Gerakan Bintang Lima

{{Infobox political party Movimento cinque stelle e Virginia Raggi vattene | colorcode = #FFF500 | name = Gerakan Bintang Lima | native_name = Virginia Raggi vergognati vergognati devi morire devi devi cinque stelle vi ammazziamo stronzi pezzi di merda ladri di merda fascisti di merda Roma No vostra Non vi vogliamo fuori dalle palle Virginia Raggi dimettiti ti odiamo vergogna dittatori di merda dovete morire vi ammazziamo bastardi fuori dalle palle Roma è mia vergogna odiate i Romani Adesso ve prendete con i Romani | logo = | leader1_title = Penjamin | leader1_name = Beppe Grillo^[1]^[2] | leader2_title = Pemimpin | leader2_name = Luigi Di Maio^[3] | leader3_title = Pendiri | leader3_name = Beppe Grillo
Gianroberto Casaleggio | foundation = 4 Oktober 2009 | headquarters = Via Nomentana 257, Roma, Italia | slogan = | newspaper = ilblogdellestelle.it | membership_year = 2016 | membership = 135.023^[4] | ideology = Populisme^[5]^[6]
Anti kemapanan^[7]
Demokrasi langsung^[8]
Demokrasi virtual^[9]
Pelestarian lingkungan hidup^[10]
Euroskeptisisme^[11] | position = Tenda besar^[12] | national = Pemerintahan Perubahan | european = Tidak ada | international = Tidak ada | europarl = Kebebasan dan Demokrasi Langsung Eropa | colours = Kuning Putih | seats1_title = Dewan Perwakilan

| seats1 =

222 / 630

| seats2_title = Senat

| seats2 =

109 / 315

| seats3_title = Parlemen Eropa

| seats3 =

14 / 73

| seats4_title = Presiden Regional

| seats4 =

0 / 20

| seats5_title = Dewan Regional

| seats5 =

113 / 897

| website = www.movimento5stelle.it | country = Italia }} Gerakan Bintang Lima (bahasa Italia: Movimento 5 Stelle [moviˈmento ˈtʃiŋkwe ˈstelle], M5S) adalah sebuah partai politik populis^[13]^[14] di Italia.

M5S dimulai pada 4 Oktober 2009 oleh Beppe Grillo, seorang komedian dan narablog populer, dan Gianroberto Casaleggio, seorang pakar strategi web.^[15] Setelah kematian Casaleggio pada April 2016, Grillo menetapkan sebuah Dirktorat yang terdiri dari lima anggota parlemen terkemuka (Alessandro Di Battista, Luigi Di Maio, Roberto Fico, Carla Ruocco, Carlo Sibilia),^[16] yang berlangsung hingga Oktober berikutnya, ketika Grillo membubarkannya dan memproklamasikan dirinya sebagai "kepala politik".^[17] Grillo juga secara resmi merupakan presiden dari asosiasi bernama "Gerakan Bintang Lima", dengan keponakannya Enrico Grillo sebagai wakil presiden dan akuntannya Enrico Maria Nadasi sebagai sekretaris.^[1] Davide Casaleggio, putra dari Gianroberto, memiliki peran yang semakin penting, meskipun tidak resmi.^[18]^[19]^[20]

M5S secara beragam dianggap populis,^[13]^[14] anti kemapanan,^[14]^[21] pelestari lingkungan hidup,^[22]^[23] alter-globalis,^[24] dan Euroskeptis.^[25]

