Wikipedia

Universitas Baylor

universitas di Amerika Serikat
Revisi sejak 9 Maret 2018 02.27 oleh JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) (→Sejarah)

Baylor University (BU) adalah universitas swasta Baptis di Waco, Texas. Didirikan sebagai badan hukum pada tahun 1845 oleh Kongres Republik Texas, merupakan universitas tertua yang terus beroperasi di Texas dan salah satu lembaga pendidikan pertama di sisi barat Sungai Mississippi di Amerika Serikat. Terletak di tepi Sungai Brazos di sebelah jalan raya I-35, antara Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex dan Austin, kampus universitas seluas 1.000 hektar merupakan kampus universitas Baptis terbesar di dunia.[5] Tim olahraga Universitas Baylor, yang dikenal sebagai "Bears" ("Beruang"), berpartisipasi dalam 19 cabang olahraga antarsekolah. Universitas ini merupakan anggota dari Konferensi Big 12 di NCAA Divisi I.

Baylor University
Universitas Baylor
 
Peta
 
Peta
Peta
Informasi
MotoPro Ecclesia, Pro Texana. (bahasa Latin)
"Untuk Gereja, Untuk Texas"
JenisSwasta
Didirikan1845
Dana abadi$1,23 milyar (2017)[1]
PresidenLinda Livingstone
ProvosMichael McLendon[2]
Jumlah mahasiswa16,787 (Fall 2015)[3]
Sarjana14,189 (Fall 2015)[3]
Magister2,598 (Fall 2015)[3]
Lokasi
Waco
,
Texas
,
Amerika Serikat

31°32′55″N 97°07′00″W / 31.54861°N 97.11667°W / 31.54861; -97.11667
KampusUrban ("College town")
1.000 ekar (4,0 km2)
WarnaGreen and Gold[4]
Templat:College color boxes
Nama julukanBears & Lady Bears
AfiliasiBaptist General Convention of Texas
SACS
NAICU
ASAIHL
SURA
MaskotJudge Joy & Judge Lady (beruang hidup)
Bruiser (berkostum)
Situs webwww.baylor.edu
Facebook: BaylorUniversity1845 X: baylor Instagram: bayloruniversity Pinterest: baylor Modifica els identificadors a Wikidata

Sejarah

 
Patung Hakim Baylor di depan Mall Pendiri (Founder's Mall) di pusat area kampus

Pada tahun 1841, 35 delegasi ke pertemuan Union Baptist Association mengambil suara untuk menjalankan usulan Rev. William Milton Tryon dan R.E.B. Baylor untuk mendirikan suatu universitas Baptis ddi Texas, yang saat itu adalah suatu republik independen. Baylor, seorang hakim distrik Texas dan pernah menjadi U.S. Congressman serta prajurit dari Alabama, namanya dipakai menjadi nama sekolah itu. Awalnya ada yang ingin menamakan universitas baru itu "San Jacinto" untuk memperingati kemenangan yang menjadikan Texas suatu negeri independen, tetapi sebelum pemungutan suara terakhir di Congress, para pembuat petisi mengusulkan universitas itu dinamai sebagai penghormatan kepada Hakim R. E. B. Baylor.

 
Hakim R. E. B. Baylor
 
Pada tahun 1892, Baylor University memiliki dua bangunan utama, Old Main dan Burleson Hall.

Presiden

 
Kenneth Winston Starr adalah Presiden Baylor dari tahun 2010 sampai 2016.

