Cornélie Falcon
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Cornélie Falcon (28 Januari 1814 – 25 Februari 1897)[n 1] adalah seorang penyanyi soprano Prancis yang bernyanyi di Opéra di Paris. Kesuksesan terbesarnya adalah menciptakan peran Valentine dalam Les Huguenots Meyerbeer. Dia memiliki "suara yang penuh dan bergema"[4] dengan timbre gelap yang khas[5] dan merupakan aktris yang luar biasa.[4] Berdasarkan peran yang ditulis untuk suaranya, rentang vokalnya berkisar dari A-flat rendah hingga D tinggi, 2,5 oktaf. Dia dan penyanyi tenor Adolphe Nourrit dianggap bertanggung jawab terutama untuk meningkatkan standar artistik di Opéra,[4] dan peran yang dia kuasai kemudian dikenal sebagai bagian "falcon soprano".[6] Dia memiliki karir yang sangat singkat, pada dasarnya berakhir sekitar lima tahun setelah debutnya, ketika pada usia 23 dia kehilangan suaranya selama penampilan Niedermeyer's Stradella.
Catatan
sunting- ^ Falcon's date of birth is given as 28 January 1814 by many sources [1] Other sources give her date of birth as 28 January 1812 [2] Braud 1913,[3] quotes the minutes des actes de naissance (minutes of birth certificates) of the Préfecture du département de la Seine, which read: "Du 29 janvier de l'an dix-huit cent quatorze, à midi un quart, acte de naissance de Marie-Cornélie, de sexe féminin, née d'hier à midi, rue de Béthizy, nº10, quartier Saint-Honoré, fille de Pierre Falcon, tailleur, et de Edmée-Cornélie Mérot, son épouse." ("On 29 January of the year eighteen hundred fourteen, at noon and a quarter, birth certificate of Marie-Cornélie, of female sex, born yesterday at noon, Rue du Béthizy, no. 10, Saint-Honoré Quarter, daughter of Pierre Falcon, tailor, and of Edmée-Cornélie Mérot, his wife."). Thus, her birth occurred at noon on 28 January 1814 and was recorded on 29 January at 12:15 p.m. Braud specifically repudiates the errors of earlier publications by Larousse and Malherbes which give the year 1812.
Referensi
sunting- ^ Bouvet 1927 (snippet view at Google Books); Gourret 1987, p. 33; Kuhn 1992, p. 219; Warrack and West 1992, p. 230; and Robinson and Walton 2011.
- ^ including Fétis 1862, p. 179; Pitou 1990, p. 449; Robinson 1992, p. 110; and Kutsch and Riemens 2003, p. 1388.
- ^ pp. 77-78 (footnote 2)
- ^ a b c Warrack and West 1992, p. 230.
- ^ Robinson and Walton 2011.
- ^ Robinson 1992, p. 110.
Sumber
sunting- Barzun, Jacques (1969). Berlioz and the romantic century (3rd edition, 2 volumes). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-03135-6.
- Berlioz, Hector; Cairns, David, editor and translator (2002). The memoirs of Hector Berlioz (first published in a different format in 1969). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-375-41391-9.
- Bouvet, Charles (1927). Cornélie Falcon (in French). Paris: Alcan. View formats and editions at OCLC.
- Braud, Barthélémy (1913). "Une reine de chant: Cornélie Falcon". Bulletin historique, scientifique, littéraire, artistique et agricole illustré 3: 73–108. Le-Puy-en-Velay: Société scientifique et agricole de la Haute-Loire. ISSN 1153-2491. Copy at Commons.
- Cairns, David (1999). Berlioz. Volume Two. Servitude and greatness 1832–1869. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22200-7.
- Chorley, Henry F. (1844). Music and Manners in France and Germany: A Series of Travelling Sketches of Art and Society (volume one of three). London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longman's. View at Google Books.
- Chouquet, Gustave (1873). Histoire de la musique dramatique en France (in French). Paris: Didot. View at Google Books.
- Clayton, Ellen Creathorne (1865). Queens of Song. Being Memoirs of Some of the Most Celebrated Female Vocalists Who Have Performed on the Lyric Stage from the Earliest Days of Opera to the Present Time. New York: Harper & Bros. View at Google Books.
- Desarbres, Nérée (1868). Deux siècles à l'Opéra (1669–1868) (in French). Paris: E. Dentu. View at Google Books.
- Fétis, F.-J. (1862). Biographie universelle des musiciens (in French), second edition, volume 3. Paris: Didot. View at Google Books.
- Gourret, Jean (1987). Dictionnaire des cantatrices de l'Opéra de Paris (in French). Paris: Albatros. ISBN 978-2-7273-0164-6.
- Holoman, D. Kern (1989). Berlioz. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-06778-3.
- Jordan, Ruth (1994). Fromental Halévy: His Life & Music, 1799–1862. London: Kahn & Averill. ISBN 978-1-871082-51-7.
- Kelly, Thomas Forrest (2004). "Les Huguenots" in First Nights at the Opera. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10044-0.
- Kuhn, Laura, editor (1992). Baker's Dictionary of Opera. New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN 978-0-02-865349-5.
- Kutsch, K. J.; Riemens, Leo (2003). Großes Sängerlexikon (fourth edition, in German). Munich: K. G. Saur. ISBN 978-3-598-11598-1.
- Lajarte, Théodore (1878). Bibliothèque musicale du Théâtre de l'Opéra, volume 2 [1793–1876]. Paris: Librairie des Bibliophiles. View at Google Books.
- Meyerbeer, Giacomo; Letellier, Robert Ignatius, translator and editor (1999). The Diaries of Giacomo Meyerbeer. Volume 1: 1791–1839. Madison, New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 978-0-8386-3789-0.
- Parsons, Charles H. (1993). Opera Premieres: An Index of Casts/Performances, volume 15 in the series The Mellen Opera Index. Lewiston, New York: The Edward Mellen Press. ISBN 978-0-88946-414-8.
- Pierre, Constant, editor (1900). Le Conservatoire national de musique et de déclamation. Documents historiques et administratifs. Paris: Imprimerie National. 1031 pages. View at Google Books.
- Pitou, Spire (1990). The Paris Opéra: An Encyclopedia of Operas, Ballets, Composers, and Performers. Growth and Grandeur, 1815–1914. New York: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-26218-0.
- Robinson, Philip (1992). "Falcon, (Marie) Cornélie", vol. 2, p. 110, in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera (4 volumes). London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-56159-228-9.
- Robinson, Philip; Walton, Benjamin (2001). Falcon, (Marie) Cornélie in Grove Music Online (subscription only, consulted 12 June 2011). Also in Sadie and Tyrell 2001.
- Sadie, Stanley, editor; John Tyrell; executive editor (2001). The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd edition. London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-56159-239-5 (hardcover). OCLC 419285866 (eBook).
- Smart, Mary Ann (2003). "Roles, reputations,shadows: singers at the Opéra, 1828-1849", pp. 108–128 in The Cambridge Companion to Grand Opera, ed. David Charlton, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press ISBN 978-0-521-64683-3.
- Somerset-Ward, Richard (2004). Angels and Monsters: Male and Female Sopranos in the Story of Opera, 1600–1900. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09968-3.
- Warrack, John and West, Ewan (1992). The Oxford Dictionary of Opera. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-869164-8.
- Zimmermann, Reiner (1998). Giacomo Meyerbeer: Eine Biografie nach Dokumenten (in German). Berlin: Parthas. ISBN 978-3-932529-23-8.
Pranala luar
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