Amerika Serikat dalam Perang Dunia I

Amerika Serikat menyatakan perang terhadap Kekaisaran Jerman tepatnya tanggal 6 April 1917 yang menandai hampir tiga tahun sesudah dimulainya Perang Dunia I. Perang Dunia I diakhiri dengan gencatan senjata 11 November 1918. Sebelum ikut terlibat dalam perang tersebut Amerika Serikat bersikap netral, meskipun telah menjadi pemasok penting bagi Inggris, Prancis, dan kekuatan lain dari Blok Sekutu Perang Dunia I.

Amerika Serikat dalam Perang Dunia I
1917–1918
Dua pasukan Amerika Serikat lari menuju ke bunker.
Lokasi	Amerika Serikat
Presiden	Woodrow Wilson
Peristiwa penting	Selective Service Act of 1917 Food and Fuel Control Act Wajib militer
Kronologi Era Progresif Roaring Twenties

Saat mulai terlibat dalam Perang Dunia I pada tahun 1917, Amerika Serikat baru hanya membantu sekutu dengan menyumbang pasokan, bahan baku, dan dana saja. Pasukan Amerika Serikat dipimpin oleh jenderal berpangkat General of the Armies bernama John Pershing sebagai Panglima Tertinggi Pasukan Ekspedisi Amerika Serikat (singkatan bahasa Inggrisnya adalah AEF), mulai mendarat ke Front Barat dengan rata-rata 10.000 pasukan per hari tepatnya pada musim panas tahun 1918. Selama masa perang, Amerika Serikat menggerakkan dengan jumlah 4,7 juta pasukannya dan yang gugur sebanyak 116.000. Banyak lembaga baru yang dibuat oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat yang berfokus untuk upaya perang, dan selain itu terjadi peningkatan dalam jumlah pasukan Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat.

Amerika Serikat sedang mengalami peralihan lambat dari ekonomi dan tenaga kerja yang fokus untuk kebutuhan rakyat menjadi ekonomi dan tenaga kerja yang berfokus untuk kebutuhan perang. Mulai musim semi tahun 1918, Amerika Serikat sudah siap untuk ikut terlibat dalam perang tersebut. Presiden Amerika Serikat Woodrow Wilson mengambil kesempatan perang ini pada masa puncak Era Progresif, untuk membuktikan bahwa Amerika Serikat adalah negara yang ingin menyebarkan demokrasi dan reformasi ke seluruh dunia. Banyak warga Amerika Serikat yang protes mengenai keterlibatan negaranya.

Sumber

• Karp, Walter (1979), The Politics of War (edisi ke-1st), ISBN 0-06-012265-X, OCLC 4593327 

