Pembatasan kalori

Pembatasan kalori atau pembatasan energi adalah pengaturan diet untuk mengurangi asupan makanan tanpa menimbulkan malnutrisi. Jika diet dibatasi sehingga seseorang tidak mengonsumsi nutrisi esensial, malnutrisi dapat mengakibatkan dampak negatif, seperti anemia, edema, pengecilan otot, lemah, pusing, lekas marah, lesu, dan depresi.^[1]

Pembatasan kalori biasanya dilakukan dengan sengaja untuk mengurangi berat badan. Di Amerika Serikat, hal ini direkomendasikan dalam pedoman diet AS dan oleh komunitas ilmiah untuk mengendalikan berat badan.^[2]^[3]^[4] Pembatasan kalori secara ringan mungkin bermanfaat bagi wanita hamil untuk mengurangi kenaikan berat badan (tanpa penurunan berat badan) dan untuk mengurangi risiko perinatal bagi ibu dan anak yang dikandungnya.^[5]^[6] Untuk individu yang kelebihan berat badan, pembatasan kalori dapat meningkatkan kondisi kesehatan jangka panjang. Meskipun demikian, berat badan mereka dapat kembali naik secara bertahap.^[3]

Referensi

^ Keys A, Brozek J, Henschels A & Mickelsen O & Taylor H. The Biology of Human Starvation, 1950. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis
^ US Department of Health and Human Services. (2017). "2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans - health.gov". health.gov. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. Diakses tanggal 30 September 2019.
^ ^a ^b Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, Buroker AB, Goldberger ZD, Hahn EJ, et al. (September 2019). "2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines". Circulation. 140 (11): e596–e646. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678  . PMC 7734661  . PMID 30879355.
^ "Obesity: maintaining a healthy weight and preventing excess weight gain". pathways.nice.org.uk.
^ Glazier JD, Hayes DJ, Hussain S, D'Souza SW, Whitcombe J, Heazell AE, Ashton N (October 2018). "The effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 18 (1): 421. doi:10.1186/s12884-018-2048-y. PMC 6202808  . PMID 30359228.
^ Thangaratinam S, Rogozinska E, Jolly K, Glinkowski S, Roseboom T, Tomlinson JW, et al. (May 2012). "Effects of interventions in pregnancy on maternal weight and obstetric outcomes: meta-analysis of randomised evidence". BMJ. 344: e2088. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2088. PMC 3355191  . PMID 22596383.

[1] Keys A, Brozek J, Henschels A & Mickelsen O & Taylor H. The Biology of Human Starvation, 1950. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis

[USDietaryGuidelines2015-2] US Department of Health and Human Services. (2017). "2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans - health.gov". health.gov. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. Diakses tanggal 30 September 2019.

[AACAHA2019-3] Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, Buroker AB, Goldberger ZD, Hahn EJ, et al. (September 2019). "2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines". Circulation. 140 (11): e596–e646. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678  . PMC 7734661  . PMID 30879355.

[NICE2019-obesity-4] "Obesity: maintaining a healthy weight and preventing excess weight gain". pathways.nice.org.uk.

[Glazier2018-5] Glazier JD, Hayes DJ, Hussain S, D'Souza SW, Whitcombe J, Heazell AE, Ashton N (October 2018). "The effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 18 (1): 421. doi:10.1186/s12884-018-2048-y. PMC 6202808  . PMID 30359228.

[Than2012-6] Thangaratinam S, Rogozinska E, Jolly K, Glinkowski S, Roseboom T, Tomlinson JW, et al. (May 2012). "Effects of interventions in pregnancy on maternal weight and obstetric outcomes: meta-analysis of randomised evidence". BMJ. 344: e2088. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2088. PMC 3355191  . PMID 22596383.

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