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Baris 1:
{{Tambah kutipan|date=Desember 2023}}
{{Bentuk Pemerintah}}
{{politik}}
'''Diktator''' adalah pemimpin politik yang memiliki [[Kekuasaan|kekuasaan absolut]]. Kediktatoran adalah negara yang diperintah oleh seorang diktator atau sebuah kelompok kecil.<ref name="auto">{{Cite journal |date=July 2001 |title=Lessons in On-Line Reference Publishing''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary''. Merriam-Webster''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Thesaurus''. Merriam-Webster''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Encyclopedia''. Merriam-Webster |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/603287 |journal=The Library Quarterly |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=392–399 |doi=10.1086/603287 |s2cid=148183387 |issn=0024-2519}}</ref> Kata tersebut berasal dari gelar [[diktator Romawi]] yang dipilih oleh [[Senat Romawi]] untuk memerintah republik pada [[Justitium|masa darurat]].<ref name="auto"/>
==
{{multiple image|direction=vertical|width=300|align=right|image1=2021 Freedom House world map.png|image2=Democracy Index 2020.svg|caption1=Klasifikasi negara-negara menurut Freedom House dalam survei ''Freedom in the World 2021'' tentang keadaan kebebasan dunia pada tahun 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://freedomhouse.org/explore-the-map?type=fiw&year=2021|title=Freedom in the World Countries|publisher=[[Freedom House]]|website=freedomhouse.org|language=en|access-date=13 Juni 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Repucci|first1=Sarah|last2=Slipowitz|first2=Amy|url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/FIW2021_World_02252021_FINAL-web-upload.pdf|title=Freedom in the World 2021 – Democracy under Siege|publisher=Freedom House|date=25 Februari 2021|language=en|access-date=13 Juni 2021}}</ref><center>{{legend inline|#16A983|Bebas (86)}} {{legend inline|#E5B63B|Sebagian bebas (59)}} {{legend inline|#6973A5|Tidak bebas (50)}}</center>|caption2=[[Indeks Demokrasi|Indeks demokrasi tahun 2020]] menurut ''[[Economist Intelligence Unit]]'' yang mana negara-negara yang ditandai dengan dua jenis warna merah diklasifikasikan sebagai tidak demokratis dan bentuk pemerintahannya sering kali bersifat [[Diktatur|kediktatoran]].<ref name="Index 2020">{{Cite web|url=https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020|title=Democracy Index 2020: In sickness and in health?|publisher=[[Economist Intelligence Unit]]|website=eiu.com|url-access=registration|date=2 Februari 2021|language=en|access-date=13 Juni 2021}}</ref></center>}}
'''Diktatorisme''' adalah sebuah paham yang artinya diambil dari kata "diktator" artinya orang yang memerintah suatu negara/pemerintahan dengan hak-hak dan kekuasaan absolut dan -isme yang berarti sebuah pemahaman maka disimpulkan diktatorisme adalah sebuah paham yang dianut oleh suatu negara untuk dipimpin oleh seorang pemimpin otoriter yang mempunyai hak dan kewajiban absolut. Adapun diktatorisme cenderung lebih banyak dipraktikkan di negara-negara Eropa seperti [[Jerman]], [[Polandia]], [[Perancis]], dan [[Italia]].▼
▲'''
== Daftar diktator ==
Baris 13 ⟶ 16:
! Nama !! Negara !! Tahun berkuasa !! Akhir berkuasa !! [[Ideologi]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Afewerki Isaias</span> [[Isaias Afewerki]] || {{flag|Eritrea}} || 1991 ||
▲| <span style="display:none">Afewerki Isaias</span> [[Isaias Afewerki]] || {{flag|Eritrea}} || 1991 || present ||
[[Nasionalisme|Nasionalis]] [[Diktator konstitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Amin Idi</span> [[Idi Amin]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flag|Uganda}} || 1971 || 1979 || [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Assad Bashar</span> [[Bashar al-Assad]]<ref name="cbs">"[http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20055835-503543/the-worlds-enduring-dictators/ The world's enduring dictators] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609095126/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20055835-503543/the-worlds-enduring-dictators/ |date=2013-06-09 }}". CBS News. May 16, 2011.</ref> || {{flag|
|-
| <span style="display:none">Assad Hafez</span> [[Hafez al-Assad]] || {{flag|
|-
| <span style="display:none">Bainimarama Frank</span> [[Frank Bainimarama]] || {{flag|Fiji}} || 2006 || petahana || [[Diktator militer]]
Baris 28 ⟶ 29:
| <span style="display:none">Barre Siad</span> [[Siad Barre]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Somalia.svg}} [[Republik Demokratik Somalia|Somalia]] || 1969 || 1991 || [[Komunisme|Komunis]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Bashir Omar</span> [[Omar al-Bashir]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flagicon image|Flag of Sudan.svg}} [[Sudan]] || 1989 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Batista Fulgencio</span> [[Fulgencio Batista]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flag|Cuba}} || 1952 || 1959 || [[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Berdimuhamedow Gurbanguly</span> [[Gurbanguly
|-
