Katherine Wilson Sheppard

Katherine Wilson Sheppard (née Catherine Wilson Malcolm; 10 Maret 1848 – 13 Juli 1934) merupakan tokoh penting dalam gerakan hak suara perempuan di Selandia Baru dan pejuang hak suara perempuan paling terkenal di Selandia Baru. Lahir di Liverpool, Inggris, Kate bermigrasi ke Selandia Baru bersama keluarganya pada 1868, ketika dia menjadi anggota aktif di pelbagai organisasi agama dan sosial, termasuk Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). Pada 1887, Kate ditetapkan sebagai Pengawas Nasional WCTU untuk Waralaba dan Legislasi, suatu jabatan yang dia gunakan untuk semakin mendorong hak suara perempuan di Selandia Baru.

Kate Sheppard
Kate pada 1905
Lahir	Catherine Wilson Malcolm (1848-03-10)10 Maret 1848 Liverpool, Inggris
Meninggal	13 Juli 1934(1934-07-13) (umur 86) Christchurch, Selandia Baru
Nama lain	Katherine Wilson Malcolm
Dikenal atas	Hak suara perempuan
Suami/istri	Walter Allen Sheppard ​ ​ (m. 1871; meninggal 1915)​ William Lovell-Smith ​ ​ (m. 1925)​
Anak	Douglas Sheppard (1880–1910)
Kerabat	Isabella May (adik)

Kate mempromosikan hak suara perempuan dengan mengorganisasi petisi dan pertemuan umum dengan menulis surat kepada pers dan menjalin hubungan dengan tokoh politik. Kate merupakan penyunting White Ribbon [Pita Putih], koran pertama yang dikelola oleh perempuan di Selandia Baru. Melalui keterampilan menulis dan cakap dalam berbicara di muka umum, Kate berjaya mendorong hak suara perempuan. Pamfletnya berjudul Ten Reasons Why the Women of New Zealand Should Vote [Sepuluh Alasan Wanita Selandia Baru Harus Mengundi] dan Should Women Vote? [Haruskah Wanita Mengundi?] turut andil dalam majunya hak suara perempuan.

Kate merupakan presiden pertama Dewan Wanita Nasional Selandia Baru yang didirikan pada 1896 dan membantu mereformasi organisasi ini pada 1918. Pada kehidupan selanjutnya, Kate melawat ke Inggris dan membantu gerakan hak suara perempuan di sana. Dengan keadaan kesehatannya yang menurun, Kate kembali ke Selandia Baru, dan terus melibatkan diri gerakan hak suara perempuan melalui tulisan, meskipun secara politik dia kurang aktif. Kate meninggal pada 1934 tanpa meninggalkan keturunan sama sekali.

Atas perannya sebagai pemimpin gerakan hak suara perempuan Selandia Baru, Kate dianggap secara luas sebagai satu di antara tokoh paling menonjol di Selandia Baru. Kate diabadikan dalam bagian depan uang kertas sepuluh dolar Selandia Baru pada 1991 hingga kini.

Karya

• Sheppard, Kate (17 May 2017) [1888]. "Ten Reasons Why the Women of New Zealand Should Vote" [Sepuluh Alasan Perempuan Selandia Baru Harus Mengundi]. New Zealand History. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2018. 
• Should women vote? (1890)
• Sheppard, Kate (nd) [1924]. "How we won the franchise in New Zealand" [Bagaimana Kami Memenangi Waralaba di Selandia Baru]. New Zealand History. New Zealand Women's Christian Temperance Union. hlm. 7. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2018. 
• Woman Suffrage in New Zealand (1907)
• Woman's suffrage petition 1892
• "1893 women's suffrage petition". New Zealand History. Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. nd [28 July 1893]. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2018. 

Sumber

Buku dan jurnal

• Adas, Michael (2010). Essays on Twentieth-Century History. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Temple University Press. ISBN 9781439902714. 
• Amodeo, Colin (2006). West! 1858–1966 : a social history of Christchurch West High School and its predecessors. ISBN 9780473116347. 
• Dalziel, Raewyn (1973). "Reviews: Women's Suffrage in New Zealand" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of History. 7: 201–202. 
• Devaliant, Judith (1992). Kate Sheppard: The Fight for Women's Votes in New Zealand. Penguin Books. ISBN 9780140176148. 
• Fleischer, Jeff (2014). Rockin' the Boat: 50 Iconic Revolutionaries from Joan of Arc to Malcolm X. San Francisco, California: Zest Books. hlm. 151–154. ISBN 9781936976744. 
• Grimshaw, Patricia (1987). Women's Suffrage in New Zealand. Auckland University Press. ISBN 9781869400262. 
• King, Michael (2003). The Penguin History of New Zealand. Penguin Books. ISBN 9780143018674. 
• Lusted, Marcia Amidon (March 2009). "International Suffrage". Cobblestone. 30 (3): 40. ISSN 0199-5197. Diakses tanggal 24 June 2015. ((Perlu berlangganan (help)). 
• Malcolm, Tessa K. (1993). "Sheppard, Katherine Wilson". The Dictionary of New Zealand biography. Two, 1870-1900. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books : Dept. of Internal Affairs. hlm. 459–462. 
• Pierce, Jill (1995). The Suffrage Trail. Wellington: National Council of Women New Zealand (NCWNZ). ISBN 0-473-03150-7. 
• Simpson, Clare (1993). "Atalanta Cycling Club". Dalam Else, Anne. Women Together : A History of Women's Organisations in New Zealand : Ngā Ropū Wāhine o te Motu. Wellington Historical Branch, Department of Internal Affairs. hlm. 418–419. 
• Sulkunen, Irma (2015). "An International Comparison of Women's Suffrage: The Cases of Finland and New Zealand in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century". Journal of Women's History. 27: 88–107. doi:10.1353/jowh.2015.0040 – via Project Muse. 
• Thompson, Mervyn (1974). O! Temperance!. Christchurch Theatre Trust. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2018. 

