Helvidius
Helvidius atau Helvetius adalah penghasil sebuah risalah yang dihasilkan sebelum tahun 383 yang menentang keyakinan akan lestarinya keperawanan Bunda Maria. Helvidius berpendapat bahwa penyebutan "saudari-saudari" dan "saudara-saudara" Yesus di dalam Alkitab merupakan bukti kuat bahwa Maria menjalani kehidupan berkeluarga yang sewajarnya dengan Yosef sehingga dikaruniai beberapa orang anak lagi sesudah secara ajaib mengandung dan melahirkan Yesus. Pendapatnya itu ia topang dengan risalah-risalah Tertulianus dan Viktorinus.[1] Kadang-kadang Helvidius dipandang sebagai salah seorang tokoh Purwaprotestan, sebagaimana Vigiliansius, Yovinianus, dan Aerius dari Sebaste.[2]
Hieronimus menanggapinya dengan menulis sebuah risalah berjudul Ihwal Keperawanan Lestari Mubarikah Maria,[3] where he vigorously takes the other side, and argues that the "sisters" and "brothers" spoken of were either step-brothers, children of Joseph by a former marriage (cf. Protoevangelium of James), or first cousins, children of Mary's relative/relation/kinswoman[4] Elizabeth and siblings of John the Baptist. When Jerome wrote this treatise both he and Helvidius were in Rome, and Damasus was Bishop of Rome.
Helvidius also accused Jerome of translating the Vulgate from corrupt Greek manuscripts.[5] All the works of Helvidius are lost; we know some things about his tract against the belief in the perpetual virginity of Mary only through Jerome's treatise written in response to it.[6]
Helvidius considered the state of being married as an honor and argued against the high glorification of celibacy, which Jerome attacked.[7] Helvidius is one of the early opponents of the monastic movement.[8]
Jerome often insults Helvidius as a rough, uneducated man.[7]
Baca juga
suntingRujukan
sunting- ^ "Brothers of Jesus". Biblical Training. Spokane, WA. Diakses tanggal 31 Agustus 2016.
- ^ "Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". ccel.org. Diakses tanggal 2021-12-21.
- ^ Jerome, "The Perpetual Virginity of Blessed Mary - Against Helvidius", dalam Schaff, Philip; Wace, Henry; Knight, Kevin, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, 6, Translated by W.H. Fremantle, G. Lewis and W.G. Martley, Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co. – via New Advent
- ^ "Search, Read, Study the Bible in Many Languages". Bible Hub. Diakses tanggal 2015-10-19.
- ^ Les Garret, 1982. Which Bible Can We Trust? Christian Centre Press, p. 61
- ^ "Brothers of Jesus". BiblicalTraining. Spokane, WA. Diakses tanggal 2016-08-31.
The works of Helvidius have not survived. In his reply to Helvidius, however, Jerome makes many references to Helvidius' ideas.
- ^ a b "Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". ccel.org. Diakses tanggal 2022-01-26.
- ^ "Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". ccel.org. Diakses tanggal 2022-01-26.
Pranala luar
sunting- Schaff, Philip, History of the Christian Church, III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311–600, The Christian classics ethereal library, § 47. Helvidius, Vigilantius, and Aerius.
- Jerome (c. 383), "The Perpetual Virginity of Blessed Mary – Against Helvidius", dalam Philip Schaff; Henry Wace; Kevin Knight, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, Vol. 6, Translated by W.H. Fremantle, G. Lewis and W.G. Martley, Buffalo, New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co. (retrieved from New Advent)
- Hunter, David G. (Spring 1993). "Helvidius, Jovinian, and the Virginity of Mary in Late Fourth-Century Rome". Journal of Early Christian Studies. Johns Hopkins University Press. 1 (1): 47–71. doi:10.1353/earl.0.0147. Diakses tanggal 2016-08-30.