Gerbang India (Mumbai)
Monumen lengkung yang terletak di kota Mumbai
Gerbang India adalah sebuah monumen lengkung yang dibangun pada awal abad kedua puluh yang terletak di kota Mumbai, di negara bagian Maharashtra, India. Gerbang ini dibangun untuk memperingati pendaratan raja Britania pertama di India; tibanya Raja-Kaisar George V dan Ratu-Ratu Maria di Apollo Bunder, Mumbai (saat itu Bombay) pada Desember 1911.
Gerbang India | |
---|---|
Informasi umum | |
Jenis | Pelengkung kemenangan |
Gaya arsitektur | Arsitektur Indo-Sarasenik |
Lokasi | Mumbai, Maharashtra |
Koordinat | 18°55′19″N 72°50′05″E / 18.9219°N 72.8346°E |
Mulai dibangun | 31 Maret 1913 |
Rampung | 1924 |
Diresmikan | 4 Desember 1924 |
Biaya | ₹21 lakh |
Pemilik | Badan Survei Arkeologi India |
Tinggi | 26 m (85 ft) |
Dimensions | |
Diameter | 15 meter (49 kaki) |
Desain dan konstruksi | |
Arsitek | George Wittet |
Firma arsitektur | Gammon India |
Tim renovasi | |
Arsitek | George Wittet |
Lihat pula
Catatan kaki
Referensi
Catatan dan laporan berita
Buku dan jurnal
- Civic Affairs. P. C. Kapoor at the Citizen Press. 1961.
- The Bombay Civic Journal. Municipal Corporation of Greater Bombay. 1975.
- A. K. Bag (2001). History of Technology in India. Indian National Science Academy.
- Ajoy Kumar Sen (1991). Tourism in India. Modern Book Agency.
- Anthony Hewitt (1993). Corridors of Time: Distant Footsteps Through the Empire 1914-1948. Pentland. ISBN 978-1-85821-092-6.
- B.K. Chaturvedi (2002). Tourist Centers Of India. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. ISBN 978-81-7182-137-2.
- B. Karunakar (7 December 2011). Corporate Champions: Excellent Companies of India. SAGE Publishing India. ISBN 978-81-321-1919-7.
- Bandyopadhyay, Ranjan; et al. (2008). "Religion and identity in India's heritage tourism". Annals of Tourism Research. 35 (3): 790–808. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2008.06.004.
- Berlitz (1 August 2017). Berlitz Pocket Guide India. Apa Publications. ISBN 978-1-78573-058-0.
- Bombay State Road Transport Corporation (1958). State Transport Review. 9.
- Mumbai - Cultural Life di Encyclopædia Britannica
- Charles Edward Trevelyan (1838). On the Education of the People of India. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans.
- Chatterji, Monojit (1997). "Gateway to the globe". The World Today. 53 (8/9): 233–234. JSTOR 40475975.
- DK Travel (1 October 2014). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide India. Dorling Kindersley Limited. ISBN 978-0-241-01348-9.
- de Bruyn, Pipa; et al. (4 March 2008). Frommer's India. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470556108.
- de Bruyn, Pipa; et al. (2010). Frommer's India. Wiley. ISBN 9780470556108.
- Deepa Gahlot (1 October 2015). Take-2: 50 Films That Deserve a New Audience. Hay House, Inc. ISBN 978-93-84544-85-0.
- Dupée, Jeffrey N. (2008). Traveling India in the Age of Gandhi. University Press of America. ISBN 9781461693116.
- Gillian Tindall (1992). City of Gold: The Biography of Bombay. Penguin Books India. ISBN 978-0-14-009500-5.
- Helio San Miguel (21 September 2012). World Film Locations: Mumbai. Intellect Books. ISBN 978-1-84150-679-1.
- Jagir Singh Bajwa; Ravinder Kaur (2007). Tourism Management. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-313-0047-3.
- Jan Morris (2005). Stones of Empire: The Buildings of the Raj. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280596-6.
- Kirpal Sigh Annie Mathew. Middle School Social Sciences. Frank Brothers. ISBN 978-81-8409-103-8.
- McGarr, Paul M. (2015). "'The Viceroys are Disappearing from the Roundabouts in Delhi': British symbols of power in post-colonial India". Modern Asian Studies. 49 (3): 787–831. doi:10.1017/s0026749x14000080.
- Melody S. Mis (15 December 2004). How to Draw India's Sights and Symbols. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4042-2732-3.
- Narasingha Prosad Sil (1997). Swami Vivekananda: A Reassessment. Susquehanna University Press. ISBN 978-0-945636-97-7.
- P. K. Agrawal. Indian Culture, Art and Heritage. Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-93-5266-926-4.
- Renu Saran (19 August 2014). Monuments of India. Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-5165-298-4.
- Sarina Singh (15 September 2010). Lonely Planet India. Lonely Planet Publications. ISBN 978-1-74220-347-8.
- Sharada Dwivedi; Rahul Mehrotra (1995). Bombay: The Cities Within. India Book House. ISBN 978-81-85028-80-4.
- Sharada Dwivedi; Rahul Mehrotra (1999). Fort walks: around Bombay's Fort area. Eminence Designs. ISBN 978-81-900602-3-3.
- Simon, Sherry; St-Pierre, Paul (2000). Changing the Terms: Translating in the Postcolonial Era. University of Ottawa Press. ISBN 978-0-7766-0524-1.
- Shobhna Gupta (2003). Monuments of India. Har-Anand Publications. ISBN 978-81-241-0926-7.
- Robert W. Bradnock (1994). South Asian Handbook. Trade & Travel Publications.
- Tejaswini Niranjana (8 January 1992). Siting Translation: History, Post-Structuralism, and the Colonial Context. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91136-9.
- Timothy H. Parsons (7 August 2014). The Second British Empire: In the Crucible of the Twentieth Century. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-3529-8.
- Tiwari, L. B.; et al. (2005). "Weathering impact on the colour of building stones of the 'Gateway of India' monument". Environmental Geology. 48 (6): 788–794. Bibcode:2005EnGeo..48..788T. doi:10.1007/s00254-005-0020-4.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Gateway of India.
- Interactive 360° imagery of the gateway
- OpenStreetMap memiliki data geografis tentang Gerbang India (Mumbai)