Wikipedia

Hakim Agung Amerika Serikat

Revisi sejak 24 Desember 2021 00.54 oleh Medelam (bicara | kontrib)

Hakim Agung Amerika Serikat adalah para anggota Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat selain Ketua Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat. Jumlah Hakim Pembantu ditentukan oleh Kongres Amerika Serikat dan saat ini ditetapkan berjumlah delapan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Kehakiman 1869.[1]

Hakim Agung saat ini

Saat ini ada delapan hakim agung di Mahkamah Agung. Para hakim di bawah ini diurutkan berdasarkan senioritas:

Daftar hakim

Sejak Mahkamah Agung didirikan pada tahun 1789, 103 orang berikut telah menjabat sebagai hakim agung:[10][11]

Hakim Agung Menggantikan Tanggal penetapan
(Pemungutan suara) 		Periode[a] Ditunjuk oleh
1   John Rutledge posisi baru 01789-09-26September 26, 1789
(aklamasi) 		01790-02-15February 15, 1790
–
March 4, 1791
(Resigned)[b] 		George Washington
2   William Cushing[c] posisi baru 01789-09-26September 26, 1789
(aklamasi) 		01790-02-02February 2, 1790
–
September 13, 1810
(Died)
3   James Wilson posisi baru 01789-09-26September 26, 1789
(aklamasi) 		01789-10-05October 5, 1789
–
August 21, 1798
(Died)
4   John Blair posisi baru 01789-09-26September 26, 1789
(aklamasi) 		01790-02-02 February 2, 1790
–
October 25, 1795
(Resigned)
5   James Iredell posisi baru 01790-02-10February 10, 1790
(aklamasi) 		01790-05-12May 12, 1790
–
October 20, 1799
(Died)
6   Thomas Johnson J. Rutledge 01791-11-07November 7, 1791
(aklamasi) 		01792-08-06August 6, 1792[d]
–
January 16, 1793
(Resigned)
7   William Paterson T. Johnson 01793-03-04March 4, 1793
(aklamasi) 		01793-03-11March 11, 1793
–
September 8, 1806
(Died)
8   Samuel Chase[e] Blair 01796-01-27January 27, 1796
(aklamasi) 		01796-02-04February 4, 1796
–
June 19, 1811
(Died)
9   Bushrod Washington Wilson 01798-12-20December 20, 1798
(aklamasi) 		01798-11-09November 9, 1798[d]
–
November 26, 1829
(Died) 		John Adams
10   Alfred Moore Iredell 01799-12-09December 9, 1799
(aklamasi) 		01800-04-21April 21, 1800
–
January 26, 1804
(Resigned)
11   William Johnson Moore 01804-03-24March 24, 1804
(aklamasi) 		01804-05-07May 7, 1804
–
August 4, 1834
(Died) 		Thomas Jefferson
12   Henry Brockholst Livingston Paterson 01806-12-17December 17, 1806
(aklamasi) 		01807-01-20January 20, 1807[d]
–
March 18, 1823
(Died)
13   Thomas Todd posisi baru 01807-03-02March 2, 1807
(aklamasi) 		01807-03-04March 4, 1807
–
February 7, 1826
(Died)
14   Gabriel Duvall Chase 01811-11-18November 18, 1811
(aklamasi) 		01811-11-23November 23, 1811
–
January 12, 1835
(Resigned) 		James Madison
15   Joseph Story Cushing 01811-11-18November 18, 1811
(aklamasi) 		01812-02-03February 3, 1812
–
September 10, 1845
(Died)
16   Smith Thompson Livingston 01823-12-09December 9, 1823
(aklamasi) 		01823-09-01September 1, 1823[d]
–
December 18, 1843
(Died) 		James Monroe
17   Robert Trimble Todd 01826-05-09May 9, 1826
(25–5) 		01826-06-16June 16, 1826
–
August 25, 1828
(Died) 		John Quincy Adams
18   John McLean Trimble 01829-03-07March 7, 1829
(aklamasi) 		01830-01-11January 11, 1830
–
April 4, 1861
(Died) 		Andrew Jackson
19   Henry Baldwin Washington 01830-01-06January 6, 1830
(41–2) 		01830-01-18January 18, 1830
–
April 21, 1844
(Died)
20   James Moore Wayne W. Johnson 01835-01-09January 9, 1835
(aklamasi) 		01835-01-14January 14, 1835
–
July 5, 1867
(Died)
21   Philip P. Barbour Duvall 01836-03-15March 15, 1836
(30–11) 		01836-05-12May 12, 1836
–
February 25, 1841
(Died)
22   John Catron posisi baru 01837-03-08March 8, 1837
(28–15) 		01837-05-01May 1, 1837
–
May 30, 1865
(Died)
23   John McKinley posisi baru 01837-09-25September 25, 1837
(aklamasi) 		01838-01-09January 9, 1838[d]
–
July 19, 1852
(Died) 		Martin Van Buren
24   Peter Vivian Daniel Barbour 01841-03-02March 2, 1841
(25–5) 		01842-01-10January 10, 1842
–
May 31, 1860
(Died)
25   Samuel Nelson Thompson 01845-02-14February 14, 1845
(aklamasi) 		01845-02-27February 27, 1845
–
November 28, 1872
(Retired) 		John Tyler
26   Levi Woodbury Story 01846-01-31January 31, 1846
(aklamasi) 		01845-09-23September 23, 1845[d]