Akademika

Peringkat

 
Baylor Law School pada Brazos River

Templat:Infobox US university ranking

USNWR graduate school rankings[7]

Business 65
Education 89
Engineering 123
Law 51
Nursing: Doctorate 47
Nursing: Master's 56

USNWR departmental rankings[7]

Biological Sciences 84
Chemistry 96
Clinical Psychology 62
Earth Sciences 106
English 116
Health Care Management 17
Mathematics 134
Nursing–Midwifery 10
Physical Therapy 8
Physics 123
Psychology 98
Social Work 53
Sociology 87
Speech–Language Pathology 69
Statistics 50

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Burleson Quadrangle

Several former and present members of faculty at Baylor are or were prominent proponents of intelligent design, most notably philosopher William Dembski, now at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, Christian philosopher Francis Beckwith and electrical engineer Robert J. Marks II[8][9]

The university's endowment passed $1 billion in 2007 and reached $1,055,478,000 on Dec. 31, 2007.[10] Even with the economic crisis of 2008, Baylor spokesperson Lori Fogleman reported that Baylor's endowment grew 5.1 percent in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2008; the National Association of College and University Business Officials estimated that during that same period, the median return for the top 25 percent of college endowments decreased by 2.2 percent. Fogleman cited the university's long-term investments and diversified holdings as the cause of the endowment's success. Despite a hired consulting firm's concerns that the troubled economy and disagreements within the Baylor community could hinder continued growth, the university's endowment exceeded $1.1 billion as of May 2013.[11]

On March 4, 2010, "An anonymous longtime Baylor donor . . . set up an estate provision that will benefit the school to the tune of an estimated $200 million dollars. The gift will bolster Baylor's research on the issues of aging in multiple disciplines at the school."[12] Citing the most recent data reported by the Chronicle of Higher Education, Baylor officials say the $200 million donation is the second-largest gift to a Texas college or university and ranks among the top 20 private gifts to higher education institutions in the country.[13]

Athletics

Artikel utama: Baylor Bears
Men's Sports Women's Sports
Baseball Acrobatics & Tumbling
Basketball Basketball
Cross Country Cross Country
Football Equestrian
Golf Golf
Tennis Tennis
Track & Field (Indoor and Outdoor) Softball
Track & Field (Indoor and Outdoor)
Volleyball
Soccer

Baylor student athletes participate in NCAA Division I as part of the Big 12 Conference. Baylor men's sports teams are named the Bears, and most women's teams are named the Lady Bears. In the 2011–2012 season, Baylor broke the NCAA record for most combined wins in the four major collegiate sports: baseball, football, and men's and women's basketball.

The university has won NCAA titles in 2004, 2005 and 2012. The men's tennis team defeated UCLA in the 2004 championship match to garner the Baylor's first title.[14] One year later, the Baylor Lady Bears basketball team beat Michigan State in the championship game and was subsequently named as the only women's team to be nominated for a 2005 "Best Team" ESPY.[15] In 2012, the Baylor Lady Bears basketball team beat the Notre Dame Fighting Irish in the NCAA National Championship; the first college basketball team to ever finish with a perfect 40-0 record.

The Baylor men's basketball team advanced to the Elite Eight of the NCAA 'March Madness' Championship tournament in 2010 and 2012. Under the direction of head coach Scott Drew, Baylor achieved a record of 121-55 (.688) between the 2008–2012 seasons and reached post-season play in four of those years. Four former Baylor basketball players were drafted in the first or second round of the NBA draft in the 2011 and 2012 seasons:

Year of the Bear

The Year of the Bear is the name given to the 2011–2012 year in Baylor Athletics. During this year, the Baylor Bears football team defeated Big 12 rival Oklahoma (No. 5 AP) for the first time ever, as well as future bitter Big 12 rival TCU (No. 14 AP), ending the season at 10-3 ranked at No. 12 (No. 13 AP). Junior quarterback Robert Griffin III gained recognition throughout the year and was awarded both the 2011 Heisman Trophy and National Player of the Year honors.

Meanwhile, the men's basketball team started with 17 straight wins en route to a 30-8 season (the best in school history), a berth in the NCAA Elite Eight (its second in three seasons) and a No. 10 final ranking. The women's basketball team won the program's second national title, becoming the first basketball program – men's or women's – to finish 40-0. Center Brittney Griner was named the National Player of the Year, while Coach Kim Mulkey was awarded National Coach of the Year. The baseball team won 49 games (one shy of its all-time best), including a Big 12-record 18-game conference winning streak and school-record 24-game winning streak. Although ranked at No. 1 for two weeks (a program first), the baseball team finished in the NCAA Super Regionals and a No. 9 ranking.