Bacaan lebih lanjut

Informasi lebih lanjut: Presidency of Woodrow Wilson § Further reading

• Bailey, Thomas. A Diplomatic History of the American people (1947) pp 610–680 online
• Bassett, John Spencer. Our War with Germany: A History (1919) online edition
• Breen, William J. Uncle Sam at Home: Civilian Mobilization, Wartime Federalism, and the Council of National Defense, 1917-1919 (1984)
• Byerly, Carol R. (2010). "The U.S. Military and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919". Public Health Reports. United States National Library of Medicine. 125 (Suppl 3): 82–91. doi:10.1177/00333549101250S311. ISSN 1468-2877. PMC 2862337 . PMID 20568570. 
• Capozzola, Christopher. Uncle Sam Wants You: World War I and the Making of the Modern American Citizen (2008)
• Chambers, John W., II. To Raise an Army: The Draft Comes to Modern America (1987) online
• Clements, Kendrick A. The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson (1992)
• Coffman, Edward M. The War to End All Wars: The American Military Experience in World War I (1998), a standard military history. online free to borrow
• Committee on Public Information. How the war came to America (1917) online 840pp detailing every sector of society
• Cooper, John Milton. Woodrow Wilson: A Biography (2009)
• Cooper, John Milton. "The World War and American Memory." Diplomatic History (2014) 38#4 pp: 727-736.
• Doenecke, Justus D. Nothing Less than War: A New History of America's Entry into World War I (University Press of Kentucky, 2011)
• DuBois, W.E. Burghardt, "An Essay Toward a History of the Black Man in the Great War," The Crisis, vol. 18, no. 2 (June 1919), pp. 63–87.
• Epstein, Katherine C. “The Conundrum of American Power in the Age of World War I,” Modern American History (2019): 1-21.
• Hannigan, Robert E. The Great War and American Foreign Policy, 1914–24 (U of Pennsylvania Press, 2017)
• Kang, Sung Won, and Hugh Rockoff. "Capitalizing patriotism: the Liberty loans of World War I." Financial History Review 22.1 (2015): 45+ online
• Kennedy, David M. Over Here: The First World War and American Society (2004), comprehensive coverage online
• Malin, James C. The United States After the World War (1930)
• Marrin, Albert. The Yanks Are Coming: The United States in the First World War (1986) online
• May, Ernest R. The World War and American Isolation, 1914-1917 (1959) online at ACLS e-books, highly influential study
• Nash, George H. The Life of Herbert Hoover: Master of Emergencies, 1917-1918 (1996) excerpt and text search
• Paxson, Frederic L. Pre-war years, 1913-1917 (1936) wide-ranging scholarly survey
• Paxson, Frederic L. American at War 1917-1918 (1939) online wide-ranging scholarly survey
• Paxson, Frederic L. Post-War Years: Normalcy 1918-1923 (1948) online
• Paxson, Frederic L. ed. War cyclopedia: a handbook for ready reference on the great war (1918) online
• Resch, John P., ed. Americans at War: Society, culture, and the home front: volume 3: 1901-1945 (2005)
• Schaffer, Ronald. America in the Great War: The Rise of the War-Welfare State (1991)
• Trask, David F. The United States in the Supreme War Council: American War Aims and Inter-Allied Strategy, 1917–1918 (1961)
• Trask, David F. The AEF and Coalition Warmaking, 1917–1918 (1993)online free
• Trask, David F ed. World War I at home; readings on American life, 1914-1920 (1969) primary sources online
• Tucker, Spencer C., and Priscilla Mary Roberts, eds. The Encyclopedia of World War I: A Political, Social, and Military History (5 vol. 2005). worldwide coverage
• Van Ells, Mark D. America and World War I: A Traveler's Guide (2014) excerpt
• Vaughn, Stephen. Holding Fast the Inner Lines: Democracy, Nationalism, and the Committee on Public Information (U of North Carolina Press, 1980) online
• Venzon, Anne ed. The United States in the First World War: An Encyclopedia (1995)
• Walworth, Arthur (1958). Woodrow Wilson, Volume I, Volume II. Longmans, Green. ; 904pp; full scale scholarly biography; winner of Pulitzer Prize; online free; 2nd ed. 1965
• Wevera, Peter C Wevera; van Bergenc, Leo (June 27, 2014). "Death from 1918 pandemic influenza during the First World War: a perspective from personal and anecdotal evidence". Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. 8 (5): 538–46. doi:10.1111/irv.12267. PMC 4181817 . PMID 24975798. 
• Woodward, David R. The American Army and the First World War (2014). 484 pp. online review
• Woodward, David R. Trial by Friendship: Anglo-American Relations, 1917-1918 (1993) online
• Young, Ernest William. The Wilson Administration and the Great War (1922) online edition
• Zieger, Robert H. America's Great War: World War I and the American Experience (2000)

Historiografi dan pengenangan

• Berg, Manfred, and Axel Jansen. "Americans in World War I–World War I in America." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 17.4 (2018): 599-607. excerpt
• Capozzola, Chris, et al. "Interchange: World War I." Journal of American History 102.2 (2015): 463-499. https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jav474
• Cooper, John Milton Jr. “The World War and American Memory,” Diplomatic History 38:4 (2014): 727–36.
• Jones, Heather. “As the Centenary Approaches: The Regeneration of First World War Historiography” Historical Journal 56:3 (2013): 857–78, global perspective
• Keene, Jennifer, “The United States” in John Horne, ed., A Companion to World War I (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012), 508–23.
• Keene, Jennifer D. "Remembering the 'Forgotten War': American Historiography on World War I." Historian 78#3 (2016): 439-468.
• Rubin, Richard. The Last of the Doughboys: The Forgotten Generation and their Forgotten World War (2013)
• Snell, Mark A., ed. Unknown Soldiers: The American Expeditionary Forces in Memory and Remembrance (Kent State UP, 2008).
• Trout, Steven. On the Battlefield of Memory: The First World War and American Remembrance, 1919–1941 (University of Alabama Press, 2010)
• Woodward. David. America and World War I: A Selected Annotated Bibliography of English Language Sources (2nd ed 2007) excerpt
• Zeiler, Thomas W., Ekbladh, David K., and Montoya, Benjamin C., eds. Beyond 1917: The United States and the Global Legacies of the Great War (Oxford University Press, 2017)

Pranala luar

• First-hand accounts of World War I veterans, The Library of Congress Veterans History Project.