Teologi kovenan
Teologi kovenan atau teologi perjanjian (juga dikenal sebagai kovenantalisme, teologi federal, atau federalisme) adalah tinjauan konseptual dan kerangka penafsiran untuk memahami keseluruhan struktur Alkitab. Teologi kovenan menggunakan konsep teologis tentang kovenan atau perjanjian sebagai prinsip pengorganisasian teologi Kristen. Bentuk standar teologi kovenan memandang sejarah hubungan Allah dengan umat manusia, mulai dari Penciptaan, Kejatuhan, Penebusan, hingga Penyempurnaan, dalam kerangka tiga perjanjian teologis yang menyeluruh: perjanjian penebusan, perjanjian kerja, dan perjanjian anugerah.
Kaum kovenentalis menyebut ketiga perjanjian ini "teologis" karena, meskipun tidak secara eksplisit disajikan dalam Alkitab, ketiga perjanjian ini dianggap sebagai implisit secara teologis, yang menggambarkan dan merangkum banyak data kitab suci. Sistem pemikiran Reformed historis memperlakukan teologi perjanjian klasik bukan hanya sebagai sebuah poin doktrin atau sebagai sebuah dogma utama, tetapi sebagai struktur yang digunakan untuk mengorganisasikan teks Alkitab itu sendiri.[1]
The most well-known form of Covenant Theology is associated with Presbyterians and comes from the Westminster Confession of Faith. Another form is sometimes called "Baptist Covenant Theology" or "1689 Federalism", to distinguish it from the standard covenant theology of Presbyterian "Westminster Federalism". It is associated with Reformed Baptists and comes from the Second London Baptist Confession of Faith of 1689.[2] Methodist hermeneutics traditionally use a variation of this, known as Wesleyan covenant theology, which is consistent with Arminian soteriology.[3]
Daftar pustaka
- Denault, Pascal, The Distinctiveness of Baptist Covenant Theology.
- Gill, John, "29", Deuteronomy, Exposition of the Old and New Testament, Sacred texts, diakses tanggal 2014-07-01.
- Jones, Mark (2011), "The 'Old' Covenant", dalam Haykin, Michael A.G.; Jones, Mark, Drawn Into Controversie: Reformed Theological Diversity and Debates Within Seventeenth-Century British Puritanism, Göttingen, DE: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
- Letham, Robert (2009), The Westminster Assembly: Reading Its Theology in Historical Context, The Westminster Assembly and the Reformed Faith, Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, ISBN 978-0-87552-612-6.
- Rodes, Stanley J. (25 September 2014), From Faith to Faith: John Wesley's Covenant Theology and the Way of Salvation, James Clarke & Co, ISBN 978-0-22790220-2.
Dokumen bersejarah
- Pengakuan Iman Westminster (1647), Bab VII, Bab VIII, Bab XIX and Bab XXVII
- Konsensus Helvetik (1675)
- Katekismus Besar Westminster
- Pengakuan Iman Baptis 1689
Pendukung
- Ball, John (2006) [1645], A Treatise of the Covenant of Grace, Dingwall: Peter and Rachel Reynolds, ISBN 1-84685-278-1.
- Faber, Jelle (1996), "American Secession Theologians on Covenant and Baptism", dalam Schilder, Klas, Extra-Scriptural Binding: a New Danger [i.e., to Dutch Reformed theological confessionalism], Neerlandia, Alta, CA: Inheritance, ISBN 0-921100-46-9.
- Horton, Michael (2006), God of Promise: Introducing Covenant Theology, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, ISBN 0-8010-1289-9.
- Kline, Meredith G (2000), Kingdom Prologue: Genesis Foundations for a Covenantal Worldview, Overland Park: Two Age, ISBN 0-9706418-0-X.
- Malone, Fred (2003). The baptism of disciples alone: A covenantal argument for credobaptism versus paedobaptism. Founders Press. ISBN 0-9713361-3-X
- Murray, John (1982). Covenant Theology. In Collected Writings of John Murray, vol. 4. Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth Trust. ISBN 0-85151-340-9
- Reymond, Robert L. (1998). A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith. Nashville: Nelson. ISBN 0-8499-1317-9
- Robertson, O. Palmer (1981), Christ of the Covenants, Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed, ISBN 0-87552-418-4.
- ——— (2000), The Israel of God: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed, ISBN 0-87552-398-6.
- Schilder, Klas (1996), Extra-Scriptural Binding: a New Danger [i.e., to Dutch Reformed theological confessionalism], Neerlandia, Alta, CA: Inheritance, ISBN 0-921100-46-9.
- Van Til, Cornelius (1955), "Covenant Theology", dalam Loetscher, LA, The New Schaff-Herzog Twentieth Century Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Grand Rapids: Baker, ISBN 99914-2-980-8.
- Vos, Geerhardus (2001). "The Doctrine of the Covenant in Reformed Theology." In R. B. Gaffin Jr. (Ed.), Redemptive History and Biblical Interpretation: The Shorter Writings of Geerhardus Vos. Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed. ISBN 0-87552-513-X
- Witsius, Hermann (Reprint 1990). The Economy of the Covenants Between God and Man, 2 vols. Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed. ISBN 0-87552-870-8.
Pengkritik
- Showers, Reginald (1990). There Really Is a Difference: A Comparison of Covenant and Dispensational Theology. Friends of Israel Gospel Ministry. ISBN 0-915540-50-9
- ^ "Covenant Theology" (dalam bahasa English). Ligonier Ministries. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2022.
Covenant theology is a hermeneutical framework that seeks to understand the Bible according to its covenantal structure. Covenant theology is particularly associated with Reformed theology, as the Reformed tradition has devoted much attention to studying the biblical covenants. As Dr. R.C. Sproul frequently observed, “Reformed theology is covenant theology.”
- ^ Denault, hlm. 10–20.
- ^ Rodes 2014, hlm. 7; 62–76.