Daftar pengangkatan kardinal
Daftar berikut merupakan daftar pengangkatan para kardinal dalam Gereja Katolik Roma. Tanggal konsistori yang diketahui atau yang mungkin untuk ditetapkan hanya dari diketahui sejak masa kepausan Paus Gelasius II (1118–1119).[1] Informasi mengenai jumlah dan nama para kardinal yang diangkat sebelum kepausan ini tidak lengkap.[2] Untuk periode selanjutnya, data yang tersedia mungkin lengkap, tetapi, untuk beberapa pengangkatan (khususnya pada abad ke-12), tidak dimungkinkan untuk menuliskan jumlah pengangkatan yang tepat, karena dalam beberapa kasus ada keraguan apakah yang bersangkutan sungguh diangkat menjadi kardinal, dan dalam beberapa kasus yang lain tidak dimungkinkan untuk memastikan apakah ia adalah dua orang yang terpisah atau satu orang yang memegang dua gelar selama masa hidupnya.
Angka-angka dalam daftar tidak termasuk kardinal yang dibuat in pectore yang namanya tidak pernah dipublikasikan, mereka yang menolak untuk diangkat, dan mereka yang meninggal sebelum pengangkatannya diumumkan.
Hingga 1118
Periode | Daftar | Jumlah kardinal |
---|---|---|
hingga abad ke-7 | Rincian | |
abad ke-8 | Rincian | |
abad ke-9 | Rincian | |
904–985 | Rincian | 48 |
985–1049 | Rincian | 92 |
1049–1073 | Rincian | 44 |
1073–1099 | Rincian | |
Kepausan Paschal II (1099–1118) | Rincian |
Sejak 1118
Pope | Pontificate | List | Number of consistories | Number of cardinals |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gelasius II | 1118–1119 | Rincian | 1 | 1 |
Callixtus II | 1119–1124 | Rincian | 5 | 23 |
Honorius II | 1124–1130 | Rincian | 7 hingga 9 | 14 |
Innocent II | 1130–1143 | Rincian | 26 hingga 30 | 46 hingga 53 |
Antipope Anacletus II | 1130–1138 | Rincian | ? | 14 hingga 17 |
Celestine II | 1143–1144 | Rincian | 1 | 10 |
Lucius II | 1144–1145 | Rincian | 2 | 11 |
Eugene III | 1145–1153 | Rincian | 9 | 16 |
Anastasius IV | 1153–1154 | — | 0 | 0 |
Adrian IV | 1154–1159 | Rincian | 5 hingga 7 | 12 or 13 |
Alexander III | 1159–1181 | Rincian | 17 hingga 20 | 35 |
Antipope Victor IV | 1159–1164 | Rincian | ? | 10 hingga 13 |
Antipope Paschal III | 1164–1168 | Rincian | ? | 9 |
Antipope Callixtus III | 1168–1178 | Rincian | ? | 7 |
Lucius III | 1181–1185 | Rincian | 4 | 15 |
Urban III | 1185–1187 | — | 0 | 0 |
Gregory VIII | 1187 | — | 0 | 0 |
Clement III | 1187–1191 | Rincian | 6 | 24 hingga 26 |
Celestine III | 1191–1198 | Rincian | 1 | 5 |
Innocent III | 1198–1216 | Rincian | 9 or 10 | 30 hingga 32 |
Honorius III | 1216–1227 | Rincian | 5 | 6 |
Gregory IX | 1227–1241 | Rincian | 4 | 10 |
Celestine IV | 1241 | — | 0 | 0 |
Innocent IV | 1243–1254 | Rincian | 2 or 3 | 15 or 16 |
Alexander IV | 1254–1261 | Rincian | 0 or 1 | 0 or 1 |
Urban IV | 1261–1264 | Rincian | 2 | 14 |