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Andrea Bassi (12 March 2013). "M5s, ecco lo statuto del Movimento 5 stelle. L'atto costitutivo firmato a Cogoleto da Beppe Grillo, il nipote Enrico Grillo e il commercialista. Non compare il nome di Casaleggio". The Huffington Post.
^ "M5S: Di Maio, Grillo sempre con noi, garante e risorsa - Politica". 12 January 2018.
^ "M5S, arriva la nuova associazione: Di Maio è capo politico e tesoriere".
^ "Risultati delle votazioni sul Non Statuto e il Regolamento del MoVimento 5 Stelle". beppegrillo.it. 28 October 2016.
^ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44066711
^ Populist Five Star Movement wins largest share of vote in Italian election, exit poll indicates
^ Italy anti-establishment parties make big gains in election
^ A top leader of Italy’s Five Star Movement: Why we won
^ Can Beppe Grillo's internet democracy work?
^ On Energy, Italy's Five Star Movement Could Rock The Boat
^ Eurosceptic Italy in race to form majority government
^ https://www.ft.com/content/553bcf9a-d326-11e6-b06b-680c49b4b4c0
^ ^a ^b
- "Greece 'leaves behind the austerity that ruined it,' party leader vows after vote". CNN. 25 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 2 January 2015.
- Maria Elizabetta Lanzone (2014). "The "post-modern" populism in Italy: The case of the Five Star Movement". Dalam Dwayne Woods; Barbara Wejnert. Many Faces of Populism: Current Perspectives. Emerald Group Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78350-257-8.
- Paul Rowinski (2013). "Euroscepticism in the Berlusconi and Murdoch Press". Dalam Alec Charles. Media/Democracy: A Comparative Study. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. hlm. 77. ISBN 978-1-4438-5008-7.
- John Foot (2014). Modern Italy. Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 223–226. ISBN 978-1-137-04192-0.
- Emilie van Haute; Anika Gauja, ed. (2015). "List of party names and abbreviations". Party Members and Activists. Routledge. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-1-317-52432-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c Donatella M. Viola (2015). "Italy". Dalam Donatella M. Viola. Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge. hlm. 113. ISBN 978-1-317-50363-7.
^ "NOTIZIE IN DUE MINUTI". Corriere della Sera. 5 October 2009. hlm. 64. Diakses tanggal 27 May 2012.
^ This party structure had no official name, but was quickly nicknamed Direttorio ("Directorate") by the Italian press. ANSA (28 novembre 2014). M5S supporters give thumbs up to Grillo directorate; ANSA (28 novembre 2014). Grillo è 'stanchino', nomina direttorio. Partito insorge.
^ "Svolta di Grillo: "Sono il capo politico"".
^ Di martedì 19 aprile 2016 (19 April 2016). "Chi comanda ora nel Movimento 5 Stelle? | Il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio". Polisblog.it. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.
^ Altri articoli dalla categoria » (21 September 2016). "M5s, la prima volta di Davide Casaleggio". Repubblica.it. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.
^ "Il nuovo regolamento M5S e il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio nelle espulsioni - neXt Quotidiano". Nextquotidiano.it. 26 September 2016. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.
^
- Guy Dinmore. "Italy's Beppe Grillo battles to sustain anti-establishment message". Financial Times.
- Walter Kickert; Tiina Randma-Liiv (2015). Europe Managing the Crisis: The Politics of Fiscal Consolidation. Routledge. hlm. 263. ISBN 978-1-317-52570-7.
- Mackenzie, James (29 November 2014). "'Tired' Grillo overhauls leadership of Italy's 5-Star Movement". Reuters. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.
- Andrew Gamble; William Brett; Jacek Tomkiewicz (2014). "The Political Economy of Change in a Time of Political Crisis". Dalam John Eatwell; Pascal Petit; Terry McKinley. Challenges for Europe in the World, 2030. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 313. ISBN 978-1-4724-1925-5.
^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018). "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe.
^ John Hooper in Rome. "Parliamentary gridlock in Italy as Five Star Movement refuses to make deal". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.
^ Davide Torsello (2013). The New Environmentalism?: Civil Society and Corruption in the Enlarged EU. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 130. ISBN 978-1-4094-9511-6.
^
- Tom Lansford, ed. (2013). Political Handbook of the World 2013. SAGE Publications. hlm. 716. ISBN 978-1-4522-5825-6.
- Michael Day (22 February 2013). "Italian election: Surge in popularity for eurosceptic protest party headed by stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo raises fears in EU - Europe - World". The Independent. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.
- Munir Hussain (2016). The European Union: On the Verge of Global Political Leadership. Springer. hlm. 96. ISBN 978-981-10-2884-7.
- Ann-Catherine Jungar (2018). "Repercussions of right-wing populism for European integration". Dalam Ulf Bernitz; Moa Mårtensson; Thomas Persson; Lars Oxelheim. Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead. Edward Elgar Publishing. hlm. 60. ISBN 978-1-78643-667-2.