–
September 4, 1851
(Died) 		James K. Polk
27   Robert Cooper Grier Baldwin 01846-08-04August 4, 1846
(aklamasi) 		01846-08-10August 10, 1846
–
January 31, 1870
(Retired)
28   Benjamin Robbins Curtis Woodbury 01851-12-20December 20, 1851
(aklamasi) 		01851-10-10October 10, 1851[d]
–
September 30, 1857
(Resigned) 		Millard Fillmore
29   John Archibald Campbell McKinley 01853-03-22March 22, 1853
(aklamasi) 		01853-04-11April 11, 1853
–
April 30, 1861
(Resigned) 		Franklin Pierce
30   Nathan Clifford Curtis 01858-01-12January 12, 1858
(26–23) 		01858-01-21January 21, 1858
–
July 25, 1881
(Died) 		James Buchanan
31   Noah Haynes Swayne McLean 01862-01-24January 24, 1862
(38–1) 		01862-01-27January 27, 1862
–
January 24, 1881
(Retired) 		Abraham Lincoln
32   Samuel Freeman Miller Daniel 01862-07-16July 16, 1862
(aklamasi) 		01862-07-21July 21, 1862
–
October 13, 1890
(Died) 		Lawyer,
Private practice
33   David Davis Campbell 01862-12-08December 8, 1862
(aklamasi) 		01862-12-10December 10, 1862[d]
–
March 3, 1877
(Resigned) 		Judge of the
Illinois 3rd Circuit Court
(1848–1862)
34   Stephen Johnson Field posisi baru 01863-03-10March 10, 1863
(aklamasi) 		01863-05-20May 20, 1863
–
December 1, 1897
(Retired) 		5th
chief justice of California
(1859–1863)
35   William Strong Grier 01870-02-18February 18, 1870
(aklamasi) 		01870-03-14March 14, 1870
–
December 14, 1880
(Retired) 		Ulysses S. Grant U.S. representative for
Pennsylvania's 9th district
(1847–1851)
36   Joseph P. Bradley posisi baru 01870-03-21March 21, 1870
(46–9) 		01870-03-23March 23, 1870
–
January 22, 1892
(Died) 		Lawyer,
Private practice
37   Ward Hunt Nelson 01872-12-11December 11, 1872
(aklamasi) 		01873-01-09January 9, 1873
–
January 27, 1882
(Retired) 		Chief Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
(1868–1872)
38   John Marshall Harlan Davis 01877-12-10December 10, 1877
(aklamasi) 		01877-11-29November 29, 1877
–
October 14, 1911
(Died) 		Rutherford B. Hayes
39   William Burnham Woods Strong 01880-12-21December 21, 1880
(39–8) 		01881-01-05January 5, 1881
–
May 14, 1887
(Died)
40   Stanley Matthews Swayne 01881-05-12May 12, 1881
(24–23) 		01881-05-17May 17, 1881
–
March 22, 1889
(Died) 		James A. Garfield
41   Horace Gray Clifford 01881-12-20December 20, 1881
(51–5) 		01882-01-09January 9, 1882
–
September 15, 1902
(Died) 		Chester A. Arthur
42   Samuel Blatchford Hunt 01882-03-22March 22, 1882
(aklamasi) 		01882-04-03April 3, 1882
–
July 7, 1893
(Died)
43   Lucius Quintus
Cincinnatus Lamar II 		Woods 01888-01-16January 16, 1888
(32–28) 		01888-01-18January 18, 1888
–
January 23, 1893
(Died) 		Grover Cleveland
44   David Josiah Brewer Matthews 01889-12-18December 18, 1889
(53–11) 		01890-01-06January 6, 1890
–
March 28, 1910
(Died) 		Benjamin Harrison
45   Henry Billings Brown Miller 01890-12-29December 29, 1890
(aklamasi) 		01891-01-05January 5, 1891
–
May 28, 1906
(Retired)
46   George Shiras Jr. Bradley 01892-07-26July 26, 1892
(aklamasi) 		01892-10-10October 10, 1892
–
February 23, 1903
(Retired) 		Lawyer,
Private practice
47   Howell Edmunds Jackson L. Lamar 01893-02-18February 18, 1893
(aklamasi) 		01893-03-04March 4, 1893
–
August 8, 1895
(Died)
48   Edward Douglass White Blatchford 01894-02-19February 19, 1894
(aklamasi) 		01894-03-12March 12, 1894
–
December 18, 1910
(Continued as chief justice)[f] 		Grover Cleveland
49   Rufus W. Peckham H. Jackson 01895-12-09December 9, 1895
(aklamasi) 		01896-01-06January 6, 1896
–
October 24, 1909
(Died) 		Associate Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
50   Joseph McKenna Field 01898-01-21January 21, 1898
(aklamasi) 		01898-01-26January 26, 1898
–
January 5, 1925
(Retired) 		William McKinley 42nd
United States attorney general
(1897–1898)
51   Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. Gray 01902-12-04December 4, 1902
(aklamasi) 		01902-12-08December 8, 1902
–
January 12, 1932
(Retired) 		Theodore Roosevelt
52   William R. Day Shiras 01903-02-23February 23, 1903
(aklamasi) 		01903-03-02March 2, 1903
–
November 13, 1922
(Retired)
53   William Henry Moody Brown 01906-12-12December 12, 1906