Clement IV | 1265–1268 | — | 0 | 0 |
Gregory X | 1271–1276 | Rincian | 1 | 5 |
Innocent V | 1276 | — | 0 | 0 |
Adrian V | 1276 | — | 0 | 0 |
John XXI | 1276–1277 | — | 0 | 0 |
Nicholas III | 1277–1280 | Rincian | 1 | 9 |
Martin IV | 1281–1285 | Rincian | 1 | 7 |
Honorius IV | 1285–1287 | Rincian | 1 | 1 |
Nicholas IV | 1288–1292 | Rincian | 1 | 6 |
Celestine V | 1294 | Rincian | 2 | 13 |
Boniface VIII | 1294–1303 | Rincian | 5 | 15 |
Benediktus XI | 1303–1304 | Rincian | 2 | 2 |
Clement V | 1305–1314 | Rincian | 3 | 24 |
John XXII | 1316–1334 | Rincian | 6 | 28 |
Antipope Nicholas V | 1328–1330 | Rincian | 4 | 9 |
Benediktus XII | 1334–1342 | Rincian | 1 | 6 |
Clement VI | 1342–1352 | Rincian | 4 | 25 |
Innocent VI | 1352–1362 | Rincian | 3 | 15 |
Urban V | 1362–1370 | Rincian | 4 | 13 |
Gregory XI | 1370–1378 | Rincian | 2 | 21 |
Urban VI | 1378–1389 | Rincian | 4 | 42 |
Antipope Clement VII | 1378–1394 | Rincian | 11 | 33 |
Boniface IX | 1389–1404 | Rincian | 2 | 6 |
Antipope Benediktus XIII | 1394–1422 | Rincian | 7 | 19 |
Innocent VII | 1404–1406 | Rincian | 1 | 11 |
Gregory XII | 1406–1415 | Rincian | 2 | 12 |
Antipope Alexander V | 1409–1410 | Rincian | 4 | 15 |
Antipope John XXIII | 1410–1415 | Rincian | 4 | 15 |
Martin V | 1417–1431 | Rincian | 4 | 17 |
Eugene IV | 1431–1447 | Rincian | 6 | 27 |
Antipope Felix V | 1439–1449 | Rincian | 4 | 14 |
Nicholas V | 1447–1455 | Rincian | 3 (or 4)[3] | 8 (or 11)[3] |
Callixtus III | 1455–1458 | Rincian | 2 | 9 |
Pius II | 1458–1464 | Rincian | 2 | 12 |
Paul II | 1464–1471 | Rincian | 2 | 10 |
Sixtus IV | 1471–1484 | Rincian | 8 | 34 |
Innocent VIII | 1484–1492 | Rincian | 1 | 8 |
Alexander VI | 1492–1503 | Rincian | 9 | 43 |
Pius III | 1503 | — | 0 | 0 |
Julius II | 1503–1513 | Rincian | 6 | 27 |
Leo X | 1513–1521 | Rincian | 8 | 42 |
Adrian VI | 1522–1523 | Rincian | 1 | 1 |
Clement VII | 1523–1534 | Rincian | 14 | 33 |
Paul III | 1534–1549 | Rincian | 12 | 71 |
Julius III | 1550–1555 | Rincian | 4 | 20 |
Marcellus II | 1555 | — | 0 | 0 |
Paul IV | 1555–1559 | Rincian | 3 | 17 |
Pius IV | 1559–1565 | Rincian | 4 | 46 |
Pius V | 1566–1572 | Rincian | 3 | 21 |
Gregory XIII | 1572–1585 | Rincian | 9 | 34 |
Sixtus V | 1585–1590 | Rincian | 8 | 33 |
Urban VII | 1590 | — | 0 | 0 |
Gregory XIV | 1590–1591 | Rincian | 2 | 5 |
Innocent IX | 1591 | Rincian | 1 | 2 |
Clement VIII | 1592–1605 | Rincian | 6 | 53 |
Leo XI | 1605 | — | 0 | 0 |
Paul V | 1605–1621 | Rincian | 10 | 60 |
Gregory XV | 1621–1623 | Rincian | 4 | 11 |
Urban VIII | 1623–1644 | Rincian | 8 | 74 |
Innocent X | 1644–1655 | Rincian | 8 | 40 |
Alexander VII | 1655–1667 | Rincian | 6 | 38 |
Clement IX | 1667–1669 | Rincian | 3 | 12 |
Clement X | 1670–1676 | Rincian | 6 | 20 |
Innocent XI | 1676–1689 | Rincian | 2 | 43 |
