Amerika (benua)
Benua Amerika adalah sebuah benua di dunia yang merujuk kepada wilayah daratan di antara Samudra Pasifik dan Samudra Atlantik. Benua Amerika adalah benua terbesar ke 2 di dunia setelah Benua Asia .Luas wilayahnya ± 42.292.000 Km². Benua ini umumnya dibagi menjadi 3 yaitu Amerika Utara, Amerika Tengah, dan Amerika Selatan. Istilah ini juga merujuk kepada wilayah Karibia, pulau-pulau sekitar Laut Karibia, dan Greenland (namun bukan Islandia). Wilayah Amerika Tengah merupakan daratan sempit memanjang yang menghubungkan antara Amerika Utara dan Amerika Selatan. Secara astronomis, Benua Amerika terletak antara 83° LU - 55° LS dan 170° BT - 35° BB. Secara geografis letak Benua Amerika sebelah Barat berbatasan dengan Samudera Pasifik dan Laut Bering, sebelah timur berbatasan dengan Samudera Atlantik dan Laut Karibia, sebelah utara berbatasan dengan Laut Es dan Selat Davis, dan sebelah selatan berbatasan dengan Laut Kutub Selatan. Nama Amerika diambil dari nama pertama orang Eropa yang menjelajahi benua ini yaitu "Amerigo Vespucci."
Luas | 42.549.000 km2 (16.428.000 mi2) |
---|---|
Populasi | 1.002.000.000 (Perkiraan 2016)[1] |
Demonim | American,[2] New Worlder,[3] and Pan-American[4] are used (see usage) |
Negara | 35 |
Bahasa | Spanyol Inggris Portgis Prancis Quechua Haitian Creole Guaraní Aymara Nahuatl Belanda dan lain-lain |
Zona waktu | UTC-10 to UTC |
Kota terbesar |
Negara dan Teritori
Negara/teritori | Luas wilayah (km²)[5] |
Penduduk [note 1] |
Pop. density (per km²) |
Bahasa (official in bold) | Ibu kota | PDB (GDP (Nominal)) USD in 2014[1][6] |
PDB (PPP) USD in 2014[1][7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anguilla (United Kingdom) | 91 | 13.452 | 164,8 | English | The Valley | 175.400.000 | |
Antigua and Barbuda | 442 | 86.295 | 199,1 | Creole,[8] English | St. John's | 1.605.000.000 | |
Argentina | 2.766.890 | 42.669.500 | 14,3 | Spanish | Buenos Aires | 540.197.000.000 | 947.573.000.000 |
Aruba (Netherlands) | 180 | 101.484 | 594,4 | Papiamentu, Spanish,[9] Dutch | Oranjestad | 2.516.000.000 | |
Bahamas, The | 13.943 | 351.461 | 24,5 | Creole,[10] English | Nassau | 11.240.000.000 | |
Barbados | 430 | 285.000 | 595,3 | Bajan,[11] English | Bridgetown | 7.169.000.000 | |
Belize | 22.966 | 349.728 | 13,4 | Spanish, Kriol, English[12] | Belmopan | 3.048.000.000 | |
Bermuda (United Kingdom) | 54 | 64.237 | 1.203,7 | English | Hamilton | 5.600.000.000 | |
Bolivia | 1.098.580 | 10.027.254 | 8,4 | Spanish and 36 indigenous languages | La Paz and Sucre[13] | 34.176.000.000 | 69.963.000.000 |
Bonaire (Netherlands) | 294 | 12.093 | 41,1 | Papiamentu, Spanish, Dutch[14] | Kralendijk | ||
Brazil | 8.514.877 | 203.106.000 | 23,6 | Portuguese | Brasília | 2.346.118.000.000 | 3.263.866.000.000 |
British Virgin Islands (United Kingdom) | 151 | 29.537 | 152,3 | English | Road Town | 500.000.000 | |
Canada | 9.984.670 | 35.427.524 | 3,4 | English, French | Ottawa | 1.786.655.000.000 | 1.566.925.000.000 |
Cayman Islands (United Kingdom) | 264 | 55.456 | 212,1 | English | George Town | 2.250.000.000 | |
Chile[15] | 756.950 | 17.773.000 | 22 | Spanish | Santiago | 258.062.000.000 | 396.923.000.000 |
Templat:Country data Clipperton Island (France) | [16] | 6[17] | 00,0 | Uninhabited | — | 0 | |
Colombia | 1.138.910 | 47.757.000 | 40 | Spanish | Bogotá | 377.740.000.000 | 638.357.000.000 |
Costa Rica | 51.100 | 4.667.096 | 89,6 | Spanish | San José | 49.553.000.000 | 70.974.000.000 |
Cuba | 109.886 | 11.167.325 | 102,0 | Spanish | Havana | 77.150.000.000 | 234.193.000.000 |
Curaçao (Netherlands) | 444 | 150.563 | 317,1 | Papiamentu, Dutch[14] | Willemstad | 2.838.000.000 | |
Dominica | 751 | 71.293 | 89,2 | French Patois, English[18] | Roseau | 1.018.000.000 | |
Dominican Republic | 48.671 | 10.378.267 | 207,3 | Spanish | Santo Domingo | 63.969.000.000 | 138.007.000.000 |
Ecuador | 283.560 | 15.819.400 | 53,8 | Spanish, Quechua[19] | Quito | 100.543.000.000 | 180.493.000.000 |
