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Baris 1:
{{Infobox Former Country
|native_name = ''
|conventional_long_name = Pemerintah Formosa
|common_name = Formosa
Baris 16:
|year_end = 1662
|date_end = 1 Februari 1662
|p1 =
|
|s1 = Kerajaan Tungning
|flag_s1 = Flag of Ming Cheng.svg
Baris 24:
|image_map = Dutch and Spanish Taiwan.png
|image_map_caption = Lokasi Formosa Belanda (magenta), [[Kerajaan Middag]] (oranye), dan [[Formosa Spanyol|Kepunyaan Spanyol]] (hijau) di Taiwan, sebuah peta tumpang-tindih dari pulau saat ini.
|common_languages = [[bahasa Belanda|Belanda]], [[rumpun bahasa Formosa|bahasa Formosa]], [[Hokkian|Hokkien]]
|government_type = Koloni
|capital = [[Kastil Kuno Anping|Zeelandia]] (Anping, Tainan saat ini)
Baris 37:
|representative2 = Frederick Coyett
|year_representative2 = 1656–1662
|event1 = [[Pengepungan Benteng Zeelandia|Pengepungan Fort Zeelandia]]
|date_event1 = 1661–1662
}}
Baris 43:
{{Sejarah Taiwan}}
Pulau [[Taiwan]], secara historis dikenal sebagai Formosa, berada di bawah kekuasaan [[koloni
Pada masa pemerintahan Belanda, terlihat perkembangan ekonomi di Taiwan, termasuk perburuan [[rusa]] berskala besar dan budidaya [[padi]] dan [[tebu]] dengan mendatangkan tenaga kerja [[suku Han|bangsa Han]] dari Kekaisaran Ming. Belanda juga berusaha untuk mengubah agama [[penduduk asli Taiwan]] menjadi [[Kekristenan|Kristiani]], dan menekan aspek budaya tradisional yang mereka temukan tidak dapat diperkenankan, seperti [[pemburuan kepala]], [[aborsi paksa]] dan [[ketelanjangan]] publik.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hsu |first=Mutsu |year=1991 |title=Culture, Self and Adaptation: The Psychological Anthropology of Two Malayo-Polynesian Groups in Taiwan |publisher=Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica |place=Taipei, Taiwan |isbn=9789579046794 |oclc=555680313 |ol=1328279M}}</ref>
Belanda tidak sepenuhnya disambut dan pemberontakan yang dilakukan baik oleh penduduk asli dan orang Han yang datang belakangan ditumpas oleh militer Belanda lebih dari satu kesempatan. Masa kolonial selama 37 tahun itu diakhiri dengan invasi oleh tentara [[Koxinga]] pada tahun 1667.
== Sejarah ==
=== Latar belakang ===
[[
Pada awal abad ke-17, pasukan Katolik dari Spanyol dan [[Kerajaan
Dalam sebuah ekspedisi tahun 1604 dari [[
Perusahaan Hindia Belanda Timur
Belanda menyerang pengapalan Tiongkok setelah tahun 1618 dan mengambil sandera rongsokan dalam sebuah upaya gagal untuk memaksa Tiongkok memenuhi tuntutan mereka.{{sfnb|Cooper|1979|p=658}}{{sfnb|Freeman|2003|p=132}}{{sfnb|Thomson|1996|p=39}}
Pada tahun 1622, setelah [[Pertempuran Makau|serangan Belanda terhadap Makau]] lainnya yang tidak berhasil, ([[pos perdagangan]] [[Portugal]] dari tahun 1557), armada tersebut berlayar ke Pescadores, kali ini dengan sengaja, dan melanjutkan untuk mendirikan sebuah pangkalan di [[Makung]].
