Remdesivir

Remdesivir
Nama sistematis (IUPAC)
	(2S)-2-{(2R,3S,4R,5R)-[5-(4-Aminopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-7-yl)-5-cyano-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethoxy]phenoxy-(S)-phosphorylamino}propionic acid 2-ethyl-butyl ester
Data klinis
Kat. kehamilan	?
Status hukum	? (US)
Pengenal
Nomor CAS	1809249-37-3
Kode ATC	?
ChemSpider	58827832
KEGG	D11472
Sinonim	GS-5734
Data kimia
Rumus	C27H35N6O8P
	InChI InChI=1S/C27H35N6O8P/c1-4-18(5-2)13-38-26(36)17(3)32-42(37,41-19-9-7-6-8-10-19)39-14-21-23(34)24(35)27(15-28,40-21)22-12-11-20-25(29)30-16-31-33(20)22/h6-12,16-18,21,23-24,34-35H,4-5,13-14H2,1-3H3,(H,32,37)(H2,29,30,31)/t17-,21+,23+,24+,27-,42-/m0/s1; Key:RWWYLEGWBNMMLJ-YSOARWBDSA-N;

Remdesivir (kode pengembangan "GS-5734") adalah obat antivirus, sebuah prodrug analog nukleotida baru, yang dikembangkan oleh perusahaan bioteknologi Gilead Sciences sebagai pengobatan untuk infeksi penyakit virus Ebola dan virus Marburg, meskipun ditemukan juga aktivitas antivirus yang wajar terhadap virus yang terkait seperti virus pernapasan respirasi, virus Junin, virus demam Lassa, dan virus kor-MERS.^[1]

Ketika Wabah virus Ebola di Afrika Barat merebak tahun 2013-2016, remdesivir segera didorong untuk menjalani uji klinis, yang akhirnya digunakan setidaknya kepada satu pasien manusia, meskipun remdesivir baru dalam tahap awal pengembangan pada saat itu. Hasilnya cukup menjanjikan, dan digunakan secara darurat ketika merebak Wabah Ebola Kivu 2018–2019 sambil dilakukan uji klinis lebih lanjut, hingga Agustus 2019, ketika pejabat kesehatan Kongo mengumumkan bahwa remdesivir tidak efektif dibandingkan dengan obat lainnya seperti mAb114 dan obat dari Regeneron Pharmaceuticals yang memproduksi REGN3470-3471-3479 (kemudian disebut REGN-EB3).^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Remdesivir dapat membantu melindungi terjadinya infeksi akibat virus Nipah dan Hendra,^[10]^[11] demikian juga terhadap koronavirus, SARS,^[12] dan infeksi 2019-nCoV.^[13]

Referensi

^ Agostini ML, Andres EL, Sims AC, Graham RL, Sheahan TP, Lu X, et al. (March 2018). "Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease". mBio. 9 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.00221-18. PMC 5844999  . PMID 29511076.
^ Preidt R (June 29, 2017). "Experimental Drug Shows Promise Against Dangerous Viruses: Medicine worked in lab tests against germs that cause SARS and MERS infections". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 July 2017.
^ Cihlar T (20 October 2015). "Discovery and Development of GS-5734, a Novel Nucleotide Prodrug with Broad Spectrum Anti-Filovirus Activity". FANG-WHO Workshop, Fort Detrick, MD. Gilead Sciences.
^ Warren T, Jordan R, Lo M, Soloveva V, Ray A, Bannister R, et al. (Fall 2015). "Nucleotide Prodrug GS-5734 Is a Broad-Spectrum Filovirus Inhibitor That Provides Complete Therapeutic Protection Against the Development of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Infected Non-human Primates". Open Forum Infect Dis. 2. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofv130.02.
^ Warren TK, Jordan R, Lo MK, Ray AS, Mackman RL, Soloveva V, et al. (March 2016). "Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys". Nature. 531 (7594): 381–5. Bibcode:2016Natur.531..381W. doi:10.1038/nature17180. PMC 5551389  . PMID 26934220.
^ Jacobs M, Rodger A, Bell DJ, Bhagani S, Cropley I, Filipe A, et al. (July 2016). "Late Ebola virus relapse causing meningoencephalitis: a case report". Lancet. 388 (10043): 498–503. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30386-5. PMC 4967715  . PMID 27209148.
^ "Ebola Treatment Trials Launched In Democratic Republic Of The Congo Amid Outbreak". NPR.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-05-28.
^ McNeil, Jr., Donald G. (12 August 2019). "A Cure for Ebola? Two New Treatments Prove Highly Effective in Congo". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal 13 August 2019.
^ Molteni M (12 August 2019). "Ebola is Now Curable. Here's How The New Treatments Work". Wired. Diakses tanggal 13 August 2019.
^ "Experimental Ebola drug 'remdesivir' may help protect against Nipah virus, say scientists". 3 June 2019.
^ "Scientists Claim Drug Designed to Beat Ebola Also Fights Off Nipah". 2 June 2019.
^ Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Graham RL, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Case JB, Leist SR, Pyrc K, Feng JY, Trantcheva I, Bannister R, Park Y, Babusis D, Clarke MO, Mackman RL, Spahn JE, Palmiotti CA, Siegel D, Ray AS, Cihlar T, Jordan R, Denison MR, Baric RS (June 2017). "Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses". Science Translational Medicine. 9 (396). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653. PMC 5567817  . PMID 28659436.
^ "Coronavirus Vaccine Candidate Eyed for Human Trials by April". 22 January 2020. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2020.