Alexander VIII | 1689–1691 | Rincian | 3 | 14 |
Innocent XII | 1691–1700 | Rincian | 4 | 30 |
Clement XI | 1700–1721 | Rincian | 15 | 69 |
Innocent XIII | 1721–1724 | Rincian | 2 | 3 |
Benediktus XIII | 1724–1730 | Rincian | 12 | 29 |
Clement XII | 1730–1740 | Rincian | 15 | 35 |
Benediktus XIV | 1740–1758 | Rincian | 7 | 64 |
Clement XIII | 1758–1769 | Rincian | 7 | 52 |
Clement XIV | 1769–1774 | Rincian | 12 | 17 |
Pius VI | 1775–1799 | Rincian | 23 | 73 |
Pius VII | 1800–1823 | Rincian | 19 | 99 |
Leo XII | 1823–1829 | Rincian | 8 | 25 |
Pius VIII | 1829–1830 | Rincian | 3 | 6 |
Gregory XVI | 1831–1846 | Rincian | 24 | 75 |
Pius IX | 1846–1878 | Rincian | 23 | 123 |
Leo XIII | 1878–1903 | Rincian | 27 | 147 |
Pius X | 1903–1914 | Rincian | 7 | 50 |
Benediktus XV | 1914–1922 | Rincian | 5 | 32 |
Pius XI | 1922–1939 | Rincian | 17 | 76 |
Pius XII | 1939–1958 | Rincian | 2 | 56 |
John XXIII | 1958–1963 | Rincian | 5 | 52 |
Paul VI | 1963–1978 | Rincian | 6 | 143 |
John Paul I | 1978 | — | 0 | 0 |
John Paul II | 1978–2005 | Rincian | 9 | 231 |
Benediktus XVI | 2005–2013 | Rincian | 5 | 90 |
Francis | 2013– | Rincian | 5 | 75 |
Lihat juga
Catatan
Bibliografi
- Catholic Hierarchy
- Salvador Miranda, The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
- Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica, vol. I-VI, Münster 1913-1960
- Otto Kares, Chronologie der Kardinalbischöfe im elften Jahrhundert, (in:) Festschrift zur Jahrhundertfeier des Gymnasiums am Burgplatz in Essen, Essen 1924
- Barbara Zenker, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130 bis 1159, Würzburg 1964
- Hans Walter Klewitz, Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg, Darmstadt 1957
- Rudolf Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049–1130 Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1977
- Elfriede Kartusch, Das Kardinalskollegium in der Zeit von 1181-1227, Wien 1948
- Johannes M. Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181, Berlin 1912
- Werner Maleczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216, Wien 1984
- Klaus Ganzer, Die Entwicklung des auswärtigen Kardinalats im hohen Mittelalter, Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag 1963
- Agostino Paravicini Bagliani, Cardinali di curia e "familiae" cardinalizie dal 1227 al 1254, Padova 1972
- J. P. Migne: Patrologia Latina
- Giandomenico Mansi, «Sacrorum Conciliorum Nova Amplissima Collectio»
- Phillipp Jaffé, Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII, vol. I-II. Leipzig 1885-1888
- Paul Fridolin Kehr: Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Italia Pontificia. Vol. I–X SUL Books in the Public Domain
- Pius Bonifatius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo Wielkopolska Biblioteka Cyfrowa