Inkulturasi (Katolik)

Inkulturasi adalah sebuah istilah yang digunakan di dalam paham Kristiani, terutama dalam Gereja Katolik Roma, yang merujuk pada adaptasi dari ajaran-ajaran Gereja pada saat diajukan pada kebudayaan-kebudayaan non-Kristiani, dan untuk mempengaruhi kebudayaan-kebudayaan tersebut pada evolusi ajaran-ajaran gereja.

Latar belakang

Kehidupan bersama antara paham Kristiani dan kebudayaan lain dimulai semenjak masa kerasulan. Yesus memerintahkan murid-muridnya untuk menyebarkan ajaran-Nya hingga ke ujung bumi (Injil Markus 28:28; 16; 15) sebelum kenaikan-Nya ke surga namun tidak memberi tahu bagaimana caranya.^[1] Pidato Santo Paulus kepada orang-orang Yunani di Aeropagus di Athena (Kitab Kisah Para Rasul 17:22-33) bisa dianggap sebagai usaha inkulturasi yang pertama. Pidato itu tidak diterima dengan baik, menurut ayat 32: "Ketika mereka mendengar tentang kebangkitan orang mati, maka ada yang mengejek."^[2] Pada atau sekitar tahun 50, para rasul bertemy dalam Konsili Gereja pertama, Konsili Yerusalem, untuk menentukan apakah akan menyertakan orang-orang non-Yahudi dan memadukan kebudayaan orang-orang tersebut.^[3]^[4] Di Konsili Yerusalem ini diresmikan bahwa orang-orang Yahudi dan non-Yahudi bisa diterima sebagai umat Kristiani.

Referensi

^ Franzen Kirchengeschichte, 18
^ (ESV)
^ McManners, Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity (2002), p. 37, Chapter 1 The Early Christian Community subsection entitled "Rome", quote: "In Acts 15 scripture recorded the apostles meeting in synod to reach a common policy about the Gentile mission."
^ McManners, Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity (2002), pp. 37–8, Chapter 1 The Early Christian Community subsection entitled "Rome", quote: "The 'synod' or, in Latin, 'council' (the modern distinction making a synod something less than a council was unknown in antiquity) became an indispensable way of keeping a common mind, and helped to keep maverick individuals from centrifugal tendencies. During the third century synodal government became so developed that synods used to meet not merely at times of crisis but on a regular basis every year, normally between Easter and Pentecost."

Pranala

August Franzen Church history, Kirchengeschichte, Herder Freiburg, 1988
Schineller, Peter. A Handbook on Inculturation. New York, 1990.
Shorter, Aylward. Toward a Theology of Inculturation. Maryknoll, NY, 1988.

Pranala luar

Jesus Living in Mary: Handbook of the Spirituality of St. Louis de Montfort. Chapter: "Inculturation"
Translation and Inculturation in the Catholic Church by Stephen M. Beall

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[1] Franzen Kirchengeschichte, 18

[2] (ESV)

[McManners37-3] McManners, Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity (2002), p. 37, Chapter 1 The Early Christian Community subsection entitled "Rome", quote: "In Acts 15 scripture recorded the apostles meeting in synod to reach a common policy about the Gentile mission."

[McManners371-4] McManners, Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity (2002), pp. 37–8, Chapter 1 The Early Christian Community subsection entitled "Rome", quote: "The 'synod' or, in Latin, 'council' (the modern distinction making a synod something less than a council was unknown in antiquity) became an indispensable way of keeping a common mind, and helped to keep maverick individuals from centrifugal tendencies. During the third century synodal government became so developed that synods used to meet not merely at times of crisis but on a regular basis every year, normally between Easter and Pentecost."

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