Gempa bumi Spitak 1988
Gempa bumi Spitak adalah gempa tremor dengan kekuatan sebesar 6.9 Skala Richter,[3] yang terjadi pada tanggal 7 Desember 1988 pada pukul 11:41 di wilayah Spitak di Armenia, yang merupakan bagian dari Uni Soviet pada saat itu.[1] Gempa ini menewaskan sekitar 25.000 orang.[2]
| Waktu UTC | ?? |
|---|---|
| ISC | |
| USGS-ANSS | |
| Tanggal * | 7 Desember 1988 |
| Tanggal setempat | |
| Waktu setempat | |
| Kekuatan | 10-11 [1] |
| Episentrum | 40°30′N 44°10′E / 40.50°N 44.16°E |
| Wilayah bencana | Leninakan, Spitak,  Armenian SSR |
| Korban | At least 25,000 dead [2] |
| * Usang | Lihat dokumentasi. |
Pranala luar
- "Out of the Ruins" 20th Anniversary Documentary Film released on DVD.
- Earthquake Zone Then and Now: Images
- The USAID Earthquake Zone Recovery Program Diarsipkan 2007-08-07 di Wayback Machine.
- BBC:On this day December 10, 1988
- Armenia Earthquake of 1988 Diarsipkan 2007-10-14 di Wayback Machine.
- Soviet Union Vision of Horror Diarsipkan 2008-05-14 di Wayback Machine.
Referensi
- ^ a b In the Soviet Union, the method of recording the magnitude of earthquakes was different that the more commonly used Richter Scale. The earthquake in Spitak, as defined in the Soviet Encyclopedia, fell between "annihilating" to "catastrophe" which scored as a 10 or an 11 on the Soviet scale. A "10" was described as "great cracks in the earth. Landslides and avalanches" whereas an "11" was described as "wide cracks in the earth. Many landslides and avalanches. Stone houses completely destroyed." For more information on the Soviet grading scale, see Yuri Rost's The Armenian Tragedy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990, 193 ISBN 0-312-04611-1.
- ^ a b Service, Robert (2003). A History of Modern Russia: From Nicholas II to Vladimir Putin. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. hlm. 468–469. ISBN 067401801X.
- ^ National Geophysical Data Center. Earthquake Damage, the Armenian SSR, December 7, 1988. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
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