Berita

• Choe, Kim (12 June 2016). "Review: Auckland Theatre Company's That Bloody Woman". newshub.co.nz. Mediaworks. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2018. 
• "Christian Ethical Society". The Press. 14 June 1890. hlm. 6. 
• "Deaths: Lovell-Smith". The Press. 14 July 1934. hlm. 1. On Friday, July 13th, at "Midway," Riccarton road, Katherine Wilson Lovell-Smith; in her 87th year. 
• "Editorial". The Lyttelton Times. 23 August 1890. hlm. 4. 
• "Editorial". The Press. 16 May 1885. hlm. 2. 
• "Gospel Temperance Union". The Lyttelton Times. 11 May 1885. hlm. 5. 
• "Gospel Temperance Union – Mrs Leavitt at Durham Street Wesleyan Church". The Lyttelton Times. 16 May 1885. hlm. 5. 
• "A history of NZ money". Newshub. 4 November 2016. Diakses tanggal 3 February 2018. 
• Hyslop, Liam (8 March 2018). "NZ Football rename Women's Knockout Cup after Kate Sheppard". Stuff.co.nz. 
• MacAndrew, Ruby (14 September 2017). "Theatre review: That Bloody Woman". stuff.co.nz. Stuff. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2018. 
• Maoate-Cox, Daniela (11 September 2014). "Kate Sheppard lights encourage voting". radionz.co.nz. Radio New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 20 September 2016. 
• "Meetings of Societies". The Lyttelton Times. 23 July 1885. hlm. 6. 
• "Obituary: Mrs. Lovell-Smith". Evening Post. 20 July 1934. hlm. 12. ... the death of Mrs. Kate Wilson Lovell-Smith, which occurred in Christchurch on Friday, at the age of 86 years. .... 
• "Our greatest New Zealanders". nzherald.co.nz. NZME. 13 November 2013. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2018. 
• "Riccarton Choral Society". The Lyttelton Times. 26 May 1886. hlm. 3. 
• "Shipping". The Lyttelton Times. 9 February 1869. hlm. 2. 
• "The Women's Franchise". The Auckland Star. 20 May 1887. hlm. 4. 
• "Enrolment Meeting". The Star (4758). 26 September 1893. hlm. 3. Diakses tanggal 9 July 2018. 

Tesis

• Turbott, Garth John (2013) (PDF). Anthroposophy in the Antipodes: A Lived Spirituality in New Zealand 1902–1960s (Tesis M.A.). Massey University. pp. 102. https://mro.massey.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10179/4310/02_whole.pdf. Diakses pada 12 February 2018. 

Situs web

• "The Atalanta Ladies' Cycling Club". Christchurch City Libraries. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2018. 
• Brewerton, Emma (8 November 2017). "Kate Sheppard". New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2018. 
• Cook, Megan. "Women's movement — Women's groups, 1890s'". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2018. 
• "The History of Bank Notes in New Zealand". The Reserve Bank of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 17 January 2018. 
• "House Competitions". Cashmere High School. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2011. 
• "Houses". Christchurch Girls' High School. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2018. 
• "Houses". Rangiora High School. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2011. 
• "Kate Sheppard, 1847–1934". Christchurch City Libraries. Diakses tanggal 17 January 2018. 
• "Kate Sheppard House". New Zealand History. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Diakses tanggal 22 June 2018. 
• Lovell-Smith, Margaret (2000). "Lovell-Smith, Hilda Kate". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 7 July 2018. 
• Malcolm, Tessa K. (May 2013) [1993]. "Sheppard, Katherine Wilson". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 7 January 2018. 
• McGibbon, Ian. "Saunders, Alfred". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 7 January 2018. 
• McKenzie, David. "William James Habens". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 7 July 2017. 
• "The National Council of Women". Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 13 January 2016. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2018. 
• "Scholarship detail". Victoria University (Wellington). Diakses tanggal 13 March 2016. 
• "Sheppard House | News | Whangarei Girls' High School". wghs.school.nz. Diakses tanggal 3 February 2018. 
• Stock, Rob (2 July 2017). "Bucking the system: How 50 years of decimal currency shows the emergence of an independent nation". Stuff. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2018. The Queen was replaced by Kate Sheppard on ten dollar banknotes in 1991. 
• "Ten Reasons Why the Women of New Zealand Should Vote". nzhistory.co.nz. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 17 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 6 August 2017. 
• "Top 100 New Zealand History Makers". Prime Television. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 November 2005. 
• "Universal male suffrage introduced". nzhistory.co.nz. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 24 November 2016. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2018. 
• "Odeon Theatre". Heritage New Zealand. Diakses tanggal 9 July 2018. 

Bacaan lebih lanjut

• "Women and the vote: Introduction". New Zealand History. Women's Suffrage. Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. nd. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2018. 
• "Brief history – women and the vote". New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 20 December 2012. Diakses tanggal 21 May 2013. 
• "A brief history of women and the vote in New Zealand" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 21 May 2013. 
• "1893 women's suffrage petition". New Zealand History. Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 13 March 2018 [28 July 1893]. Diakses tanggal 25 June 2018.