[1] Agostini ML, Andres EL, Sims AC, Graham RL, Sheahan TP, Lu X, et al. (March 2018). "Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease". mBio. 9 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.00221-18. PMC 5844999  . PMID 29511076.

[2] Preidt R (June 29, 2017). "Experimental Drug Shows Promise Against Dangerous Viruses: Medicine worked in lab tests against germs that cause SARS and MERS infections". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 July 2017.

[3] Cihlar T (20 October 2015). "Discovery and Development of GS-5734, a Novel Nucleotide Prodrug with Broad Spectrum Anti-Filovirus Activity". FANG-WHO Workshop, Fort Detrick, MD. Gilead Sciences.

[4] Warren T, Jordan R, Lo M, Soloveva V, Ray A, Bannister R, et al. (Fall 2015). "Nucleotide Prodrug GS-5734 Is a Broad-Spectrum Filovirus Inhibitor That Provides Complete Therapeutic Protection Against the Development of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Infected Non-human Primates". Open Forum Infect Dis. 2. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofv130.02.

[5] Warren TK, Jordan R, Lo MK, Ray AS, Mackman RL, Soloveva V, et al. (March 2016). "Therapeutic efficacy of the small molecule GS-5734 against Ebola virus in rhesus monkeys". Nature. 531 (7594): 381–5. Bibcode:2016Natur.531..381W. doi:10.1038/nature17180. PMC 5551389  . PMID 26934220.

[6] Jacobs M, Rodger A, Bell DJ, Bhagani S, Cropley I, Filipe A, et al. (July 2016). "Late Ebola virus relapse causing meningoencephalitis: a case report". Lancet. 388 (10043): 498–503. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30386-5. PMC 4967715  . PMID 27209148.

[7] "Ebola Treatment Trials Launched In Democratic Republic Of The Congo Amid Outbreak". NPR.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-05-28.

[McNeilNYT-8] McNeil, Jr., Donald G. (12 August 2019). "A Cure for Ebola? Two New Treatments Prove Highly Effective in Congo". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal 13 August 2019.

[MolteniWired-9] Molteni M (12 August 2019). "Ebola is Now Curable. Here's How The New Treatments Work". Wired. Diakses tanggal 13 August 2019.

[10] "Experimental Ebola drug 'remdesivir' may help protect against Nipah virus, say scientists". 3 June 2019.

[11] "Scientists Claim Drug Designed to Beat Ebola Also Fights Off Nipah". 2 June 2019.

[pmid28659436-12] Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Graham RL, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE, Case JB, Leist SR, Pyrc K, Feng JY, Trantcheva I, Bannister R, Park Y, Babusis D, Clarke MO, Mackman RL, Spahn JE, Palmiotti CA, Siegel D, Ray AS, Cihlar T, Jordan R, Denison MR, Baric RS (June 2017). "Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses". Science Translational Medicine. 9 (396). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653. PMC 5567817  . PMID 28659436.

[13] "Coronavirus Vaccine Candidate Eyed for Human Trials by April". 22 January 2020. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2020.

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