El Salvador | 21.041 | 6.401.240 | 293,0 | Spanish | San Salvador | 25.220.000.000 | 50.944.000.000 |
Falkland Islands (United Kingdom)[20] | 12.173 | 3.000 | 0,26 | English | Stanley | 164.500.000 | |
French Guiana (France) | 91.000 | 237.549 | 2,7 | French | Cayenne | ||
Greenland (Denmark) | 2.166.086 | 56.483 | 0,026 | Greenlandic, Danish | Nuuk (Godthåb) | 2.133.000.000 | |
Grenada | 344 | 103.328 | 302,3 | English | St. George's | 1.467.000.000 | |
Guadeloupe (France) | 1.628 | 405.739 | 246,7 | French | Basse-Terre | ||
Guatemala | 108.889 | 15.806.675 | 128,8 | Spanish, Garifuna and 23 Mayan languages | Guatemala City | 58.728.000.000 | 119.375.000.000 |
Guyana | 214.999 | 784.894 | 3,5 | English | Georgetown | 6.256.000.000 | |
Haiti | 27.750 | 10.745.665 | 361,5 | Creole, French | Port-au-Prince | 13.150.000.000 | |
Honduras | 112.492 | 8.555.072 | 66,4 | Spanish | Tegucigalpa | 19.385.000.000 | 36.487.000.000 |
Jamaica | 10.991 | 2.717.991 | 247,4 | Patois, English | Kingston | 25.620.000.000 | |
Martinique (France) | 1.128 | 392.291 | 352,6 | Patois,[21] French | Fort-de-France | ||
Mexico | 1.964.375 | 119.713.203 | 57,1 | Spanish, 68 indigenous languages | Mexico City | 1.282.720.000.000 | 2.125.257.000.000 |
Montserrat (United Kingdom) | 102 | 4.922 | 58,8 | Creole English, English[22] | Plymouth; Brades[23] | 43.780.000 | |
Templat:Country data Navassa Island (United States) | [16] | 5[17] | 00,0 | Uninhabited | — | 0 | |
Nicaragua | 130.373 | 6.071.045 | 44,1 | Spanish | Managua | 27.100.000.000 | |
Panama | 75.417 | 3.405.813 | 45,8 | Spanish | Panama City | 46.213.000.000 | 80.811.000.000 |
Paraguay | 406.750 | 6.783.374 | 15,6 | Guaraní, Spanish | Asunción | 30.985.000.000 | 58.280.000.000 |
Peru | 1.285.220 | 30.814.175 | 22 | Spanish, Quechua, Aymara | Lima | 202.903.000.000 | 371.347.000.000 |
Puerto Rico (United States) | 8.870 | 3.615.086 | 448,9 | Spanish, English | San Juan | 103.135.000.000 | 125.630.000.000 |
Saba (Netherlands) | 13 | [24] | 1.537118,2 | English, Dutch | The Bottom | ||
Saint Barthélemy (France) | [16] | 21[17] | 8.938354,7 | French | Gustavia | ||
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 261 | 55.000 | 199,2 | English | Basseterre | 946.300.000 | |
Saint Lucia | 539 | 180.000 | 319,1 | English, French Creole | Castries | 2.233.000.000 | |
Saint Martin (France) | [16] | 5436.979 | 552,2 | French | Marigot | 561.500.000 | |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) | 242 | 6.081 | 24,8 | French | Saint-Pierre | 215.300.000 | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 389 | 109.000 | 280,2 | English | Kingstown | 1.312.000.000 | |
Sint Eustatius (Netherlands) | 21 | [24] | 2.739130,4 | Dutch, English | Oranjestad | ||
Sint Maarten (Netherlands) | 34 | 37.429 | 1.176,7 | English, Spanish, Dutch | Philipsburg | 798.300.000 | |
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (UK)[25] |
3.093 | 20 | 0,01 | English | Grytviken | ||
Suriname | 163.270 | 534.189 | 3 | Dutch and others[26] | Paramaribo | 6.874.000.000 | |
Trinidad and Tobago | 5.130 | 1.328.019 | 261,0 | English | Port of Spain | 24.434.000.000 | 40.832.000.000 |
Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) | 948 | 31.458 | 34,8 | Creole English, English[27] | Cockburn Town | 632.000.000 | |
United States[note 2] | 9.629.091 | 320.206.000 | 34,2 | English, Spanish | Washington, D.C. | 17.419.000.000.000 | 17.419.000.000.000 |
U.S. Virgin Islands (United States) | 347 | 106.405 | 317,0 | English, Spanish | Charlotte Amalie | ||
Uruguay | 176.220 | 3.286.314 | 19,4 | Spanish | Montevideo | 57.471.000.000 | 71.414.000.000 |
Venezuela | 916.445 | 30.206.307 | 30,2 | Spanish and 40 indigenous languages | Caracas | 509.964.000.000 | 538.932.000.000 |
Total | 42.320.985 | 973.186.925 | 21,9 | 24.864.000.000.000 |
Lihat pula
Bacaan lanjutan
- "Americas". The Columbia Gazetteer of the World Online. 2006. New York: Columbia University Press.