Baylor's four major programs (football, men's and women's basketball, and baseball) finished with an NCAA record 129 wins during the year (and an overall record of 129-28 for a winning percentage of .822) and Baylor was the only school to have all four programs ranked at the end of their respective seasons. The football and (men's and women's) basketball programs also set NCAA records with a combined 80 wins between them, including a stretch from Nov. 1, 2011 to Jan. 16, 2012, when the three programs had 40 consecutive wins between them.[16]

Outside of the four major programs, Baylor was one of only two schools that had all 19 of its sponsored sports advance to the post season.[16]

McLane Stadium

 
Baylor University's McLane Stadium

Following the 'Year of the Bear,' it was announced in July 2012 that a new $260 million football stadium to be called "McLane Stadium" would be constructed on the university's campus. Opened in fall 2014, the stadium holds 45,000 spectators and is situated on 93 acres of land adjacent to the Brazos River. The stadium was planned by architecture firm Populous, known for its design of Yankee Stadium in New York and Houston's Minute Maid Park. A partnership between Austin Commercial-Flintco LLC oversaw the project as its contractor.[17]

From 1936 to 1949, the Baylor Bears home football games were played at Waco/Municipal Stadium. In 1950, the team moved to the newly constructed Floyd Casey Stadium (originally named Baylor Stadium), located four miles from campus with a seating capacity of up to 50,000 spectators.[18] The stadium has been renovated several times, most notably in 1998 and 2005.[19]

Mascots

Baylor's mascot is the American black bear. The university has two live bears on campus named Joy and Lady, each bearing the title of Judge in honor of the first live mascot. The school's costumed mascot is named Bruiser.

Although Baylor began intercollegiate athletic competition in the 1890s, students did not elect the university's mascot until 1914.[20] The other two dozen nominees included the bald eagle and the bookworm.[21] Three years later, the 107th Engineers, a U.S. Army troop stationed in Waco, gave Baylor its first live bear. The 107th Engineers had found the bear while traveling by train to Waco. After the troop left, the Baylor University Chamber of Commerce began caring for the animal. The organization still cares for the university's live bears.

One of the most famous Baylor mascots was "Big Joe" or "College Joe" in the 1930s. The bear (originally named Buckshot) was the pet of local businessman Herbert E. Mayr and was known to perform circus tricks and drink from a bottle at Mayr's business.[22] The bear was housed at The Cotton Palace Zoo after it became too large to keep as a pet and destroyed the backseat of Mayr's car. Due to the expense of food, Mayr transferred responsibility for the bear to Waco attorney Woodie Zachery.[23] It was later adopted by W.W. Boyd and soon began its 11 years as Baylor's mascot "College Joe." Following its death, the bear was stuffed and given a special display at the university.[24]

The university's costumed mascot, Bruiser, was introduced at the beginning of the 1981–1982 basketball season.[25] The mascot appears at football and basketball events, along with university pep rallies and community events. Bruiser also travels with the basketball team to games for the Big 12 Basketball Tournament, NIT and NCAA Tournaments.[25]

Traditions

Baylor has many traditions that have developed since the university was founded. Some take the form of annual celebrations, while others are symbolized in memorials. The Baylor Chamber of Commerce is the oldest student organization on the campus that is responsible for most of the school's traditions.

 
The Baylor Line on the field of a home football game

Baylor Line

Artikel utama: Baylor Line

The Baylor Line is a tradition for new students that began in 1970. Freshmen embrace the spirit of Baylor by wearing special football jerseys and rushing the field before home football games. Each "Line Jersey" has a nickname chosen by the student and his or her intended year of graduation on the back. From its inception until 1994, only male students were allowed to run the Line. Before the football game on Saturday, October 28, 2017, alumnae who were not allowed to run in the Line were invited to join the Freshmen in the run.[26]

