Germania
Germania adalah nama geografi yang diberikan oleh orang Romawi untuk wilayah di timur Sungai Rhein (Germania Dalam), namun mencakup juga daerah Sarmatia dan sebagian wilayah di tepi barat Rhein yang dikuasai Romawi. Nama ini pertama kali diambil oleh Julius Caesar dari sebutan orang Galia terhadap orang-orang yang menghuni wilayah itu, yang berarti "tetangga".[1][2]
Cakupan wilayah
Germania was defined by Rome as having two regions: Lesser Germania, west and south of the Rhine, occupied by the Romans, and Greater Germania (Magna Germania) east of the Rhine. The occupied Germania was divided into two provinces: Germania Inferior (Lower Germania) (approximately corresponding to the southern part of the present-day Low Countries) and Germania Superior (Upper Germania) (approximately corresponding to present-day Switzerland and Alsace). The Romans under Augustus began to conquer and defeat the Germania Magna in 12 BC, having the Legati (generals) Germanicus and Tiberius leading the Legions. By AD 6, all of Germania up to the River Elbe was temporarily pacified by the Romans as well as being occupied by them. The Roman plan to complete the conquest and incorporate all of Magna Germania into the Roman Empire was frustrated when Rome was defeated by the German tribesmen in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in AD 9. Augustus then effected Roman withdrawal from Magna Germania (completed by AD 16) and established the boundary of the Roman Empire as being the Rhine and the Danube. [edit] Modern use
"Germany" in English and similar names in other languages are derived from "Germania", though the country's own inhabitants call it "Deutschland". Several modern languages use the name "Germania" including Hebrew (גרמניה), Bulgarian (Германия), Italian, Greek (Γερμανία), Romanian, Russian (Германия) and Armenian.
Kategori:Jerman Kategori:Sejarah Eropa