| <span style="display:none">Bokassa Jean-Bédel</span> [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] || {{flag|Central African Republic}} || 1966 || 1979 || [[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Bongo Omar</span> [[Omar Bongo]] || {{flag|Gabon}} || 1967 || 2009 || [[Diktator konstitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Bozizé François</span> [[François Bozizé]] || {{flag|Central African Republic}} || 2003 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Castro Fidel</span> [[Fidel Castro]] || {{flag|Cuba}} || 1959 || 2008 || [[Marxisme-Leninisme|Marxis-Leninis]] [[Komunisme]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Castro Raúl</span> [[Raúl Castro]] || {{flag|Cuba}} || 2008 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Ceaușescu Nicolae</span> [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flagicon image|Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg}} [[Republik Sosialis Rumania|Romania]] || 1965 || 1989 || [[Komunisme]]
Baris 50 ⟶ 49:
| <span style="display:none">Chiang Kai-shek</span> [[Chiang Kai-shek]] || {{flag|Republic of China}} || 1927 || 1975 || [[Kuomintang|Nasionalis China]]/[[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Compaore Blaise</span> [[Blaise Compaoré]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Burkina Faso}} || 1987 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Deby Idriss</span> [[Idriss Déby]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Chad}} || 1990 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Diaz Porfirio</span> [[Porfirio Díaz]] || {{flag|Mexico|1893}} || 1876 || 1911 || [[Diktator militer|Militer]]/[[Diktator konstitusional]]
Baris 58 ⟶ 57:
| <span style="display:none">Doo-hwan Chun</span> [[Chun Doo-hwan]] || {{flag|South Korea}} || 1979 || 1988 || [[Diktator militer|Militer]]/[[Diktator konstitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Dollfuss Engelbert</span> [[Engelbert Dollfuss]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Austria.svg}} [[Republik
|-
| <span style="display:none">Duvalier Francois</span> [[François Duvalier]] || {{flag|Haiti|1964}} || 1957 || 1971 || [[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Duvalier Jean Claude</span> [[Jean Claude Duvalier]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flag|Haiti|1964}} || 1971 || 1986 || [[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator konstitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Franco Francisco</span> [[Francisco Franco]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Spain 1945 1977.svg}} [[Spanyol dibawah Fransisco Franco|
|-
| <span style="display:none">Fujimori Alberto</span> [[Alberto Fujimori]] || {{flag|Peru}} || 1990 || 2000 || [[Anti-komunisme|Anti-komunis]] [[Diktator konstitusional]] ([[Fujimorisme]])
Baris 86 ⟶ 83:
| <span style="display:none">Honecker Erich</span> [[Erich Honecker]] || {{flag|Jerman Timur}} || 1971 || 1989 || [[Komunisme]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Horthy Miklos</span> [[Miklós Horthy]] || {{flagcountry|Kerajaan
|-
| <span style="display:none">Hussein Saddam</span> [[Saddam Hussein]]<ref name="time" >"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2097426_2097427_2097445,00.html Top 15 Toppled Dictators] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910235441/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2097426_2097427_2097445,00.html |date=2012-09-10 }}". ''Time''. October 20, 2011.</ref> || {{flagicon image|Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004.svg}} [[Dewan Komando Revolusioner Irak|Iraq]] || 1979 || 2003 || [[Ba'athisme]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Kagame Paul</span> [[Paul Kagame]] || {{flag|Rwanda}} || 1994 || petahana || [[Diktator militer]]/[[Diktator konstitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Karimov Islam</span> [[Islam Karimov]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || 1990 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Khan Ayub</span> [[Ayub Khan (Field Marshal)|Ayub Khan]] || {{flag|Pakistan}} || 1958 || 1969 || [[Diktator militer]]/[[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
Baris 100 ⟶ 97:
| <span style="display:none">Khomeini Ayatollah</span> [[Ruhollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Khomeini]] || {{flag|Iran}} || 1979 || 1989 || [[Islam Shia]] [[teokrasi]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Khamenei Ayatollah</span> [[Ali Khamenei|Ayatollah Khamenei]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Iran}} || 1989 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Kim Il-sung</span> [[Kim Il-sung]] || {{flag|North Korea}} || 1948 || 1994 || [[Juche]]
Baris 106 ⟶ 103:
| <span style="display:none">Kim Jong-il</span> [[Kim Jong-il]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|North Korea}} || 1994 || 2011 || [[Juche]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Kim Jong-un</span> [[Kim Jong-un]] || {{flag|North Korea}} || 2011 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Lukashenko Alexander</span> [[Alexander Lukashenko]] || {{flag|Belarus}} || 1994 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">
|-
| <span style="display:none">
|-
| <span style="display:none">Mengistu Haile Mariam</span> [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Ethiopia (1975-1987, 1991-1996).svg}} [[Derg|Ethiopia]] || 1977 || 1991 || [[Komunisme]] [[Diktator militer]]
Baris 124 ⟶ 119:
