Beta-laktam: Perbedaan antara revisi
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==Signifikansi klinis==
==Sintesis==
β-laktam sintetik pertama dibuat oleh [[Hermann Staudinger]] pada tahun 1907 melalui reaksi basa Schiff dari [[anilin]] dan [[benzaldehida]] dengan difenilketena<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tidwell TT | title = Hugo (Ugo) Schiff, Schiff bases, and a century of beta-lactam synthesis | journal = Angewandte Chemie | volume = 47 | issue = 6 | pages = 1016–20 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18022986 | doi = 10.1002/anie.200702965 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Staudinger H | journal = Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. | title = Zur Kenntniss der Ketene. Diphenylketen | date = 1907 | volume = 356 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 51–123 | doi = 10.1002/jlac.19073560106 | author-link = Hermann Staudinger | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1427571 | access-date = 2019-06-27 | archive-date = 2020-08-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200802214234/https://zenodo.org/record/1427571 | url-status = live }}</ref> dalam [[sikloadisi]] [2+2] (Ph menunjukkan gugus fungsi fenil):
[[Image:StaudingerLactam.svg]]
Banyak metode telah dikembangkan untuk sintesis β-laktam.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/cr0307300|title=Β-Lactams: Versatile Building Blocks for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Non-β-Lactam Products|year=2007|last1=Alcaide|first1=Benito|last2=Almendros|first2=Pedro|last3=Aragoncillo|first3=Cristina|journal=Chemical Reviews|volume=107|issue=11|pages=4437–4492|pmid=17649981}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hosseyni|first1=Seyedmorteza|last2=Jarrahpour|first2=Aliasghar|date=2018|title=Recent advances in β-lactam synthesis|url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C8OB01833B|journal=Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry|language=en|volume=16|issue=38|pages=6840–6852|doi=10.1039/C8OB01833B|pmid=30209477|issn=1477-0520}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pitts|first1=Cody Ross|last2=Lectka|first2=Thomas|date=2014-08-27|title=Chemical Synthesis of β-Lactams: Asymmetric Catalysis and Other Recent Advances|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr4005549|journal=Chemical Reviews|language=en|volume=114|issue=16|pages=7930–7953|doi=10.1021/cr4005549|pmid=24555548|issn=0009-2665|access-date=2020-12-17|archive-date=2022-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721062126/https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr4005549|url-status=live}}</ref>
Sintesis Breckpot β-laktam<ref name=":0">{{Citation|title=Breckpot β-Lactam Synthesis|date=2010-09-15|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9780470638859.conrr115|work=Comprehensive Organic Name Reactions and Reagents|pages=521–524|place=Hoboken, NJ, USA|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|language=en|doi=10.1002/9780470638859.conrr115|isbn=978-0-470-63885-9|access-date=2021-02-04|archive-date=2024-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116093300/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9780470638859.conrr115|url-status=live}}</ref> menghasilkan β-laktam tersubstitusi melalui siklisasi [[ester]] [[asam amino]] beta dengan menggunakan pereaksi Grignard.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pmf.ukim.edu.mk/PMF/Chemistry/reactions/breckpot.htm |title=Breckpot Synthesis |vauthors=Bogdanov B, Zdravkovski Z, Hristovski K |website=Institute of Chemistry Skopje |access-date=2014-12-30 |archive-date=2015-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106234526/http://www.pmf.ukim.edu.mk/PMF/Chemistry/reactions/breckpot.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pereaksi Mukaiyama juga digunakan dalam sintesis Breckpot yang dimodifikasi.<ref name=":0"/>
[[File:Breckpot synthesis.jpg|Sintesis Breckpot]]
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