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Revisi per 5 Februari 2024 02.21 sunting Dwianto08 (bicara \| kontrib) 6.155 suntingan →‎Gempa Bumi Tag: halaman dengan galat kutipan Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 21 Maret 2024 21.00 sunting balikkan Dwianto08 (bicara \| kontrib) 6.155 suntingan Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: halaman dengan galat kutipan Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler
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Baris 18: {{Location map~\|Japan\|lat=35.7\|long=139.715\|label=Tokyo\|position=left\|mark=Green pog.svg}} {{Location map~\|Japan\|lat=38.26\|long=140.87\|label=Sendai\|position=left\|mark=Red pog.svg}}}} \| local-date = {{Start date and age\|2011\|03\|11\|df=y}} \| local-time = 14:46 [[Japan Standard Time\|JST]] \| timestamp = 2011-03-11 05:46:24 Baris 30: \| countries affected = {{ubl\|Jepang (guncangan, tsunami)\|[[Samudra Pasifik]] (tsunami)}} \| damage = $360 miliar [[USD]] \| intensity = {{ubl\|{{MMI\|X8}}\|{{JMA\|7}}<ref name="JMA_Earthquake_summary">{{cite web \|last=Japan Meteorological Agency \|title=Information on the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake \|url=https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/en/2011_Earthquake/Information_on_2011_Earthquake.html \|access-date=22 February 2021 \|archive-date=2023-02-10 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210161104/https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/en/2011_Earthquake/Information_on_2011_Earthquake.html \|dead-url=no }}</ref>}} \| pga = 2.99 ''[[Percepatan tanah puncak\|g]]'' \| pgv = Baris 37: \| foreshocks = \| aftershocks = 13,386 ({{as of\|2018\|3\|6\|lc=y}})<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1803/08d/1802offtohokueq.pdf \|title=「平成23年（2011年）東北地方太平洋沖地震」について～７年間の地震活動～ \|editor=Japan Meteorological Agency \|trans-title=About 2011 Tōhoku earthquake – Seismic activities for 7 years \|access-date=18 June 2018 \|archive-date=2022-10-19 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019023517/https://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1803/08d/1802offtohokueq.pdf \|dead-url=no }} on 6 March 2018.</ref><!-- The total (計) listed at the end of p. 5 includes the main shock. --> \| casualties = 19,759 tewas<br>6,242 luka-luka<br>2,553 hilang \| casualties = {{2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami casualties dead}} tewas, {{2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami casualties injured}} luka dan {{2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami casualties missing}} hilang<ref name="npa">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.npa.go.jp/ \|title=Japanese National Police Agency \|access-date=2011-03-16 \|archive-date=2011-03-23 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323040137/https://www.npa.go.jp/interpol/chapter4.htm \|dead-url=no }}</ref> \| citations = <ref name="USGS9.0">{{cite web\|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/official20110311054624120_30#executive \|title=M 9.1 – near the east coast of Honshu, Japan \|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] (USGS) \|access-date=9 November 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110407005101/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usc0001xgp/ \|archive-date=7 April 2011 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thebalance.com/japan-s-2011-earthquake-tsunami-and-nuclear-disaster-3305662\|title=How the 2011 Earthquake in Japan Affected the Global Economy\|first=Kimberly\|last=Amadeo\|website=The Balance\|access-date=8 October 2017\|archive-date=13 May 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513143622/https://www.thebalance.com/japan-s-2011-earthquake-tsunami-and-nuclear-disaster-3305662\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Jakarta Globe">{{cite news\|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/japan-tsunami-strikes-indonesia-one-confirmed-dead/428545 \|title=Japan Tsunami Strikes Indonesia, One Confirmed Dead \|date=12 March 2011 \|work=Jakarta Globe \|access-date=12 March 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315085530/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/japan-tsunami-strikes-indonesia-one-confirmed-dead/428545 \|archive-date=15 March 2011 \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="BNO News">{{ubl\|{{cite web \|url=http://wireupdate.com/wires/16604/body-found-in-oregon-identified-as-missing-tsunami-victim/ \|title=Body found in Oregon identified as missing tsunami victim \|publisher=[[BNO News]] \|access-date=12 April 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414005117/http://wireupdate.com/wires/16604/body-found-in-oregon-identified-as-missing-tsunami-victim/ \|archive-date=14 April 2011 \|url-status=dead }}\|[http://www.koinlocal6.com/news/local/story/Tsunami-victim-remains-wash-ashore-near-Fort/S2ii-Y--j0WNKCAEV0tzcA.cspx Tsunami victim remains wash ashore near Fort Stevens]. Koinlocal6.com (12 March 2011). Retrieved 2 May 2011.