(aklamasi) 		01906-12-17December 17, 1906
–
November 20, 1910
(Retired)
54   Horace Harmon Lurton Peckham 01909-12-20December 20, 1909
(aklamasi) 		01910-01-03January 3, 1910
–
July 12, 1914
(Died) 		William Howard Taft
55   Charles Evans Hughes Brewer 01910-05-02May 2, 1910
(aklamasi) 		01910-10-10October 10, 1910
–
June 10, 1916
(Resigned)[g] 		36th
governor of New York
(1907–1910)
56   Willis Van Devanter E. White 01910-12-15December 15, 1910
(aklamasi) 		01911-01-03January 3, 1911
–
June 2, 1937
(Retired) 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1903–1910)
57   Joseph Rucker Lamar Moody 01910-12-15December 15, 1910
(aklamasi) 		01911-01-03January 3, 1911
–
January 2, 1916
(Died) 		Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court of Georgia
(1901–1905)
58   Mahlon Pitney J. Harlan 01912-03-13March 13, 1912
(50–26) 		01912-03-18March 18, 1912
–
December 31, 1922
(Resigned) 		U.S. representative for
New Jersey's 4th district
(1895–1899)
59   James Clark McReynolds Lurton 01914-08-29August 29, 1914
(44–6) 		01914-10-12October 12, 1914
–
January 31, 1941
(Retired) 		Woodrow Wilson 48th
United States attorney general
(1913–1914)
60   Louis Brandeis J. Lamar 01916-06-01June 1, 1916
(47–22) 		01916-06-05June 5, 1916
–
February 13, 1939
(Retired)
61   John Hessin Clarke Hughes 01916-07-24July 24, 1916
(aklamasi) 		01916-10-09October 9, 1916
–
September 5, 1922
(Retired)
62   George Sutherland Clarke 01922-09-05September 5, 1922
(aklamasi) 		01922-10-02October 2, 1922
–
January 17, 1938
(Retired) 		Warren G. Harding
63   Pierce Butler Day 01922-12-21December 21, 1922
(61–8) 		01923-01-02January 2, 1923
–
November 16, 1939
(Died)
64   Edward Terry Sanford Pitney 01923-01-29January 29, 1923
(aklamasi) 		01923-02-19February 19, 1923
–
March 8, 1930
(Died) 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Middle District of Tennessee
(1908–1923)
65   Harlan F. Stone McKenna 01925-02-05February 5, 1925
(71–6) 		01925-03-02March 2, 1925
–
July 3, 1941
(Continued as chief justice)[h] 		Calvin Coolidge 52nd
United States attorney general
(1924–1925)
66   Owen Roberts Sanford 01930-05-20May 20, 1930
(aklamasi) 		01930-06-02June 2, 1930
–
July 31, 1945
(Resigned) 		Herbert Hoover Assistant District Attorney for Philadelphia
67   Benjamin N. Cardozo Holmes 01932-02-24February 24, 1932
(aklamasi) 		01932-03-14March 14, 1932
–
July 9, 1938
(Died) 		Chief Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
(1927–1932)
68   Hugo Black Van Devanter 01937-08-17August 17, 1937
(63–16) 		01937-08-19August 19, 1937
–
September 17, 1971
(Retired) 		Franklin D. Roosevelt United States senator
from Alabama
(1927–1937)
69   Stanley Forman Reed Sutherland 01938-01-25January 25, 1938
(aklamasi) 		01938-01-31January 31, 1938
–
February 25, 1957
(Retired)
70   Felix Frankfurter Cardozo 01939-01-17January 17, 1939
(aklamasi) 		01939-01-30January 30, 1939
–
August 28, 1962
(Retired)
71   William O. Douglas Brandeis 01939-04-04April 4, 1939
(62–4) 		01939-04-17April 17, 1939
–
November 12, 1975
(Retired)
72   Frank Murphy Butler 01940-01-16January 16, 1940
(aklamasi) 		01940-02-05February 5, 1940
–
July 19, 1949
(Died)
73   James F. Byrnes McReynolds 01941-06-12June 12, 1941
(aklamasi) 		01941-07-08July 8, 1941
–
October 3, 1942
(Resigned)
74   Robert H. Jackson Stone 01941-07-07July 7, 1941
(aklamasi) 		01941-07-11July 11, 1941
–
October 9, 1954
(Died) 		57th
United States attorney general
(1940–1941)
75   Wiley Blount Rutledge Byrnes 01943-02-08February 8, 1943
(aklamasi) 		01943-02-15February 15, 1943
–
September 10, 1949
(Died) 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1939–1943)
76   Harold Hitz Burton Roberts 01945-09-19September 19, 1945
(aklamasi) 		01945-10-01October 1, 1945
–
October 13, 1958
(Retired) 		Harry S. Truman United States senator
from Ohio
(1941–1945)
77   Tom C. Clark Murphy 01949-08-18August 18, 1949
(73–8) 		01949-08-24August 24, 1949
–
June 12, 1967
(Retired) 		59th
United States attorney general
(1945–1949)
78   Sherman Minton W. Rutledge 01949-10-12October 12, 1949
(48–16) 		01949-10-12October 12, 1949
–
October 15, 1956
