Kapal penumpang
Kapal penumpang adalah kapal yang digunakan untuk angkutan penumpang. Untuk meningkatkan effisiensi atau melayani keperluan yang lebih luas kapal penumpang dapat berupa kapal ro-ro, ataupun untuk perjalanan pendek terjadwal dalam bentuk kapal feri.
Di Indonesia perusahaan yang mengoperasikan kapal penumpang adalah PT. Pelayaran Nasional Indonesia yang dikenal sebagai PELNI.
Daftar kapal yang pernah sangat terkenal pada zamannya
Tahun | Nama | Gross tonnage | Perusahaan | Negara |
---|---|---|---|---|
1819 | SS Savannah | 320 BRT | Savannah Steamship Company | United States |
1831 | SS Royal William | 540 BRT | St. John & Halifax Steam Navigation Company | Canada |
1838 | SS Great Western | 1,340 BRT | Great Western Steamship Company | United Kingdom |
1839 | SS British Queen | 1,862 BRT | British & American Steam Navigation Company | United Kingdom |
1840 | SS President | 2,366 BRT | British & American Steam Navigation Company | United Kingdom |
1845 | SS Great Britain | 3,270 BRT | Great Western Steamship Company | United Kingdom |
1853 | SS Himalaya | 3,438 BRT | P & O Steam Navigation Company Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1853 | SS Atrato | 3,466 BRT | Royal Mail Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1857 | SS Adriatic | 4,145 BRT | New York & Liverpool United States Mail S.S. Co. (Collins) | United States |
1858 | SS Great Eastern | 18,915 BRT | Eastern Steam Navigation Company | United Kingdom |
1867 | RMS Republic (after loss of Great Eastern) | 4,352 BRT | Pacific Mail Steamship Company Inc. | United States |
1871 | RMS Egypt | 4,670 BRT | National Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1873 | RMS City of Chester | 4,770 BRT | Inman Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1874 | RMS Britannic | 5,008 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1875 | SS City of Berlin | 5,526 BRT | Inman Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1881 | SS Servia | 7,391 BRT | Cunard Line | United Kingdom |
1881 | SS City of Rome | 8,415 BRT | Inman Line | United Kingdom |
1888 | SS City of New York | 10,499 BRT | Inman Line | United Kingdom |
1893 | RMS Campania | 12,950 BRT | Cunard Line | United Kingdom |
1893 | RMS Lucania | 12,952 BRT | Cunard Line | United Kingdom |
1897 | SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Große | 14,349 BRT | Norddeutscher Lloyd | Germany |
1899 | RMS Oceanic | 17,274 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1901 | RMS Celtic | 21,035 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1905 | SS Amerika | 22,225 BRT | Hapag | Germany |
1905 | RMS Baltic | 23,876 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1906 | SS Kaiserin Auguste Victoria | 24,581 BRT | Hapag | Germany |
1907 | RMS Lusitania | 31,550 BRT | Cunard Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1907 | RMS Mauretania | 31,938 BRT | Cunard Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1911 | RMS Olympic | 45,234 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1912 | RMS Titanic | 46,329 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1912 | RMS Olympic (after loss of Titanic and refit) | 46,439 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1913 | SS Imperator | 52,117 BRT | Hapag | Germany |
1914 | SS Vaterland | 54,282 BRT | Hapag | Germany |
1914 | SS Bismarck | 56,551 BRT | Hapag | Germany |
1922 | RMS Majestic (ex Bismarck) | 56,551 BRT | White Star Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1935 | SS Normandie | 79,280 BRT | Compagnie Générale Transatlantique S.A. | France |
1940 | RMS Queen Elizabeth | 83,673 BRT | Cunard-White Star Ltd. | United Kingdom |
1971 | SS Seawise University (ex Queen Elizabeth) | 83,673 BRT | Orient Overseas Container Line | Hong Kong |
1972 | SS France (after loss of Normandie (1942), Queen Mary (1967), and Seawise University) | 66,343 BRT | Compagnie Générale Transatlantique | France |
1984 | SS Norway (ex France) | 70,202 BRT | Norwegian Cruise Line | Norway/United States |
1988 | MS Sovereign of the Seas | 73,192 BRT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
1990 | SS Norway (after reconstruction) | 76,049 BRT | Norwegian Cruise Line | Norway/United States |
1996 | MS Carnival Destiny | 101,509 BRZ | Carnival Cruise Line Inc. | United States |
1997 | MS Grand Princess | 108,865 BRZ | P & O Princess Cruises Ltd. | United Kingdom/United States |
1999 | MS Voyager of the Seas | 137,276 BRT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
2000 | MS Explorer of the Seas | 137,308 BRT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
2004 | RMS Queen Mary 2 | 148,528 BRT | Cunard Line Ltd. | United Kingdom |
2006 | MS Freedom of the Seas | 154,407 GT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
2007 | MS Liberty of the Seas and MS Freedom of the Seas | 154,407 GT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
2008 | MS Independence of the Seas | 160,000 GT | Royal Caribbean International | Norway/United States |
Referensi
- Durand, Jean-François. Autour du Monde Paquebots. Cruise ships around the world. Editions marines, 1996. [bilingual text]
- Marin, Pierre-Henri. Les paquebots, ambassadeurs des mers. Paris: Gallimard, 1989.
Pranala luar
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