Mass Meeting

The Thursday night of Homecoming Week, new Baylor students (Freshmen and Transfers) attend a mass meeting in Waco Hall where they learn about the Immortal Ten, the ten student athletes who died in a bus-train accident in Round Rock, Texas, on Jan. 22, 1927. After the Mass Meeting, the freshmen class build a bonfire on Fountain Mall which often includes burning vigils of the homecoming football opponent's mascot created by the various on campus houses.[27]

Homecoming

The nation's first homecoming celebrations originated at Baylor in November 1909. Not long after, the idea was adopted by the University of Illinois in 1910, the University of Missouri in 1911, and at universities throughout the U.S. in the years that followed.[28][29] The Baylor Homecoming event began as a way to reconnect alumni with current students but has now grown to include a football game, bonfire, concerts, speeches, receptions, class reunions, pep rallies, and the nation's oldest and longest collegiate parade.[30]

Memorial lamp posts

During World War II, more than 4,000 Baylor men and women served in the U.S. Armed Forces, of whom more than 125 died during the war. In 1946, red granite lampposts were erected in honor of each of these fallen members of the military to stand as "a guard by day" and illuminate the paths of campus by night. Ever since, a lamppost has been added for each Baylor alumnus or student who has fallen in service to the country. The lamp posts are all of the same design and contain bronze plaques detailing the life and manner of death of the individual service member.

 
The Immortal Ten Memorial

Immortal Ten

On Jan. 22, 1927, a bus carrying the Baylor basketball team collided with the Sunshine Special train in Round Rock, Texas. Ten members of the traveling party were killed and many others were injured in the accident. The story of the Immortal Ten is told each year at Freshman Mass Meeting, where the names of the ten are called out. In 1996, the senior class provided initial funding to create an Immortal Ten statue on campus. Fundraising and planning for the statue continued over the ensuing years. Finally, on June 22, 2007, the statue sculpted by Bruce R. Greene was unveiled. The Immortal Ten memorial was officially dedicated during Homecoming on Nov. 2, 2007 in Traditions Square.[31][32][33][34][35]

University Mace

During the War of 1812, Cyrus Baylor, brother of R.E.B. Baylor, was cited for his bravery with the presentation of a gold sword by President Jackson. In 1957, it was given to the university. In 1974, Baylor President Abner V. McCall suggested that the sword be used to form the focal point of a ceremonial "symbol of authority." A timber from one of Old Main's towers was used to construct a base and center pole. Walking canes of former Baylor President Rufus C. Burleson and Gen. Sam Houston, who had been baptized by Burleson and had been a supporter of the university, were linked to the sword to form the Mace. It is used at all university commencement exercises and at other special ceremonies.

Alma mater

 
That Good Ol' Baylor Line
The Baylor University Men's Choir performing the university's alma mater, "That Good Ol' Baylor Line."
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Baylor's alma mater is "That Good Ol' Baylor Line." In 1906, a student penned humorous words to the tune of "In the Good Old Summer Time" and they became generally accepted among the student body as the school fight song. However, in 1931, Enid Eastland Markham, wife of music professor Robert Markham, felt the words were neither dignified enough nor representative of the total university, so she decided to write new lyrics, which were soon sanctioned as the official school song. The "Good Ol' Summer Time" tune was later arranged to fit Mrs. Markham's "Baylor Line" through the work of Jack Goode, Donald I. Moore and Charles F. Brown.

Notable alumni, faculty and staff

Artikel utama: List of Baylor University people
 
Willie Nelson attended Baylor

With more than 120,000 living alumni, Baylor is represented by notable individuals in an array of public and professional spheres.

Graduates acclaimed for their work in the arts include Pulitzer Prize-winning composer Steven Stucky, GMA Dove Award-winning composer Bruce Greer, Grammy Award-winning Christian recording artist Phil Driscoll, Christian recording artist David Crowder, Grammy-winning Gaither Vocal Band tenor David Phelps, screenwriter and director John Lee Hancock (with works including The Blind Side, nominated for the 2009 Academy Award for Best Picture), screenwriter Derek Haas (with works including 3:10 to Yuma and Wanted, both nominated for multiple Academy Awards), Emmy Award-nominated director Kevin Reynolds, Emmy-winning actress Angela Kinsey (the character of Angela Martin in NBC's The Office), Emmy-nominated actress Allison Tolman, Tony Award-nominated actress Elizabeth A. Davis, actress Carole Cook (a protégé of Lucille Ball), stand-up comedian Jeff Dunham, up-and-coming actor Britain Simons, and The Silence of the Lambs writer Thomas Harris.