==Referensi==▼
== Catatan ==
{{reflist}}
▲== Referensi ==
{{Refbegin |colwidth=60em}}
* {{cite book |last=Andrade |first=Tonio |title=How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2005 |url=http://www.gutenberg-e.org/andrade/ |ref=harv |access-date=2016-11-10 |archive-date=2019-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815174349/http://www.gutenberg-e.org/andrade/ |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book |last=Blussé |first=Leonard |chapter=Dutch Protestant Missionaries as Protagonists of the Territorial Expansion of the VOC on Formosa |title=Conversion, Competition and Conflict : essays on the role of religion in Asia |editor=Kooiman, van den Muijzenburg & van der Veer |publisher=Free University Press |location=Amsterdam |year=1984 |isbn=9789062560851 |ref=Blusse1984}}
* {{cite book |last=Blussé |first=Leonard |title=After Colonialism: Imperial Histories and Postcolonial Displacement |url=https://archive.org/details/aftercolonialism0000unse |chapter=Retribution and Remorse: The Interaction between the Administration and the Protestant Mission in Early Colonial Formosa |editor=Prakash, Gyan |year=1994 |isbn=9780691037424 |publisher=Princeton University Press |ref=Blusse1994}}
* {{cite book |last=Blussé |first=Leonard |editor=Blundell, David |title=Austronesian Taiwan |year=2000 |publisher=University of California |location=California |chapter=The Cave of the Black Spirits |isbn=9780936127095 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Blussé |editor-first=Leonard |editor2-last=Everts |editor2-first=Natalie |editor3-last=Frech |editor3-first=Evelien |title=The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa's Aboriginal Society: A Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources |volume=Vol. I |publisher=Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines |year=1999 |isbn=9579976724 |ref=NotesI}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Blussé |editor-first=Leonard |editor2-last=Everts |editor2-first=Natalie |title=The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa's Aboriginal Society: A Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources |volume=Vol. II |publisher=Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines |year=2000 |isbn=9579976775 |ref=NotesII}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Blussé |editor-first=Leonard |editor2-last=Everts |editor2-first=Natalie |title=The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa's Aboriginal Society: A Selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources |volume=Vol. III |publisher=Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines |year=2006 |isbn=9573028735 |ref=NotesIII}}
* {{cite book |title=The Gospel of St Matthew in Formosan (Sinkang Dialect) with Corresponding Versions in Dutch and English; Edited from Gravius's Edition of 1661 |author=Campbell, William |origyear=1888 |year=1996 |publisher=Southern Materials Center |location=Taipei, Taiwan |isbn=9576382998 |ref=Gravius |authorlink=William Campbell (missionary) |lccn=2006478012}}
* {{cite book |title=Formosa under the Dutch: Described from Contemporary Records |last=Campbell |first=William |authorlink=William Campbell (missionary) |year=1903 |publisher=Kegan Paul |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/formosaunderdut01campgoog |oclc=644323041 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=The Colonial 'Civilizing Process' in Dutch Formosa, 1624–1662 |isbn=9789004165076 |last=Chiu | first=Hsin-hui |year=2008 |publisher=Brill |oclc=592756301 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine, and Science in the Dutch Golden Age |first=Harold John |last=Cook |volume= |edition= |year=2007 |publisher=Yale University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aNBWudWBOsQC |isbn=9780300134926 |accessdate=10 March 2014 |oclc=191734183 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=The New Cambridge Modern History IV |volume=The Decline of Spain and the Thirty Years War, 1609-59 |editor-first=J. P. |editor-last=Cooper |edition=reprint |year=1979 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gbU8AAAAIAAJ |isbn=9780521297134 |accessdate=10 March 2014 |oclc=655601868 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |isbn=9780813339559 |title=Taiwan: Nation-State or Province? |url=https://archive.org/details/taiwannationstat0004copp |edition=4th |last=Copper |first=John F. |year=2003 |publisher=Westview Press |series=Nations of the Modern World |ref=Copper2003 }}
* {{cite book |last=Copper |first=John F. |isbn=9780810856004 |edition=3rd |title=Historical Dictionary of Taiwan |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000copp |year=2007 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Metuchen, New Jersey |ref=Copper2007 }}
* {{cite book |title=Pentecost of the Hills in Taiwan: The Christian Faith Among the Original Inhabitants |first=Ralph R. |last=Covell |edition=illustrated |year=1998 |publisher=Hope Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oaP2UFZVGDoC |isbn=9780932727909 |oclc=833099470 |ref=harv |access-date=2016-11-10 |archive-date=2023-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410193134/https://books.google.com/books?id=oaP2UFZVGDoC |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book |title='t Verwaerloosde Formosa |trans-title=Neglected Formosa |author=Coyett, Frederick |year=1675 |language=Dutch |ref=Coyett |authorlink=Frederick Coyett |url=https://archive.org/details/tverwaerloosdef00coyegoog }}