\|{{cite news \|agency=Associated Press \|date=12 April 2011 \|title=Body of Calif. man killed by tsunami washes up \|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/body-of-calif-man-killed-by-tsunami-washes-up/ \|publisher=CBS News \|access-date=3 July 2018 \|archive-date=2023-04-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416034403/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/body-of-calif-man-killed-by-tsunami-washes-up/ \|dead-url=no }}}}</ref> \| native_name = 東北地方太平洋沖地震<br/>東日本大震災 Baris 43: }} {{Nihongo\|'''Gempa bumi dan tsunami Tōhoku 2011'''\|東北地方太平洋沖地震\|Tōhoku Chihō Taiheiyō-oki Jishin<ref name="JMA1">{{cite web \|author=気象庁 Japan Meteorological Agency \|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1103/11c/201103111620.html \|title=平成23年3月11日14時46分頃の三陸沖の地震について（第２報）気象庁 \| 平成２３年報道発表資料 \|publisher=Jma.go.jp \|date= \|accessdate=11 March 2011 \|archive-date=2013-05-30 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530185636/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1103/11c/201103111620.html \|dead-url=no }}</ref>\|secara harfiah "Gempa Bumi lepas pantai Samudra Pasifik [[wilayah Tōhoku]]"}} adalah sebuah [[gempa Bumi dorongan kuat]] [[Moment magnitude scale\|berkekuatan]] 9,0 yang mengakibatkan gelombang [[tsunami]] setinggi {{convert\|40\|m}}.<ref name="USGS1">{{cite web\|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0001xgp.php\|title=Magnitude 8.9 – NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN 2011 March 11 05:46:23 UTC\|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] (USGS)\|accessdate=11 March 2011\|archive-date=2013-05-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502223428/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0001xgp.php\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Gempa ini berkekuatan 7<ref name="jma"/> berdasarkan [[skala intensitas seismik Badan Meteorologi Jepang]] di utara [[Prefektur Miyagi]], [[Jepang]]. Laporan awal menyatakan kekuatan sebesar 7,9,<ref name="jma"/> sementara peringatan tsunami [[Badan Meteorologi Jepang\|JMA]] menyebutkan 8,4,<ref name="JMA2">{{cite web\|title=Tsunami Warnings/Advisories\|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/en/tsunami/\|work=Japan Meteorological Agency\|publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency\|accessdate=11 March 2011\|archive-date=2011-03-23\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323213713/http://www.jma.go.jp/en/tsunami/\|dead-url=no}}</ref> dan akhirnya 9,.0. Fokus gempa Bumi dilaporkan berada di lepas pantai Semenanjung Oshika, pantai timur [[wilayah Tōhoku\|Tōhoku]] pada 11 Maret 2011, pukul 05:46 UTC (14:46 waktu setempat) pada kedalaman {{convert\|24.4\|km\|abbr=off\|lk=on}}.<ref name="BBC1">{{cite news\|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598\|work=[[BBC News]]\|title=Tsunami hits north-eastern Japan after massive quake\|date=11 March 2011\|accessdate=11 March 2011\|archive-date=2016-11-24\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124084208/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Laporan Japanese National Police Agency (JNPA) ~~menyatakan~~pada ~~bahwa~~tahun ~~{{2011~~2021 ~~Sendai~~mengkonfirmasi ~~earthquake~~19,759 ~~and~~tewas, ~~tsunami~~6,242 ~~casualties dead}} tewas~~luka-luka dan ~~{{2011 Sendai earthquake and tsunami casualties missing}}~~2,553 ~~lainnya~~dinyatakan hilang di enam [[Prefektur di Jepang\|prefektur]],<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.npa.go.jp/archive/keibi/biki/higaijokyo_e.pdf \|title=Damage Situation and Police Countermeasures associated with 2011 Tohoku district – off the Pacific Ocean Earthquake \|access-date=2011-03-20 \|archive-date=2012-02-08 \|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/65IoaTunM?url=http://www.npa.go.jp/archive/keibi/biki/higaijokyo_e.pdf \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="reuters_dead"/> ~~meski dikhawatirkan jumlah korban tewas jauh lebih tinggi.