Pelayan Bait Kudus Yerusalem

Hashemite custodianship of Jerusalem holy sites refers to Jordan's royal family role in tending Muslim and Christian holy sites in the city of Jerusalem. The legacy traces back to 1924 when the Supreme Muslim Council, the highest Muslim body in charge of Muslim community affairs in Mandatory Palestine, accepted Hussein bin Ali (Sharif of Mecca) as custodian of Al-Aqsa. The custodianship became a Hashemite legacy administered by consecutive Jordanian kings.

Sharif Hussein's funeral in Jerusalem on 4 June 1931

King Abdullah I welcomed by Palestinian Christians in East Jerusalem on 29 May 1948, the day after his forces took control over the city

King Hussein flying over the Dome of the Rock in East Jerusalem while the West Bank was still under Jordanian control, 1965

The Royal Palace in East Jerusalem was built in 1965 to symbolize Jordan's sovereignty, it was abandoned in 1967 when Jordan lost the West Bank. The palace remains incomplete to this day

Jordan controlled East Jerusalem and the West Bank in 1948, and annexed the territories in 1951 until they were lost to Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War. Jordan renounced claims to the territory in 1988, and signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994, whose 9th article states that Israel commits to "respect the present special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim Holy shrines in Jerusalem" and that "when negotiations on the permanent status will take place, Israel will give high priority to the Jordanian historic role in these shrines." In 2013, an agreement between Jordan and the Palestinian Authority recognized Jordan's role.

Al-Aqsa and the Dome of the Rock were renovated four times by the Hashemite dynasty during the 20th century. In 2016, King Abdullah II participated in funding renovation of Christ's tomb in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and in 2017, Abdullah donated $1.4 million to the Jerusalem Islamic Waqf, the Jordanian authority responsible for administering Al-Aqsa. An independent report estimates the total amount that the Hashemites have spent since 1924 on administering and renovating Al Aqsa as over $1 billion.

Intermittent violence at the Temple Mount between the Israel Defense Forces and Palestinians evolves into diplomatic disputes between Israel and Jordan.