Malam Guy Fawkes

Malam Guy Fawkes, juga disebut Hari Guy Fawkes, Malam Api Unggun dan Malam Kembang Api adalah sebuah perayaan tahunan yang dirayakan pada 5 November, terutama di Britania Raya. Sejarahnya dimulai dengan peristiwa 5 November 1605 O.S., saat Guy Fawkes, seorang anggota Gunpowder Plot, ditangkap saat menjaga bahan-bahan ledak yang ditempatkan di bawah Dewan Bangsawan. Karena Raja James I selamat dari upaya peledakan, orang-orang merayakan api unggun di seluruh London

Perayaan-perayaan di Istana Windsor karya Paul Sandby, ca 1776

Referensi

Catatan

Catatan kaki

Daftar pustaka

• Anon (1859), The law journal for the year 1832–1949, XXXVII, E. B. Ince 
• Berlant, Lauren Gail (1991), The anatomy of national fantasy: Hawthorne, Utopia, and everyday life, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-04377-7 
• Bohstedt, John (2010), The Politics of Provisions: Food Riots, Moral Economy, and Market Transition in England, C. 1550–1850, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7546-6581-6 
• Champion, Justin (2005), "5, Bonfire Night in Lewes", Gunpowder Plots: A Celebration of 400 Years of Bonfire Night, Penguin UK, ISBN 978-0-14-190933-2 
• Cressy, David (1992), "The Fifth of November Remembered", dalam Roy Porter, Myths of the English, Polity Press, ISBN 978-0-7456-0844-0 
• Davis, John Paul (2010), Pity for the Guy: A Biography of Guy Fawkes, Peter Owen Publishers, ISBN 978-0-7206-1349-0 
• Fraser, Antonia (2005) [1996], The Gunpowder Plot, Phoenix, ISBN 978-0-7538-1401-7 
• Fuchs, Lawrence H. (1990), The American kaleidoscope: race, ethnicity, and the civic culture, Wesleyan University Press, ISBN 978-0-8195-6250-0 
• Hutton, Ronald (2001), The stations of the sun: a history of the ritual year in Britain (edisi ke-reprinted, illustrated), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-285448-3 
• Kaufman, Jason Andrew (2009), The origins of Canadian and American political differences, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-03136-4 
• Opie, Iona and Peter (1961), The Language and Lore of Schoolchildren, Clarendon Press 
• Phillip, Arthur (1789), The Voyage of Governor Phillip To Botany Bay, John Stockdale 
• Pratt, Lynda (2006), Robert Southey and the contexts of English Romanticism, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7546-3046-3 
• Rogers, Nicholas (2003), Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-516896-9 
• Sharpe, J. A. (2005), Remember, remember: a cultural history of Guy Fawkes Day, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-01935-5 
• Tager, Jack (2001), Boston riots: three centuries of social violence, University Press of New England, ISBN 978-1-55553-461-5 
• Underdown, David (1987), Revel, riot, and rebellion: popular politics and culture in England 1603–1660 (edisi ke-reprinted, illustrated), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-285193-4 
• Young, Alfred F (1999), The shoemaker and the tea party memory and the American Revolution, Boston, ISBN 978-0-8070-7142-7 

Bacaan tambahan

• For information on Pope Day as it was observed in Boston, see 5th of November in Boston, The Bostonian Society 
• For information on Bonfires in Newfoundland and Labrador, see Bonfire Night, collections.mun.ca 
• To read further on England's tradition of Protestant holidays, see Cressy, David (1989), Bonfires and Bells: National Memory and the Protestant Calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-06940-4 . Cressy covers the same topic in Cressy, David (1994), "National Memory in Early Modern England", dalam John R. Gillis, Commemorations – The Politics of National Identity, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-02925-2 
• For anecdotal evidence of the origins of Guy Fawkes Night as celebrated in the Bahamas in the 1950s, see Crowley, Daniel J. (July 1958), "158. Guy Fawkes Day at Fresh Creek, Andros Island, Bahamas", Man, Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 58, hlm. 114–115, doi:10.2307/2796328, JSTOR 2796328 
• A short history of Guy Fawkes celebrations: Etherington, Jim (1993), Lewes Bonfire Night, SB Publications, ISBN 978-1-85770-050-3 
• Gardiner, Samuel Rawson (2009), History of England from the Accession of James I. to the Outbreak of the Civil War 1603–1642 (8), BiblioBazaar, LLC, ISBN 978-1-115-26650-5 
• For comments regarding the observance of the custom in the Caribbean, see Newall, Venetia (Spring 1975), "Black Britain: The Jamaicans and Their Folklore", Folklore, Taylor & Francis, on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, 86 (1), hlm. 25–41, doi:10.1080/0015587X.1975.9715997, JSTOR 1259683 
• A study of the political and social changes that affected Guy Fawkes Night: Paz, D. G. (1990), "Bonfire Night in Mid Victorian Northamptonshire: the Politics of a Popular Revel", Historical Research, 63 (152): 316–328, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1990.tb00892.x