Francia Timur

Dalam historiografi abad pertengahan, Francia Timur (Latin: Francia orientalis) atau Kerajaan Frank Timur (regnum Francorum orientalium) adalah bentuk terawal dari Kerajaan Jerman, yang berlangsung dari sekitar tahun 840 sampai sekitar tahun 962.^[1] Francia Timru dibentuk dari pembagian Kekaisaran Carolingian^[2] setelah kematian Kaisar Louis the Pious, namun pembagian timur-barat tersebut "kemudian jatuh dalam pendirian kerajaan-kerajaan yang terpisah".^[3]

Lihat pula

Daftar penguasa Jerman

Catatan

^ Goldberg 1999, 41: "the east Frankish kingdom [was] a political entity that laid the foundations for the kingdom of Germany".
^ Istilah "Francia", tanah Frank, umumnya digunakan untuk merujuk kepada kekaisaran tersebut. Dinasti pemerintahannya adalah Frank, meskipun para penduduknya kebanyakan non-Frank.
^ Bradbury 2007, 21: "... division which gradually hardened into the establishment of separate kingdoms, notably East and West Francia, or what we can begin to call Germany and France."

Referensi

Bernard Bachrach dan David Bachrach. "The Saxon Military Revolution, 912–973: Myth and Reality". Early Medieval Europe 15 (2007), 186–222. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0254.2007.00203.x
Bernard Bachrach and David Bachrach. "Early Saxon Frontier Warfare: Henry I, Otto I, and Carolingian Military Institutions". Journal of Medieval Military History 10 (2012), 17–60.
David Bachrach. "Exercise of Royal Power in Early Medieval Europe: The Case of Otto the Great, 936–973". Early Medieval Europe 17 (2009), 389–419. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0254.2009.00283.x
David Bachrach. "The Written Word in Carolingian-Style Fiscal Administration under King Henry I, 919–936". German History 28:4 (2010), 399–423. DOI:10.1093/gerhis/ghq108
John W. Bernhardt. Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought, 21. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. ISBN 0521394899 DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511562372
Jim Bradbury. The Capetians: Kings of France, 987–1328. London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007.
Eric J. Goldberg. "'More Devoted to the Equipment of Battle Than the Splendor of Banquets': Frontier Kingship, Military Ritual, and Early Knighthood at the Court of Louis the German". Viator 30 (1999), 41–78. DOI:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.300829
Timothy Reuter. "The Medieval German Sonderweg? The Empire and its Rulers in the Highe Middle Ages". In Kings nd Kingship in Medieval Europe, ed. Anne J. Duggan (London: 1993), 179–211.
Susan Reynolds. Kingdoms and Communities in Western Europe, 900–1300. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997.
Walter Ullmann. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Idea of Kingship. London: Methuen, 1969.

[1] Goldberg 1999, 41: "the east Frankish kingdom [was] a political entity that laid the foundations for the kingdom of Germany".

[2] Istilah "Francia", tanah Frank, umumnya digunakan untuk merujuk kepada kekaisaran tersebut. Dinasti pemerintahannya adalah Frank, meskipun para penduduknya kebanyakan non-Frank.

[3] Bradbury 2007, 21: "... division which gradually hardened into the establishment of separate kingdoms, notably East and West Francia, or what we can begin to call Germany and France."

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