Also alumni of the university are Chip and Joanna Gaines, who graduated in 1998 and 2001 respectively. They are the stars of the HGTV show, Fixer Upper and are frequently involved in the Baylor community.[36]

Alumni known for leadership in the private and public sectors include People Magazine co-founder Hal C. Wingo, The Weather Channel CFO Jerry Elliott, American Airlines CEO Thomas W. Horton, Western Refining CEO Paul Foster, Allbritton Communications Company (the parent company of Politico) founder Joe Allbritton, XTO Energy CEO Bob R. Simpson, chairman of the McLane Group and former owner of the Houston Astros Drayton McLane, Jr., chairman of the Martin Organization and former PayPal executive Rod D. Martin, Oracle Corporation CEO Mark Hurd, former chairman and CEO of Stanford Financial Group Allen Stanford, EXUSMED CEO and founder of Empowering Spirits Foundation A. Latham Staples, former mayor of San Antonio Phil Hardberger, former Governor of Texas Ann Richards, former Federal Bureau of Investigation director William S. Sessions, ninth president of Goucher College Judy Jolley Mohraz, and former US Ambassador to Sweden Lyndon Lowell Olson, Jr.

Professional athletes who graduated from the university include Cleveland Browns quarterback and 2011 Heisman Trophy-winner Robert Griffin III, Phoenix Mercury WNBA player Brittney Griner, four-time Olympic gold medalist Michael Johnson, and Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Ted Lyons.

Grammy–winning recording artist Willie Nelson, actor Austin Miller and Senator Rand Paul attended Baylor but did not receive degrees from the university. Former United States Vice President John Nance Garner (Franklin D. Roosevelt President) received an honorary doctor of laws degree from Baylor in 1936.[37] Actor and comedian Bill Cosby received an honorary doctor of humane letters degree from the university in 2003,[38] which was rescinded in 2015.[39]

For information on notable faculty, staff and other alumni, please see the List of Baylor University people.

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Kampus

  • Campus
  •  
    Pat Neff in the Spring, dinamai menurut mantan governor of Texas, anggota Texas Railroad Commission member, dan presiden Baylor
  •  
    Bill Daniel Student Center from the side
  •  
    Bill Daniel Student Center during Christmas
  •  
    Tidwell Bible Building at Baylor University in Waco, Texas
  •  
    Tidwell Bible Building
  • Truett Seminary
    Truett Seminary
  •  
    Mayborn Museum
  •  
    Burleson Quadrangle
  • Old Main and Pat Neff Hall
    Old Main and Pat Neff Hall
  •  
    Pat Neff Hall looking west
  •  
    Statue of Judge Baylor
  •  
    Another view of Burleson Quadrangle
  •  
    Baylor Science Building
  •  
    McLane Stadium
  •  
    McLane Stadium interior facing south

