Chindit
Chindit, secara resmi dikenal sebagai Kelompok Penerobosan Jarak Jauh, adalah unit operasi khusus dari angkatan darat Britania dan India, yang terlibat aksi pada tahun 1943–1944, selama Kampanye Burma dalam Perang Dunia II. Kreasi dari Brigadir Orde Charles Wingate Angkatan Darat Britania, Chindit dibentuk untuk operasi serangan terhadap Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran Jepang, khususnya penerobosan jarak jauh: menyerang pasukan, fasilitas, dan jalur komunikasi Jepang, jauh di belakang garis Jepang.
| Chindits (Long Range Penetration Groups) | |
|---|---|
 Sebuah barisan Chindit menyeberangi sebuah sungai di Burma; personel yang menderita disenteri sering telanjang. | |
| Aktif | 1942–1945 |
| Negara |  India Britania |
| Cabang |  Angkatan Darat India |
| Tipe unit | Pasukan khusus |
| Peran | Penerobosan jarak jauh |
| Jumlah personel | 9.000 hingga 12.000 |
| Markas | Jhansi, India |
| Pertempuran | Kampanye Burma dalam Perang Dunia II |
| Dekorasi | Empat anggotanya dianugerahi Victoria Cross |
| Tokoh | |
| Tokoh berjasa | Orde Wingate, "Joe" Lentaigne |
| Insignia | |
| Lambang formasi dari Chindit (juga dikenal sebagai Divisi Infantri India ke-3).[1] |  |
Operasi mereka ditandai dengan pawai yang berkepanjangan melalui medan yang sangat sulit, oleh pasukan yang kurang makan yang sering diperlemah oleh penyakit seperti malaria dan disentri. Terdapat kontroversi mengenai tingkat korban sangat tinggi dan nilai militer yang diragukan dari pencapaian para Chindit.
Latar belakang dan pembentukan
During the East African Campaign of 1940–41, Wingate – under General Archibald Wavell, Commander-in-Chief of the Middle East Command – had begun to explore guerilla tactics, when he created and commanded a unit known as Gideon Force, composed of regular troops from Sudan and Ethiopia, as well as Ethiopean partisans. Gideon Force disrupted Italian supply lines and collected intelligence.
Lihat juga
Catatan
- ^ Cole p. 77
Referensi
- Allen, Louis (1984). Burma: The longest War 1941-45. J.M. Dent & Sons. ISBN 0-460-02474-4.
- Bidwell, Shelford (1979). The Chindit war : the campaigns in Burma, 1944. London: Hodder & Stoughton. OCLC 221110416.
- Brayley, Martin (2002). The British Army 1939-45 (3): The Far East. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-238-5.
- Callahan, R. (1978). Wingate in Burma 1942-1945. London: Davis-Poynter.
- Chinnery, Philip (2010). Wingate's lost Brigade. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-84884-054-6.
- Cloonan, Colonel (US MC) Cliff (May 1999). "The Dark Side of Command". Special Operations Combat Medical Course: SOF Medicine Module: Mogadishu Raid Exercise. www.brooksidepress.org. hlm. 52.
- Cole, Howard (1973). Formation Badges of World War 2. Britain, Commonwealth and Empire. London: Arms and Armour Press.
- Masters, John (2002) [1961]. The Road Past Mandalay. London: Cassel. ISBN 0-304-36157-7.
- Captain Herring. Operational Report of Dah Force. Imperial War Museum. hlm. 1.[perlu rujukan lengkap]
- Prasad, S. N.; Bhargava, K.D.; Khera, P.N. (1958). Prasad, Bisheshwar, ed. The Reconquest of Burma, volume 1: June 1942-June 1944. Official History of Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War. Calcutta: Combined Inter-Services Historical Section (India & Pakistan). OCLC 255287142.
- Slim, William (1956). Defeat Into Victory. London: Cassell. OCLC 1296031.
- Thompson, Peter (2008). Pacific Fury. North Sydney: Heineman. ISBN 978-1-74166-708-0.
- Thompson, Robert (1989). Make for the hills : memories of Far Eastern wars. London: Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-761-9.
- Tulloch, Derek (1972). Wingate in Peace and War. London: Macdonald. ISBN 0-356-03877-7. Autobiography by Wingate's Chief of Staff
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Latimer, Jon (2004). Burma: The Forgotten War. John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-6576-6.
- Rhodes-James, Richard (1980). Chindit. J Murray. ISBN 0-7195-3746-0.
Pranala luar
- Material on Wingate's Burma Campaign (histories, personal accounts, biographies)
- Royal Engineers Museum Engineers with the Chindits
- http://www.wolftree.freeserve.co.uk/Burma/Burma4.html
- The Chindits
- Office of the US Surgeon General: Office of Medical History: Book 4, With Wingate's Chindits index
- G. V. Faulkner, MD, MC. Medical Report on Operations, 77th Indian Infantry Brigade
- Chindits 1943 / 1944 roll of honour, awards and images.
- http://www.thechindit.co.uk