(Retired) 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit
(1941–1949)
79   John Marshall Harlan R. Jackson 01955-03-16March 16, 1955
(71–11) 		01955-03-28March 28, 1955
–
September 23, 1971
(Retired) 		Dwight D. Eisenhower Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Second Circuit
(1954–1955)
80   William J. Brennan Jr. Minton 01957-03-19March 19, 1957
(aklamasi) 		01956-10-15October 15, 1956[d]
–
July 20, 1990
(Retired)
81   Charles Evans Whittaker Reed 01957-03-19March 19, 1957
(aklamasi) 		01957-03-25March 25, 1957
–
March 31, 1962
(Resigned)
82   Potter Stewart Burton 01959-05-05May 5, 1959
(70–17) 		01958-10-14October 14, 1958[d]
–
July 3, 1981
(Retired)
83   Byron White Whittaker 01962-04-11April 11, 1962
(aklamasi) 		01962-04-16April 16, 1962
–
June 28, 1993
(Retired) 		John F. Kennedy
84   Arthur Goldberg Frankfurter 01962-09-25September 25, 1962
(aklamasi) 		01962-10-01October 1, 1962
–
July 26, 1965
(Resigned) 		9th
United States secretary of labor
(1961–1962)
85   Abe Fortas Goldberg 01965-08-11August 11, 1965
(aklamasi) 		01965-10-04October 4, 1965
–
May 14, 1969
(Resigned) 		Lyndon B. Johnson United States under secretary of the interior
86   Thurgood Marshall Clark 01967-08-30August 30, 1967
(69–11) 		01967-10-02October 2, 1967
–
October 1, 1991
(Retired) 		32nd
solicitor general of the United States
(1965–1967)
87   Harry Blackmun Fortas 01970-05-12May 12, 1970
(94–0) 		01970-06-09June 9, 1970
–
August 3, 1994
(Retired) 		Richard Nixon Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1959–1970)
88   Lewis F. Powell Jr. Black 01971-12-06December 6, 1971
(89–1) 		01972-01-07January 7, 1972
–
June 26, 1987
(Retired) 		President of the
American Bar Association
(1964–1965)
89   William Rehnquist J. Harlan II 01971-12-10December 10, 1971
(68–26) 		01972-01-07January 7, 1972
–
September 26, 1986
(Continued as chief justice)[i] 		United States assistant attorney general
for the Office of Legal Counsel
(1969–1971)
90   John Paul Stevens Douglas 01975-12-17December 17, 1975
(98–0) 		01975-12-19December 19, 1975
–
June 29, 2010
(Retired) 		Gerald Ford Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit
(1970–1975)
91   Sandra Day O'Connor Stewart 01981-09-21September 21, 1981
(99–0) 		01981-09-25September 25, 1981
–
January 31, 2006
(Retired) 		Ronald Reagan Judge of the
Arizona Court of Appeals
(1979–1981)
92   Antonin Scalia Rehnquist 01986-09-17September 17, 1986
(98–0) 		01986-09-26September 26, 1986
–
February 13, 2016
(Died) 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1982–1986)
93   Anthony Kennedy Powell 01988-02-03February 3, 1988
(97–0) 		01988-02-18February 18, 1988
–
July 31, 2018
(Retired) 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Ninth Circuit
(1975–1988)
94   David Souter Brennan 01990-10-02October 2, 1990
(90–9) 		01990-10-09October 9, 1990
–
June 29, 2009
(Retired) 		George H. W. Bush Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the First Circuit
(1990)
95   Clarence Thomas Marshall 01991-10-15October 15, 1991
(52–48) 		01991-10-23October 23, 1991
–
petahana
96   Ruth Bader Ginsburg B. White 01993-08-03August 3, 1993
(96–3) 		01993-08-10August 10, 1993
–
02020-09-18September 18, 2020
(Died) 		Bill Clinton
97   Stephen Breyer Blackmun 01994-07-29July 29, 1994
(87–9) 		01994-08-03August 3, 1994
–
petahana
98   Samuel Alito O'Connor 02006-01-31January 31, 2006
(58–42) 		02006-01-31January 31, 2006
–
petahana 		George W. Bush
99   Sonia Sotomayor Souter 02009-08-06August 6, 2009
(68–31) 		02009-08-08August 8, 2009
–
petahana 		Barack Obama
100   Elena Kagan Stevens 02010-08-05August 5, 2010
(63–37) 		02010-08-07August 7, 2010
–
petahana 		45th
solicitor general of the United States
(2009–2010)
101   Neil Gorsuch Scalia 02017-04-07April 7, 2017
(54–45) 		02017-04-10April 10, 2017
–
petahana 		Donald Trump Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Tenth Circuit
(2006–2017)
102   Brett Kavanaugh Kennedy 02018-10-06October 6, 2018
(50–48) 		02018-10-06October 6, 2018
–
petahana
103   Amy Coney Barrett Ginsburg 02020-10-26October 26, 2020
(52–48) 		02020-10-27October 27, 2020
–
petahana