* {{cite book |title=The Island of Formosa Past and Present |last=Davidson |first=James W. |authorlink=James W. Davidson |year=1903 |publisher=Macmillan & co. |location=London and New York |url=https://archive.org/details/islandofformosap00davi |ol=6931635M |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China |issue=Issue 212 of Contributions in economics and economic history |ISSN=0084-9235 |first=Gang |last=Deng |edition=illustrated |year=1999 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddcV_cGegX4C |isbn=9780313307126 |ol=9616521M |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Everts |first=Natalie |editor=Blundell, David |title=Austronesian Taiwan |year=2000 |publisher=University of California |location=California |chapter=Jacob Lamay van Taywan: An Indigenous Formosan Who Became an Amsterdam Citizen |isbn=0936127090 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Straits of Malacca: Gateway or Gauntlet? |first=Donald B. |last=Freeman |volume= |edition= |year=2003 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7W93v4C30JUC |isbn=077357087X |accessdate=10 March 2014 |ol=3357584M |oclc=50790090 |jstor=j.ctt7zzph |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644 |volume=2 |editor1-first=Luther Carrington |editor1-last=Goodrich |editor2-last=Fang |editor2-first=Chaoying |others=Association for Asian Studies. Ming Biographical History Project Committee |edition=illustrated |year=1976 |publisher=Columbia University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWpF-dObxW8C |isbn=9780231038331 |ol=10195413M |oclc=643638442 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Glamann |first=Kristof |title=Dutch-Asiatic Trade, 1620–1740 |year=1958 |publisher=M. Nijhoff |location=The Hague |isbn=9789400983618 |doi=10.1007/978-94-009-8361-8 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Dutch Formosan Placard-book, Marriage, and Baptism Records |editor-last=Heyns |editor-first=Pol |editor2-last=Cheng |editor2-first=Wei-chung |year=2005 |isbn=9867602013 |publisher=The Ts'ao Yung-ho Foundation for Culture and Education |location=Taipei |ref=Placard}}
* {{cite book |title=Amoy and the Surrounding Districts: Compiled from Chinese and Other Records |first=George |last=Hughes |year=1872 |publisher=De Souza & Company |url=https://archive.org/details/amoyandsurround00hughgoog |oclc=77480774 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=Leyden Studies in Sinology: Papers Presented at the Conference Held in Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Sinological Institute of Leyden University, December 8-12, 1980 |editor-first=Wilt Lukas |editor-last=Idema |others=Contributor Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden. Sinologisch instituut |volume=Volume 15 of Sinica Leidensia |edition=illustrated |year=1981 |publisher=BRILL |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dogeAAAAIAAJ |isbn=9789004065291 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=L'île Formose: Histoire et Déscription |last=Imbault-Huart |first=Camille-Clément |origyear=1893 |year=1995 |publisher=Southern Materials Center |isbn=9576382912 |location=Taipei |language=French |ref=Imbault}}
* {{cite book |last=Keliher |first=Macabe |title=Out of China or Yu Yonghe's Tales of Formosa: A History of 17th Century Taiwan |year=2003 |isbn=9789576386091 |publisher=Southern Materials Center |location=Taipei |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=China's Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan |last=Knapp |first=Ronald G. |origyear=1980 |year=1995 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |location=Hawaii |isbn=957638334X |oclc=848963435 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Maritime Silk Road |first=Qingxin |last=Li |others=Translated by William W. Wang |year=2006 |publisher=五洲传播出版社 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TV6f2XWG6t4C |isbn=9787508509327 |accessdate=10 March 2014 |oclc=781420577 |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=China, Her History, Diplomacy, and Commerce: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day |editor-first=Edward Harper |editor-last=Parker |edition=2 |year=1917 |publisher=J. Murray |url=https://archive.org/details/china00parkgoog |ol=6603922M |oclc=2234675 }}
* {{cite book |title=Taiwan: A Political History |url=https://archive.org/details/taiwanpoliticalh0000unse |last=Roy |first=Denny |year=2003 |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, New York |isbn=9780801488054 |ol=7849250M |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600–1800 |url=https://archive.org/details/statecraftpoliti0000shep |last=Shepherd |first=John Robert |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=9780804720663 |year=1993 |oclc=25025794 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Marriage and mandatory abortion among the 17th-century Siraya |url=https://archive.org/details/marriagemandator0000shep |last=Shepherd |first=John Robert |year=1995 |publisher=American Anthropological Association |location=Arlington, Virginia, USA |series=American Ethnological Society Monograph Series, No. 6 |isbn=9780913167717 |ol=783080M |ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |title=Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns: State-Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern Europe |first=Janice E. |last=Thomson |volume= |edition=reprint |year=1996 |publisher=Princeton University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvylnkgJ9ycC |isbn=9781400821242 |oclc=873012076 |jstor=j.ctt7t30p |accessdate=10 March 2014 |ref=harv |archive-date=2023-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410193136/https://books.google.com/books?id=EvylnkgJ9ycC |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book |last=Ts'ao |first=Yung-ho |authorlink=Ts'ao Yung-ho |origyear=1979 |year=2006 |script-title=zh:臺灣早期歷史硏究 |trans-title=Research into Early Taiwan History |publisher=Lianjing |location=Taipei |isbn=9789570806984 |language=Chinese |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Ts'ao |first=Yung-ho |year=2000 |script-title=zh:臺灣早期歷史硏究續集 |trans-title=Research into Early Taiwan History: Continued |publisher=Lianjing |location=Taipei |isbn=9789570821536 |language=Chinese |ref=Tsao2000}}