- "Americas". Encyclopædia Britannica, 15th ed. 1986. (ISBN 0-85229-434-4) Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- Burchfield, R. W. 2004. Fowler's Modern English Usage. (ISBN 0-19-861021-1) Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Fee, Margery and McAlpine, J. 1997. Oxford Guide to Canadian English Usage. (ISBN 0-19-541619-8) Toronto: Oxford University Press.
- Kane, Katie Nits Make Lice: Drogheda, Sand Creek, and the Poetics of Colonial Extermination Cultural Critique, No. 42 (Spring, 1999), pp. 81–103 DOI:10.2307/1354592
- Pearsall, Judy and Trumble, Bill., ed. 2002. Oxford English Reference Dictionary, 2nd ed. (rev.) (ISBN 0-19-860652-4) Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Churchill, Ward A Little Matter of Genocide 1997 City Lights Books ISBN 0-87286-323-9
- What's the difference between North, Latin, Central, Middle, South, Spanish and Anglo America? Geography at about.com.
Referensi
- ^ a b c "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-09-27. Diakses tanggal September 30, 2013.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>
tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaOEDAMERICAN
- ^ "New Worlder" . Oxford English Dictionary (edisi ke-Online). Oxford University Press. Templat:OEDsub
- ^ "Pan-American – definition of Pan-American by The Free Dictionary". TheFreeDictionary.com. Diakses tanggal September 8, 2014.
- ^ Unless otherwise noted, land area figures are taken from "Demographic Yearbook—Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. 2008. Diakses tanggal October 14, 2010.
- ^ http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP.pdf
- ^ http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP_PPP.pdf
- ^ Kras, Sara Louise (2008). Antigua and Barbuda. Marshall Cavendish. hlm. 95. ISBN 0-7614-2570-5.
- ^ "Aruba Census 2010 Languages spoken in the household". Central Bureau of Statistics. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-11-13. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-25.
- ^ Lewis, Paul M. (2009). "Languages of Bahamas". Dallas: Ethnologue.
- ^ Paul M. Lewis, ed. (2009). "Languages of Barbados". Dallas: Ethnologue: Languages of the World.
- ^ "Belize 2000 Housing and Population Census". Belize Central Statistical Office. 2000. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-12. Diakses tanggal June 24, 2011.
- ^ La Paz is the administrative capital of Bolivia; Sucre is the judicial seat.
- ^ a b "Households by the most spoken language in the household Population and Housing Census 2001". Central Bureau of Statistics. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-10-29. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-25.
- ^ Includes Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean, a Chilean territory frequently reckoned in Oceania. Santiago is the administrative capital of Chile; Valparaíso is the site of legislative meetings.
- ^ a b c d Land area figures taken from "The World Factbook: 2010 edition". Government of the United States, Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-01-31. Diakses tanggal October 14, 2010.
- ^ a b c These population estimates are for 2010, and are taken from "The World Factbook: 2010 edition". Government of the United States, Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Diakses tanggal October 14, 2010.
- ^ Paul M. Lewis; M. Paul, ed. (2009). "Languages of Dominica". Dallas: Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Diakses tanggal August 30, 2012.
- ^ Levinson, David (1998). Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook. Greenwood Publishing Group. hlm. 347. ISBN 1-57356-019-7.
- ^ Claimed by Argentina.
- ^ Paul M. Lewis, ed. (2009). "Languages of Martinique". Dallas: Ethnologue.
- ^ Paul M. Lewis, ed. (2009). "Languages of Montserrat". Dallas: Ethnologue.
- ^ Due to ongoing activity of the Soufriere Hills volcano beginning in July 1995, much of Plymouth was destroyed and government offices were relocated to Brades. Plymouth remains the de jure capital.
- ^ a b Population estimates are taken from the Central Bureau of Statistics Netherlands Antilles. "Statistical information: Population". Government of the Netherlands Antilles. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-06. Diakses tanggal October 14, 2010.
- ^ Claimed by Argentina; the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean are commonly associated with Antarctica (due to proximity) and have no permanent population, only hosting a periodic contingent of about 100 researchers and visitors.
- ^ Lewis, Paul (2009). "Languages of Suriname". Dallas, Texas: Ethnologue.
- ^ Lewis, M. Paul (2009). "Languages of Turks and Caicos Islands". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas: SIL International. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-12-24. Diakses tanggal 2016-06-25.
Pranala luar
- United Nations population data by latest available Census: 2008–2009
- Organization of American States
- Council on Hemispheric Affairs
- Henry Gannett, Ernest Ingersoll, George Parker Winship; et al. (1905). "America". New International Encyclopedia.
19°00′N 96°00′W / 19.000°N 96.000°W
Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tag <ref>
untuk kelompok bernama "note", tapi tidak ditemukan tag <references group="note"/>
yang berkaitan