Sealand
Kepangeranan Sealand adalah sebuah entitas yang belum diakui, yang terletak di Fort HM roughs, sebelumnya pada Perang Dunia II merupakan pelabuhan laut Maunsell di Laut Utara 10 km (enam mil) dari lepas pantai Suffolk, Inggris (51 ° 53'40 "N, 1 ° 28'57 "E).
| Kepangeranan Sealand | ||
| Bangsa mikro | ||
 Flag |
 Lambang negara | |
| Motto: E Mare Libertas (English: From the Sea, Freedom) Anthem: E Mare Libertas by Basil Simonenko | ||
| Status | Sekarang | |
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Area yang diklaim | 550 m2 | |
| Populasi | 3 (2011) | |
| Tanggal pendirian | 2 September 1967 | |
| Kepemimpinan | Keluarga Bates | |
| Struktur organisasional | Oligarki, monarki konstitusional | |
| Bahasa | Bahasa Inggris | |
| Mata uang yang diakui | Dollar Sealand (nilainya dipatok dalam USD)[1] | |
| Ibu kota | HM Fort Roughs | |
| Kelompok etnis | European, North American | |
| Demonim | Sealander, Sealandic | |
| PDB yang diklaim | US$600,000 (US$22,200 per capita)[2] | |
| Zona waktu | GMT | |
Sejak tahun 1967, fasilitas ini telah diduduki oleh seorang mantan Mayor Inggris Paddy Roy Bates; rekan dan keluarganya mengklaim tempat ini sebagai negara berdaulat yang independen.
Sejarah
Sejarah HM Fort Roughs
Pada 1943, selama Perang Dunia II, HM Fort Roughs dibangun oleh Britania Raya sebagai salah satu dari Benteng Maunsell,[3] terutama untuk pertahanan terhadap pesawat mine-laying Jerman yang mungkin menargetkan muara yang merupakan bagian dari jalur pelayaran penting; it comprised a floating pontoon base with a superstructure of two hollow towers joined by a deck upon which other structures could be added. The fort was towed to a position above the Rough Sands sandbar, where its base was deliberately flooded to allow it to sink to its final resting place on the sandbar. The location chosen was approximately 7 nautical miles from the coast of Suffolk, outside the then three-mile territorial water claim of the United Kingdom and therefore in international waters.[3] The facility (called Roughs Tower or HM Fort Roughs) was occupied by 150–300 Royal Navy personnel throughout World War II; not until well after the war, in 1956, were the last full-time personnel taken off HM Fort Roughs.[3]
Referensi
- ^ "info_paper.id" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 22 June 2010.
- ^ "Information on the Principality of Sealand including GDP" (PDF). Summit of Micronations. Diakses tanggal 13 November 2007.
- ^ a b c Zumerchik, John (2008). Seas and Waterways of the World: An Encyclopedia of History, Uses, and Issues. ABC-CLIO Ltd. hlm. 563. ISBN 978-1-85109-711-1.
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Garfinkel, Simson. "Welcome to Sealand. Now Bugger Off". Wired Magazine. July 2000. Vol. 8.07.
- Gilmour, Kim. "Sealand: Wish You Were Here?" Internet Magazine. August 2002.
- McCullagh, Declan (4 August 2003). "Has 'haven' for questionable sites sunk?". CNET News.com. Diakses tanggal 16 July 2003.
- Lackey, Ryan. "Haven Company: What Really Happened". Address at Defcon 11. Las Vegas, 3 August 2003.
- Menefee, Samuel Pyeatt. "Republics of the Reefs": Nation-Building on the Continental Shelf and in the World's Oceans". California Western International Law Journal, vol. 25, no. 1. Fall 1994.
- Miller, Marjorie, & Boudreaux, Richard. "A Nation for Friend and Faux". Los Angeles Times. 7 June 2000. p. A-1.
- Slapper, Gary. "How a law-less 'data haven' is using law to protect itself". The Times. 8 August 2000. p. 3.
- "Stop signs on the web; The battle between freedom and regulation on the Internet". The Economist. 13 January 2001. p1.
- Strauss, Erwin S. How to Start Your Own Country, 2nd ed. Port Townsend, WA: Breakout Productions, 1984. ISBN 1-893626-15-6.
- Connelly, Charlie. Attention All Shipping: A Journey Round The Shipping Forecast, Abacus, 2005. ISBN 0-349-11603-2.
- Goldsmith, Jack, & Wu, Tim. Who Controls the Internet?: Illusions of a Borderless World, 2006, ISBN 0-19-515266-2.
- Fogle, Ben. Offshore: In search of an island of my own, Penguin Books, 2007. ISBN 978-0-14-102434-9.
- "License Plates of Sealand (Great Britain)." LICENSE PLATES OF THE WORLD. Web. 28 December 2009. <http://www.worldlicenseplates.com/world/EU_SEAL.html>.