* {{cite book |title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, Part 2; Parts 1368-1644 |editor1-first=Denis C. |editor1-last=Twitchett |editor2-first=Frederick W. |editor2-last=Mote |year=1998 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC |isbn=9780521243339 |doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521243339 |ol=25552136M |ref=harv |access-date=2016-11-10 |archive-date=2023-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410193137/https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book |last=Valentijn |first=François |authorlink=François Valentijn |chapter=History of the Dutch Trade |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/formosaunderdut01campgoog#page/n41/mode/1up |orig-year=First published 1724 in ''Oud en Nieuw Oost-Indiën'' |editor-last=Campbell |editor-first=William |editorlink=William Campbell (missionary) |title=Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island |year=1903 |publisher=Kegan Paul |location=London |lccn=04007338 |ref=harv }}
* {{Cite book |last=van Veen |first=Ernst |chapter=How the Dutch Ran a Seveenteenth-Century Colony: The Occupation and Loss of Formosa 1624–1662 |year=2003 |editor-last=Blussé |editor-first=Leonard |title=Around and About Formosa |publisher=Southern Materials Center |isbn=9789867602008 |ol=14547859M |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Wills |first=John E. |editor=Blundell, David |title=Austronesian Taiwan |year=2000 |publisher=University of California |location=California |chapter=The Dutch Reoccupation of Chi-lung, 1664–1668 |isbn=9780936127095 |oclc=51641940 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=China and Maritime Europe, 1500–1800: Trade, Settlement, Diplomacy, and Missions |first=John E., Jr. |last=Wills |others=Contributors: John Cranmer-Byng, Willard J. Peterson, Jr, John W. Witek |volume= |edition= |year=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |ol=24524224M |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511973604 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zERymZzBQQYC |isbn=1139494260 |accessdate=10 March 2014 |ref=harv |archive-date=2023-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410193127/https://books.google.com/books?id=zERymZzBQQYC |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book |title=Twentieth century impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other treaty ports of China: their history, people, commerce, industries, and resources, Volume 1 |first=Arnold |last=Wright |editor-first=H. A. |editor-last=Cartwright |year=1908 |publisher=Lloyds Greater Britain publishing company |oclc=706078863 |ol=13518413M |url=https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00wriguoft |ref=harv }}
{{refend}}
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite journal |last=Andrade |first=Tonio |year=2006 |title=The Rise and Fall of Dutch Taiwan, 1624–1662: Cooperative Colonization and the Statist Model of European Expansion |journal=[[Journal of World History]] |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=429–450 |doi=10.1353/jwh.2006.0052 }}
* {{cite book|last=Valentijn|first=François|authorlink=François Valentijn|url=https://archive.org/details/oudennieuwoostin01vale|title=Oud en nieuw Oost-Indiën|location=Dordrecht|publisher=J. van Braam|year=1724–26|language=Dutch |ol = 25412097M}}
* {{cite book|last=Wills|first=John E. Jr.|year=2005|title=Pepper, Guns, and Parleys: The Dutch East India Company and China, 1622–1681|publisher=Figueroa Press|isbn=978-1-932800-08-1|oclc=64281732}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category|Dutch Formosa}}
* [http://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/formosa/english/index.htm Formosa in 17th century] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611162520/http://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/formosa/english/index.htm |date=2020-06-11 }}
* [http://www.taiwanus.net/history/1/66.htm Dutch Governor of Taiwan (Mandarin)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080716123818/http://www.taiwanus.net/history/1/66.htm |date=2008-07-16 }}
* [http://www.taiwandocuments.org/koxinga.htm Text of the Peace Treaty of 1662] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010128234400/http://www.taiwandocuments.org/koxinga.htm |date=2001-01-28 }}
* [http://www.tshs.tpc.gov.tw/dutchexhibition/ Exhibition on Dutch period of Taiwan in Tamsui] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212022327/http://www.tshs.tpc.gov.tw/dutchexhibition/ |date=2007-02-12 }}
{{Formosa Belanda}}
{{Koloni Belanda}}
[[Kategori:Sejarah Taiwan]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Koloni Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Kontribusi Bulan Asia Wikipedia]]
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