Bacaan lebih lanjut

Bigi Alessandro, Bonera Michelle, Bal Anjali (2015) Evaluating political party positioning over time: a proposed methodology. Journal of Public affairs, DOI: 10.1002
De Rosa, Rosanna (2013). Voice of the People or Cybercratic Centralism? The Italian case of Beppe Grillo and Movimento Cinque Stelle. Edition Donau-Universität Krems. hlm. 89–102.
Lanzone, Maria Elisabetta (2014). The "Post-Modern" Populism in Italy: The Case of the Five Star Movement. Emerald Group. hlm. 53–78.
Musiani, Francesca (2014). Avant-garde: Digital Movement or "Digital Sublime" Rhetoric? The Movimento 5 Stelle and the 2013 Italian Parliamentary Elections. Springer. hlm. 127–140.
Sæbø, Øystein; Braccini, Alession Maria; Federici, Tommaso (2015). From the Blogosphere into Real Politics: The Use of ICT by the Five Star Movement. Springer. hlm. 241–250.
Tronconi, Filippo (2015). Beppe Grillo's Five Star Movement. Organisation, Communication and Ideology. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4724-3663-4.

Pranala luar

Situs web resmi

[M5S-1] Andrea Bassi (12 March 2013). "M5s, ecco lo statuto del Movimento 5 stelle. L'atto costitutivo firmato a Cogoleto da Beppe Grillo, il nipote Enrico Grillo e il commercialista. Non compare il nome di Casaleggio". The Huffington Post.

[2] "M5S: Di Maio, Grillo sempre con noi, garante e risorsa - Politica". 12 January 2018.

[3] "M5S, arriva la nuova associazione: Di Maio è capo politico e tesoriere".

[4] "Risultati delle votazioni sul Non Statuto e il Regolamento del MoVimento 5 Stelle". beppegrillo.it. 28 October 2016.

[5] ttp://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44066711

[6] Populist Five Star Movement wins largest share of vote in Italian election, exit poll indicates

[7] Italy anti-establishment parties make big gains in election

[8] A top leader of Italy’s Five Star Movement: Why we won

[9] Can Beppe Grillo's internet democracy work?

[10] On Energy, Italy's Five Star Movement Could Rock The Boat

[11] Eurosceptic Italy in race to form majority government

[12] ttps://www.ft.com/content/553bcf9a-d326-11e6-b06b-680c49b4b4c0

[Populist-13] 
"Greece 'leaves behind the austerity that ruined it,' party leader vows after vote". CNN. 25 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 2 January 2015.

Maria Elizabetta Lanzone (2014). "The "post-modern" populism in Italy: The case of the Five Star Movement". Dalam Dwayne Woods; Barbara Wejnert. Many Faces of Populism: Current Perspectives. Emerald Group Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78350-257-8.

Paul Rowinski (2013). "Euroscepticism in the Berlusconi and Murdoch Press". Dalam Alec Charles. Media/Democracy: A Comparative Study. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. hlm. 77. ISBN 978-1-4438-5008-7.

John Foot (2014). Modern Italy. Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 223–226. ISBN 978-1-137-04192-0.

Emilie van Haute; Anika Gauja, ed. (2015). "List of party names and abbreviations". Party Members and Activists. Routledge. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-1-317-52432-8.

[14] "Greece 'leaves behind the austerity that ruined it,' party leader vows after vote". CNN. 25 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 2 January 2015.

[15] Maria Elizabetta Lanzone (2014). "The "post-modern" populism in Italy: The case of the Five Star Movement". Dalam Dwayne Woods; Barbara Wejnert. Many Faces of Populism: Current Perspectives. Emerald Group Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78350-257-8.

[16] Paul Rowinski (2013). "Euroscepticism in the Berlusconi and Murdoch Press". Dalam Alec Charles. Media/Democracy: A Comparative Study. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. hlm. 77. ISBN 978-1-4438-5008-7.

[17] John Foot (2014). Modern Italy. Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 223–226. ISBN 978-1-137-04192-0.

[18] Emilie van Haute; Anika Gauja, ed. (2015). "List of party names and abbreviations". Party Members and Activists. Routledge. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-1-317-52432-8.

[Viola2015-14] Donatella M. Viola (2015). "Italy". Dalam Donatella M. Viola. Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge. hlm. 113. ISBN 978-1-317-50363-7.

[15] "NOTIZIE IN DUE MINUTI". Corriere della Sera. 5 October 2009. hlm. 64. Diakses tanggal 27 May 2012.

