Perang Utah
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Perang Utah (1857–1858), juga dikenal sebagai Ekspedisi Utah,[1] Operasi Militer Utah,[2] Buchanan's Blunder,[3] the Mormon War,[4] or the Mormon Rebellion[5] adalah suatu konfrontasi bersenjata antara pemukim Mormon di Wilayah Utah dan angkatan bersenjata pemerintah Amerika Serikat. Konfrontasi berlangsung dari Mei 1857 sampai Juli 1858. Terdapat beberapa korban luka dan tewas, sebagian besar warga sipil non-Mormon. Perang tidak memiliki pertempuran militer penting.
Perang Utah | |||||||
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Pihak terlibat | |||||||
Amerika Serikat | Deseret / Utah Mormon (Legiun Nauvoo) | ||||||
Tokoh dan pemimpin | |||||||
Pres. James Buchanan Jen. Albert S. Johnston |
Gub. Brigham Young Jen. Daniel H. Wells Kapt. Lot Smith | ||||||
Kekuatan | |||||||
2.500 | tidak diketahui | ||||||
Korban | |||||||
38 | tidak diketahui | ||||||
Warga sipil: 126 tewas (120 dalam Pembantaian Gunung Meadows) |
Catatan
- ^ Le Roy Reuben Hafen; Ann Woodbury Hafen (1958). The Utah expedition, 1857–1858: a documentary account of the United States military movement under Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston, and the resistance by Brigham Young and the Mormon Nauvoo Legion. A. H. Clark Co. Diakses tanggal 14 May 2012.
- ^ William Preston Johnston; Albert Sidney Johnston (1878). The life of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston. D. Appleton. hlm. 207. Diakses tanggal 14 May 2012.
- ^ Poll, Richard D., and Ralph W. Hansen. "'Buchanan's Blunder' The Utah War, 1857–1858", in Military Affairs 25, 3 (1961): 121–131
- ^ "The Mormon War." (PDF), New York Times, 19 May 1858
- ^ "The Mormon Rebellion" (PDF), New York Times, 16 February 1858
Referensi
- Allen, James B. and Glen M. Leonard. The Story of the Latter-day Saints. Deseret Book Co., Salt Lake City, UT, 1976. ISBN 0-87747-594-6.
- Arrington, Leonard J. Great Basin Kingdom: An Economic History of the Latter-day Saints, 1830–1900; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958, reprinted by University of Illinois Press, October 2004. ISBN 0-252-02972-0.
- Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1889), History of Utah: 1540–1886, The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, XXVI, San Francisco: The History Company, LCCN 07018413, OCLC 4694895
- Buchanan, James (December 19, 1857), "Nomination of Alfred Cumming as Governor of the Territory of Utah", dalam McCook, Anson G., Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States of America, 10, Washington, D.C.: GPO (dipublikasikan tanggal 1887), hlm. 275
- Buchanan, James (April 6, 1858), James Bassett Moore, ed., Proclamation on the Rebellion in Utah, X
- Buchanan, James (1858), The Utah expedition. Message from the President of the United States, transmitting reports from the secretaries of state, of war, of the interior, and of the attorney general, relative to the military expedition ordered into the territory of Utah. February 26, 1858.--Referred to the Committee on territories, Washington
- Fleek, Sherman L. (2006), "The Church and the Utah War, 1857–1858", dalam Freeman, Robert C., Nineteenth-Century Saints at War, Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, hlm. 81–106
- Kimball, Heber C. (July 26, 1857), "Oneness of the Priesthood—Impossibility of Obliterating Mormonism—Gospel Ordinances—Depopulation of the Human Species—The Coming Famine, etc.", dalam Calkin, Asa, Journal of Discourses Delivered by President Brigham Young, His Two Counsellors, the Twelve Apostles, and Others, 4, Liverpool: Asa Calkin (dipublikasikan tanggal 1858), hlm. 86–95
- Poll, Richard D., and Ralph W. Hansen. ""Buchanan's Blunder" The Utah War, 1857–1858." Military Affairs (Lexington, VA) 25, 3 (1961): 121–131.
- Poll; MacKinnon, William P. (1994), "Causes of the Utah War Reconsidered", Journal of Mormon History, 20 (2): 16–44, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 May 2012
- MacKinnon, William P. (2007), "Loose in the Stacks: A Half-Century with the Utah War and Its Legacy" (PDF), Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, 40 (1): 43–81, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 26 March 2009
- MacKinnon, William P. "At Sword's Point, Part 1: A Documentary History of the Utah War to 1858" (Norman, Okla.: The Arthur H. Clark Company, 2008).
- Moorman, Donald R. Camp Floyd and the Mormons: The Utah War. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1992. ISBN 978-0-87480-845-2.
- Schindler, Harold (1995), Utah War Broke Hold Mormons Had on Utah
- Walker, Ronald W. and Doris R. Dant, editors, "Nearly Everything Imaginable: the Everyday Life of Utah's Mormon Pioneers." BYU Studies, Provo, Utah 1999.
- Young, Brigham (July 5, 1857a), "True Happiness—Fruits of Not Following Counsel—Popular Prejudice Against the Mormons—The Coming Army—Punishment of Evildoers", dalam Calkin, Asa, Journal of Discourses Delivered by President Brigham Young, His Two Counsellors, the Twelve Apostles, and Others, 4, Liverpool: Asa Calkin (dipublikasikan tanggal 1858), hlm. 1–6
- Young, Brigham (August 2, 1857b), "Joseph Smith's Family—Bashfulness in Public Speaking—The Coming Crisis—Counsel", dalam Calkin, Asa, Journal of Discourses Delivered by President Brigham Young, His Two Counsellors, the Twelve Apostles, and Others, 4, Liverpool: Asa Calkin (dipublikasikan tanggal 1858), hlm. 96–101
- Young, Brigham (August 5, 1857c), Proclamation by the Governor, Salt Lake City: Utah Territory
- "Welchman, Arthur P., Reminiscences and diary, [ca.1854-1917], fd. 1, 93-94.", Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel, History.LDS.org, Church History Department, LDS Church
- Pertalian
- Artikel ini berisi bahan berstatus domain umum dari United States Government dokumen "Utah Territory: Message of the President of the United States, Communication, in Compliance with a Resolution of the House, Copies of Correspondence Relative to the Condition of Affairs in the Territory of Utah ...".
Bacaan lanjutan
- Bancroft, Hubert Howe; Bates, Alfred (1889), "Chapter XIX: The Utah War", History of Utah, 1540-1886, The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Vol. XXVI, San Francisco: History Company, OCLC 4694895
- Campbell, Eugene E. (1988), "Chapter 14: The Utah War", Establishing Zion: The Mormon Church in the American West, 1847-1869, Salt Lake City: Signature Books, ISBN 0-941214-62-1
- Poll, Richard D. (1994), "The Utah War", dalam Powell, Allan Kent, Utah History Encyclopedia, Salt Lake City, Utah: University of Utah Press, ISBN 0874804256, OCLC 30473917
- D.G. Littleford, Utah War: U.S. Government Versus Mormon Settlers, Historynet.com, Weider Publishers, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-01
Pranala luar
- Media tentang Utah War di Wikimedia Commons