~~<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=211726 \|title=Death toll rises to 22 after huge quake hits Japan \|work=jpost.com \|year=2011 [last update] \|accessdate=11 March 2011 \|archive-date=2011-03-14 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314045810/http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=211726 \|dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/11/japan-earthquake-tsunami-pacific\|title=Japan earthquake: hundreds feared dead as tsunami spreads across Pacific \| World news \| The Guardian\|work=[[The Guardian]]\|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group\|GMG]]\|location=[[London, England\|London]]\|issn=0261-3077\|oclc=60623878\|accessdate=11 March 2011\|archive-date=2013-04-16\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416062949/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/11/japan-earthquake-tsunami-pacific\|dead-url=no}}</ref> ~~Kekuatan~~Gempa berkekuatan 9,0 ~~menjadikan gempa~~ ini menjadikan sebagai [[Daftar gempa bumi di Jepang\|gempa terbesar yang mengguncang Jepang]] sepanjang sejarah<ref name="USGS1"/> dan satu dari [[Daftar gempa bumi~~#Gempa~~ ~~bumi~~terkuat ~~terdahsyat~~sepanjang sejarah\|empat gempa terbesar di dunia]] sejak pencatatan gempa modern dimulai.<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Japan-quake---7th-largest-in-recorded-history/tabid/417/articleID/201998/Default.aspx \| title=Japan quake – 7th largest in recorded history \| accessdate=11 March 2011 \| date=11 March 2011 \| archive-date=2014-04-12 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412210024/http://www.3news.co.nz/Japan-quake---7th-largest-in-recorded-history/tabid/417/articleID/201998/Default.aspx \| dead-url=yes }}</ref> Gempa ini dianggap sebagai yang terbesar yang mengguncang Jepang dalam 1.200 tahun terakhir.<ref>{{cite news\|title=US says Japan earthquake left billions in damage\|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hTCtRxP_xkFQ2pfP3VmawSMJ4L5w?docId=9ab580866b31403993cced11f67c16b4\|agency=Associated Press\|date=11 March 2011\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314060417/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hTCtRxP_xkFQ2pfP3VmawSMJ4L5w?docId=9ab580866b31403993cced11f67c16b4\|archivedate=2011-03-14\|access-date=2011-03-11\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Gempa tersebut memicu gelombang tsunami kuat yang ~~mungkin~~ mencapai ketinggian hingga 40,.5 meter (133 kaki) di [[Miyako]] di [[Prefektur Iwate]], [[Tōhoku]], dan di daerah [[Sendai]]. Tsunami itu bergerak dengan kecepatan hingga 700 km/jam (435 mph), dan berkecepatan 10 km (6 mil) ketika naik ke daratan. Penduduk [[Sendai]] hanya mendapat peringatan ~~delapan~~8 sampai ~~sepuluh~~10 menit sebelum tsunami datang, dan lebih dari seratus lokasi evakuasi hanyut. Hujan [[salju]] yang menyertai tsunami dan suhu beku sangat menghambat upaya penyelamatan, misalnya, di [[Ishinomaki]], kota dengan kematian terbanyak bersuhu hingga 0 °C (32 °F) ketika tsunami menerjang. ~~Gempa itu memicu [[Bencana nuklir Fukushima Daiichi\|Bencana nuklir di Fukushima]]~~ Tsunami menyebabkan [[Bencana nuklir Fukushima Daiichi\|Bencana nuklir Fukushima Daiichi]], terutama hancurnya tiga reaktornya, keluarnya air radioaktif di Fukushima dan zona evakuasi terkait yang berdampak pada ratusan ribu penduduk. == Gempa Bumi == Baris 365 ⟶ 366: [[Berkas:Fukushima I NPP 1975.jpg\|jmpl\|ka\|200px\|Sistem pendingin pembangkit nuklir Fukushima rusak dan beroperasi dengan tenaga baterai cadangan. Keadaan darurat nuklir telah diumumkan untuk daerah itu oleh pemerintah Jepang.]] [[PLTN Onagawa]], [[PLTN ~~Fukushima I\|~~Fukushima I]], ~~[[PLTN~~ Fukushima II~~\|Fukushima II]]~~ dan [[PLTN Tōkai~~\|Tōkai]]~~ ~~[[Scram\|~~secara otomatis padam]] setelah gempa. [[PLTN Higashidōri]] yang juga terletak di pantai timur laut telah dipadamkan untuk pengecekan rutin. ~~[[Instalasi Pemrosesan Rokkasho\|~~Instalasi pemrosesan nuklir Rokkasho]] dioperasikan melalui generator diesel darurat.<ref name=nei-20110311>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.neimagazine.com/story.asp?sectioncode=132&storyCode=2059127\|title=Japan initiates emergency protocol after earthquake\|publisher=Nuclear Engineering International\|date=11 March 2011\|accessdate=11 March 2011\|archive-date=2011-03-24\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110324003237/http://www.neimagazine.com/story.asp?sectioncode=132&storyCode=2059127\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Secara terpisah, sebuah kebakaran terjadi di pembangkit Onagawa.<ref name=nei-20110311 /> Kebakaran ini terjadi di bangunan yang berisi turbin dan berada terpisah dari reaktor pembangkit listrik Fukushima.