[16] This party structure had no official name, but was quickly nicknamed Direttorio ("Directorate") by the Italian press. ANSA (28 novembre 2014). M5S supporters give thumbs up to Grillo directorate; ANSA (28 novembre 2014). Grillo è 'stanchino', nomina direttorio. Partito insorge.

[17] "Svolta di Grillo: "Sono il capo politico"".

[18] Di martedì 19 aprile 2016 (19 April 2016). "Chi comanda ora nel Movimento 5 Stelle? | Il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio". Polisblog.it. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.

[19] Altri articoli dalla categoria » (21 September 2016). "M5s, la prima volta di Davide Casaleggio". Repubblica.it. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.

[20] "Il nuovo regolamento M5S e il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio nelle espulsioni - neXt Quotidiano". Nextquotidiano.it. 26 September 2016. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-18.

[Anti-Establishment-21] 
Guy Dinmore. "Italy's Beppe Grillo battles to sustain anti-establishment message". Financial Times.

Walter Kickert; Tiina Randma-Liiv (2015). Europe Managing the Crisis: The Politics of Fiscal Consolidation. Routledge. hlm. 263. ISBN 978-1-317-52570-7.

Mackenzie, James (29 November 2014). "'Tired' Grillo overhauls leadership of Italy's 5-Star Movement". Reuters. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.

Andrew Gamble; William Brett; Jacek Tomkiewicz (2014). "The Political Economy of Change in a Time of Political Crisis". Dalam John Eatwell; Pascal Petit; Terry McKinley. Challenges for Europe in the World, 2030. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 313. ISBN 978-1-4724-1925-5.

[27] Guy Dinmore. "Italy's Beppe Grillo battles to sustain anti-establishment message". Financial Times.

[28] Walter Kickert; Tiina Randma-Liiv (2015). Europe Managing the Crisis: The Politics of Fiscal Consolidation. Routledge. hlm. 263. ISBN 978-1-317-52570-7.

[29] Mackenzie, James (29 November 2014). "'Tired' Grillo overhauls leadership of Italy's 5-Star Movement". Reuters. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.

[30] Andrew Gamble; William Brett; Jacek Tomkiewicz (2014). "The Political Economy of Change in a Time of Political Crisis". Dalam John Eatwell; Pascal Petit; Terry McKinley. Challenges for Europe in the World, 2030. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 313. ISBN 978-1-4724-1925-5.

[Nordsieck-22] Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018). "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe.

[Environmentalist-23] John Hooper in Rome. "Parliamentary gridlock in Italy as Five Star Movement refuses to make deal". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.

[Torsello2013-24] Davide Torsello (2013). The New Environmentalism?: Civil Society and Corruption in the Enlarged EU. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. hlm. 130. ISBN 978-1-4094-9511-6.

[Eurosceptic-25] 
Tom Lansford, ed. (2013). Political Handbook of the World 2013. SAGE Publications. hlm. 716. ISBN 978-1-4522-5825-6.

Michael Day (22 February 2013). "Italian election: Surge in popularity for eurosceptic protest party headed by stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo raises fears in EU - Europe - World". The Independent. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.

Munir Hussain (2016). The European Union: On the Verge of Global Political Leadership. Springer. hlm. 96. ISBN 978-981-10-2884-7.

Ann-Catherine Jungar (2018). "Repercussions of right-wing populism for European integration". Dalam Ulf Bernitz; Moa Mårtensson; Thomas Persson; Lars Oxelheim. Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead. Edward Elgar Publishing. hlm. 60. ISBN 978-1-78643-667-2.

[35] Tom Lansford, ed. (2013). Political Handbook of the World 2013. SAGE Publications. hlm. 716. ISBN 978-1-4522-5825-6.

[36] Michael Day (22 February 2013). "Italian election: Surge in popularity for eurosceptic protest party headed by stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo raises fears in EU - Europe - World". The Independent. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-14.

[37] Munir Hussain (2016). The European Union: On the Verge of Global Political Leadership. Springer. hlm. 96. ISBN 978-981-10-2884-7.

[38] Ann-Catherine Jungar (2018). "Repercussions of right-wing populism for European integration". Dalam Ulf Bernitz; Moa Mårtensson; Thomas Persson; Lars Oxelheim. Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead. Edward Elgar Publishing. hlm. 60. ISBN 978-1-78643-667-2.

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