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Hall, Kermit L. (2005). "Judiciary Act of 1869". Dalam Hall, Kermit L.; Ely, James W.; Grossman, Joel B. The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Oxford University Press. hlm. 548. 
  2. ^ "Justice Clarence Thomas". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-15. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  3. ^ "Justice Stephen G. Breyer". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-11-18. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  4. ^ "Justice Samuel Anthony Alito, Jr". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-06-16. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  5. ^ "Justice Sonia Sotomayor". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-03-04. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  6. ^ "Justice Elena Kagan". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-24. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  7. ^ "Justice Neil M. Gorsuch". Washington, D.C.: The Supreme Court Historical Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-11-22. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2018. 
  8. ^ Fram, Alan; Mascaro, Lisa; Daly, Matthew (October 6, 2018). "Kavanaugh sworn to high court after rancorous confirmation". ap.org. New York, New York. Diakses tanggal October 6, 2018. 
  9. ^ Barbara Sprunt (October 26, 2020). "Amy Coney Barrett Confirmed To Supreme Court, Takes Constitutional Oath". npr.org. Diakses tanggal October 26, 2020. 
  10. ^ "U.S. Senate: Supreme Court Nominations: 1789–Present". United States Senate. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 9, 2020. Diakses tanggal February 17, 2016. 
  11. ^ "Justices 1789 to Present". www.supremecourt.gov. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 15, 2010. Diakses tanggal January 11, 2018. 

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