Askja
gunung di Islandia
Askja ([ˈasca] (
simak)) adalah gunung berapi aktif yang terletak di daerah terpencil di dataran tinggi tengah Islandia. Nama Askja mengacu pada kompleks kaldera yang terdapat di pegunungan Dyngjufjöll [ˈtiɲcʏˌfjœtl̥] di sekitarnya, yang menjulang setinggi 1.514 m (4.967 kaki). Kata "askja" berarti "kotak" atau "kaldera" dalam bahasa Islandia.[3]
| Askja | |
|---|---|
 kaldera Askja difoto pada tahun 1984 | |
| Titik tertinggi | |
| Ketinggian | 1.516 m (4.974 ft)[1] |
| Masuk dalam daftar | Gunung berapi di Islandia |
| Koordinat | 65°01′59″N 16°46′59″W / 65.033°N 16.783°W [2] |
| Geografi | |
  Askja Lokasi di Islandia | |
| Pegunungan | Dyngjufjöll |
| Geologi | |
| Jenis gunung | Kaldera |
| Letusan terakhir | Oktober – Desember 1961[2] |
<mapframe>: Tidak dapat memilah JSON: Kesalahan sintaks | |
Referensi
- ^ "Topographic map of Askja". opentopomap.org. Diakses tanggal 2023-06-15.
- ^ a b "Askja". Global Volcanism Program. Institusi Smithsonian.
- ^ See e.g.: Stóra Tölvuorðabókin. Úfgáfa 6.0
Pranala luar
- Askja Diarsipkan 2018-01-21 di Wayback Machine. in the Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes
Foto dan video
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Askja (volcanic system).
- Panoramic views of Iceland, including Askja
- Askja & Víti 2004 – 2010. Picture Gallery from islandsmyndir.is
- Photo of Víti Crater
Karya tulis ilmiah
- Earthice, Univ. of Iceland, description of Askja
- Askja, Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution Diarsipkan 2019-07-13 di Wayback Machine.
- Asta R. Hjartadóttir (2008): The fissure swarm of the Askja central volcano, Univ. of Iceland (PDF)
- Rymer, Hazel: The case of the shrinking volcano, 19.11.2009 (Blogpost of the geophysicist)
- UP60q3hTuL0bQFayjWySe2pbcHXPDZorubx8kmqCf_1h8qfhNK96ufjwrE1OtY0T5jRPfGrBVxChdVBHFtgfgBfthdw5YCWuUAC2x89gg1TGjBR_hf8-1GoQtO&sig=AHIEtbTVxfbK9oIgvpHCLi7O2Yv8YudG7Q A. Key, e.a.: Crustal seismicity beneath Askja volcano reflecting plate tectonics and melt movement. (Zur Erdbebentätigkeit an der Askja) (PDF, 31 KB)
- Rymer, H., C. Locke, B. G. Ófeigsson, P. Einarsson, and E. Sturkell (2010): New mass increase beneath Askja volcano, Iceland – a precursor to renewed activity? Terra Nova, 22, 309–313. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2010.00948.x
- Sigurdur Thorarinsson, and G. E. Sigvaldason: The eruption in Askja 1961, a preliminary report. American Journal of Science, Vol. 260, November 1962, P.641-651; DOI:10.2475/ajs.260.9.641 (Abstract)
- Eysteinn Tryggvason: Ground deformation in Askja, Iceland: its source and possible relation to flow of the mantle plume, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 39 (1989) 61–71 61 (PDF)
- Erik Sturkell, Freysteinn Sigmundsson: Continuous deflation of the Askja caldera, Iceland, during the 1983–1998 noneruptive period, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 105, NO. B11, PP. 25,671–25,684, 2000; DOI:10.1029/2000JB900178 (PDF)
- Heidi Soosalu, Janet Key, Robert S. White, Clare Knox, Páll Einarsson und Steinunn S. Jakobsdóttir: Lower-crustal earthquakes caused by magma movement beneath Askja volcano on the north Iceland rift, Bulletin of Volcanology, Vol. 72, no. 1, 55–62; DOI:10.1007/s00445-009-0297-3 (Springer-Link, Abstract)
- Heidi Soosalu, e.a.: Askja 2007 – Scientific Project. (PDF)
- Rymer, Hazel and Tryggvason, Eysteinn (1993): Gravity and elevation changes at Askja, Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology, 55(5), pp. 362–371. (PDF)
- Shoemaker, E.S.; Baker, D.M.H.; Richardson, J.A.; Carter, L.M.; Scheidt, S.P.; Whelley, P.L.; Young, K.E. (2024). "Mapping ice buried by the 1875 and 1961 tephra of Askja Volcano, Northern Iceland using ground‐penetrating radar: Implications for Askja Caldera as a geophysical testbed for in situ resource utilization". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 129 (4): e2023JE007834. doi:10.1029/2023JE007834
. - Büntgen, U.; Eggertsson, O.; Oppenheimer, C. (2024). "Braided motivations for Iceland's first wave of mass emigration to North America after the 1875 Askja eruption". Regional Environmental Change. 24 (2): 48. Bibcode:2024REnvC..24...48B. doi:10.1007/s10113-024-02215-6 .