Referensi

  1. ^ Per 30 Juni 2017. "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year (FY) 2017 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY2016 to FY2017" (PDF). Diakses tanggal January 30, 2018. 
  2. ^ "McLendon Named Interim Provost". Diakses tanggal 2017-06-27. 
  3. ^ a b c Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama CDS_2015-2016
  4. ^ "Baylor University | Graphic Standards | Official Colors". 2013-10-15. Diakses tanggal 2016-11-19. 
  5. ^ "Baylor University || About Baylor || Mission". www.baylor.edu. Diakses tanggal 2017-03-30. 
  6. ^ "Baylor University Announces Dr. Linda A. Livingstone as President". 18 April 2017. 
  7. ^ a b "Baylor University - U.S. News Best Grad School Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. Diakses tanggal 2 June 2017. 
  8. ^ "Baylor avoids repeating an anti-ID purge from years before" by Mark Bergin World Magazine
  9. ^ Baylor U. Removes a Web Page Associated With Intelligent Design From Its Site" by Elizabeth F. Farrell Chronicle of Higher Education Sept. 4, 2007.
  10. ^ "Lilley: 2012 endowment goal may be too small". Diakses tanggal 2008-06-22. 
  11. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama fall13
  12. ^ "Baylor Receives Largest Gift in School's History". KWBU 103 NPR. 2010-03-04. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 September 2010. Diakses tanggal 2010-09-06. 
  13. ^ "Baylor Receives Anonymous $200 Million Donation". KWTX 10 News. 2010-03-04. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-03-08. Diakses tanggal 2010-09-06. 
  14. ^ "Baylor Men's Tennis Crowned National Champions". Baylor University || Media Communications || News. Baylor.edu. 2004-05-25. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  15. ^ "Baylor Women's Basketball, Jeremy Wariner Nominated for ESPY Awards". Baylor University || Media Communications || News. Baylor.edu. 2005-06-24. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  16. ^ a b "Baylor Bears Official Athletic Site - BaylorBears.com - Year of the Bear". BaylorBears.com. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  17. ^ "Baylor University Celebrates Football Stadium Fundraising and Construction Milestones". Baylor University || Media Communications || Baylor Stadium. Baylor.edu. 2013-05-07. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  18. ^ "McLane Family Makes Leadership Gift for New Baylor Football Stadium". Baylor University || Media Communications || News. Baylor.edu. 2012-03-13. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  19. ^ "The Grant Teaff Athletic Complex". Baylor University || Media Communications || News. Baylor.edu. 1998-02-27. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  20. ^ "Baylor Bears Official Athletic Site - BaylorBears.com - Traditions". BaylorBears.com. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  21. ^ "Baylor University || Bear Program || Mascot History". Baylor.edu. 1914-12-14. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  22. ^ "Herbert E. Mayr with "Buckshot" the bear". Waco News-Tribune. 1928-10-21. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-22. 
  23. ^ "23 Mar 1943, Page 1 - at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Diakses tanggal 10 August 2015. 
  24. ^ "23 Mar 1943, Page 8 - at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Diakses tanggal 10 August 2015. 
  25. ^ a b "Baylor Bears Official Athletic Site - BaylorBears.com - Athletics". BaylorBears.com. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  26. ^ Ericksen, Phillip (October 24, 2017). "Waco Tribune-Herald". Diakses tanggal February 15, 2018. 
  27. ^ "Baylor University || Homecoming || Extravaganza/Bonfire". Homecoming | Baylor University. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-17. 
  28. ^ "The History of Homecoming". ACTIVE. 2012-05-19. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  29. ^ "Baylor University || Homecoming || History". Baylor.edu. 2011-01-21. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  30. ^ "Baylor University || Media Communications || News". Baylor.edu. 2013-10-08. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  31. ^ "Baylor's Immortal Ten finally get their statuary due". 22 October 2007. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 October 2007. 
  32. ^ [1][pranala nonaktif]
  33. ^ [2] Diarsipkan February 5, 2007, di Wayback Machine.
  34. ^ "Baylor Flashback - Jan. 22, 1927 - The Immortal Ten :: Exactly 80 years ago, Baylor tragically lost 10 athletes". Baylorbears.cstv.com. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-10. 
  35. ^ "Immortal Ten Memorial Installed on Campus". Baylor University. Diakses tanggal 2012-04-10. 
  36. ^ "Baylor University || Baylor Magazine, Fall 2015 || Alumni of the Year: Chip and Joanna Gaines". Baylor Magazine, Fall 2015 | Baylor University. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-17. 
  37. ^ "A Guide to the John Nance Garner Papers, 1874–1968". Lib.utexas.edu. Diakses tanggal 10 August 2015. 
  38. ^ "Baylor University || Media Communications || News". Baylor.edu. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-08. 
  39. ^ Stottlemyre, Matthew (October 9, 2015). "Baylor rescinds honorary doctorate given to Bill Cosby in 2003". WacoTrib.com. 

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