| <span style="display:none">Mubarak Hosni</span> [[Hosni Mubarak]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flag|Egypt}} || 1981 || 2011 || [[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Mugabe Robert</span> [[Robert Mugabe]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Zimbabwe}} || 1980 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Museveni Yoweri</span> [[Yoweri Museveni]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Uganda}} || 1986 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Musharraf Pervez</span> [[Pervez Musharraf]] || {{flag|Pakistan}} || 1998 || 2008 || [[Pakistani nasionalisme]][[Diktator militer]]
Baris 134 ⟶ 129:
| <span style="display:none">Nguema Francisco Macias</span> [[Francisco Macías Nguema]] || {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}} || 1968 || 1979 || [[Nasionalisme]] [[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Nguema Mbasogo Teodoro Obiang</span> [[Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}} || 1979 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Nguesso Denis Sassou</span> [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]] || {{flag|Congo}} || 1979 || 1992 || [[Nasionalisme]][[Diktator militer]]
Baris 148 ⟶ 143:
| <span style="display:none">Pavelic Ante</span> [[Ante Pavelic]] || {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Independent_State_of_Croatia.svg}} [[Negara Independen Kroasia]] || 1940 || 1944 || [[Ustaše|Fasisme]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Petain Philippe</span> [[Philippe Pétain]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of France.svg}} [[Vichy
|-
| <span style="display:none">Pilsudski Jozef</span> [[Józef Pilsudski]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}} [[Republik Polandia Kedua|Poland]] || 1926 || 1935 || [[Diktator militer]]/[[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
Baris 158 ⟶ 153:
| <span style="display:none">Primo de Rivera Miguel</span> [[Miguel Primo de Rivera, 2nd Marquis of Estella|Miguel Primo de Rivera]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg}} [[Spain under the Restoration|Spain]] || 1923 || 1930 || [[Diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Rahmon Emomalii</span> [[Emomalii Rahmon]]<ref name="cbs" /> || {{flag|Tajikistan}} || 1992 ||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Rios Montt Efrain</span> [[Efraín Ríos Montt]] || {{flag|Guatemala}} || 1982 || 1983 || [[Diktator militer]]
Baris 164 ⟶ 159:
| <span style="display:none">Rojas Pinilla Gustavo</span> [[Gustavo Rojas Pinilla]] || {{flag|Colombia}} || 1953 || 1957 ||[[Diktator militer]]/[[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Quisling Vidkun</span> [[Vidkun Quisling]] || {{flagicon image|Flag of German Reich (1935–1945).svg}} [[Reichskommissariat Norwegen|Norway]] || 1940 || 1945 || [[Nazisme|Nazi]] [[negara boneka
|-
| <span style="display:none">Salazar Antonio de Oliveira</span> [[António de Oliveira Salazar]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flagicon image|Flag of Portugal.svg}} [[Estado Novo|Portugal]] || 1932 || 1968 || [[Fasisme]]/Anti-[[Komunisme]] [[kediktatoran militer]]
Baris 174 ⟶ 169:
| <span style="display:none">Somoza Garcia Anastasio</span> [[Anastasio Somoza García]] || {{flag|Nicaragua}} || 1936 || 1956 || [[Diktator militer|Military]]/[[Kediktatoran konsitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Somoza Debayle Luis</span> [[Luis Somoza Debayle]] || {{flag|Nicaragua}} || 1956 || 1967 || [[Diktator militer
|-
| <span style="display:none">Stalin Joseph</span> [[Joseph Stalin]] || {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg}} [[Uni Soviet]]||
|-
| <span style="display:none">Stroessner Alfredo</span> [[Alfredo Stroessner]]<ref name="time" /> || {{flag|Paraguay}} || 1954 || 1989 || Anti-[[Komunisme]] [[Diktator militer]]
|-
|
[[Anti-komunisme diktator militer]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Rhee Syngman</span> [[Syngman Rhee]] || {{flag|South Korea}} || 1948 || 1960 || Anti-[[komunisme]]/Kediktatoran [[konsitusional]]
Baris 194 ⟶ 190:
| <span style="display:none">Zia-ul-Haq Muhammad</span> [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] || {{flag|Pakistan}} || 1978 || 1988 || [[Diktator militer]]/Kediktatoran [[konsitusional]]
|-
| <span style="display:none">Ataturk Mustafa Kemal </span> [[Mustafa Kemal Ataturk]]<ref name=":0">{{cite web|author=Eric Watson|date=March 27, 2015|title=Lee Kuan Yew & The Curious Legacies of "Benevolent Dictators"|url=http://thepolicywire.com/lee-kuan-yew-the-curious-legacies-of-benevolent-dictators/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208123234/http://thepolicywire.com/lee-kuan-yew-the-curious-legacies-of-benevolent-dictators/|archive-date=2015-12-08|access-date=2015-11-27|work=The Policy Wire}}</ref> || {{flag|Turkey}} || 1923|| 1938 || Kediktatoran [[konsitusional]]
|
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Diktatur|Diktatur (kediktatoran)]]
== Referensi ==
Baris 204 ⟶ 200:
== Pranala luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.arthuredelstein.org/worlddictators Daftar diktator dunia tahun ini]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{en}} [http://www.dictatorofthemonth.com/English/English_welcome.htm Dictator of the Month]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{en}} [http://www.thedictatorship.com TheDictatorship.com]
[[Kategori:Kepala negara]]
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