Desalinasi

Desalination atau desalinization adalah proses yang menghilangkan kadar garam berlebih dalam air untuk mendapatkan air yang dapat dikonsumsi binatang, tanaman dan manusia. Seringkali proses ini juga menghasilkan garam dapur sebagai hasil sampingan.

Dua metode yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Reverse Osmosis (47,2%) dan Multi Stage Flash (36,5%).

Pada kehidupan modern seperti saat ini, proses desalinasi difokuskan pada pengembangan cara yang efektif untuk menyediakan air bersih untuk digunakan di wilayah yang memiliki keterbatasan air. Desalinasi pada skala besar biasanya menggunakan sejumlah besar energi dan infrastruktur spesialis, sehingga sangat mahal dibandingkan dengan penggunaan air tawar dari sungai atau air tanah.

Schematic of a multi-stage flash desalinator
A - Steam in
B - Seawater in
C - Potable water out
D - Waste out
E - Steam out
F - Heat exchange
G - Condensation collection
H - Brine heater

Plan of a typical reverse osmosis desalination plant

Schematics of a reverse osmosis system (desalination) using a pressure exchanger. 1:Sea water inflow, 2: Fresh water flow (40%), 3:Concentrate Flow (60%), 4:Sea water flow (60%), 5: Concentrate (drain), A: High pressure pump flow (40%), B: Circulation pump, C:Osmosis unit with membrane, D: Pressure exchanger

Album

• Desalinasi
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  Plan of a typical reverse osmosis desalination plant
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  A semipermeable membrane coil used in desalinization.
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  Typical RO/DI unit used for an aquarium
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  The layers of a membrane.
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  A custom-made 1000 liter commercial Reverse Osmosis Plant fitted with UV treatment system.
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Lihat pula

• Air
• Air asin
• Siklus air
• Awan
• Banjir
• Es
• Embun
• Danau
• Hidrologi
• Hujan
• Laut
• Salju
• Sungai
• Osmosis
• Osmosis terbalik

Referensi

Bacaan

• Committee on Advancing Desalination Technology, National Research Council. (2008). Desalination: A National Perspective. National Academies Press.

Aritikel

• Desalination: The next wave in global water consumption from TLVInsider

Pranala luar

• Sidem - French Desalination Company
• GeoNoria Solar Desalination Process
• National Academies Press | Desalination: A National Perspective
• World Wildlife Fund | Desalination: option or distraction?
• International Desalination Association
• Desalination & Water Reuse - Official magazine of the International Desalination Association
• European Desalination Society
• IAEA - Nuclear Desalination
• DME - German Desalination Society
• Large scale desalination of sea water using solar energy
• "Desalination Journal" and Desalination Directory of the European Desalination Society
• Desalination by humidification and dehumidification of air: state of the art
• Zonnewater - optimized solar thermal desalination (distillation)
• SOLAR TOWER Project - Clean Electricity Generation for Desalination.
• Solar Desalination using the MEH-Method
• Article: Water issues prompt new look at desalination
• Sun Belt Water Inc. Company website
• Desalination bibliography Library of Congress
• Water-Technology
• Cheap Drinking Water from the Ocean - Carbon nanotube-based membranes will dramatically cut the cost of desalination
• Water Desalination Free pdf book
• Tampa Bay Water Seawater Desalination Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant on Tampa Bay
• Solar thermal-driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation
• Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources
• wind-powered desalinization plant in Perth, Australia, is an example of how technology is insulating rich countries from impacts of climate change, while poor countries remain particularly vulnerable.
• The Desal Response Group
• Encyclopedia of Desalination and water and Water Resources
• Desalination & Water Reuse - Desalination news