Georgi Gospodinov: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{for|pemain polo air Olimpiade Bulgaria|Georgi Gospodinov (polo air)}}
[[Berkas:GeorgiGospodinov (cropped).jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|GeorgiGospodinov_(cropped)|Georgi tahun 2005]]
'''Georgi Gospodinov Georgiev''' (lahir pada 7 Januari 1968) merupakan seorang [[penulis]], [[penyair]], dan [[dramawan]] asal [[Bulgaria]]. Novelnya yang berjudul ''Time Shelter'' berhasil meraih International Booker Prize 2023, yang diterjemahkan oleh Angela Rodel, dan Strega European Prize.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-04-24|title=Reading guide: Time Shelter by Georgi Gospodinov, translated by Angela Rodel {{!}} The Booker Prizes|url=https://thebookerprizes.com/the-booker-library/features/reading-guide-time-shelter-by-georgi-gospodinov-translated-by-angela|website=thebookerprizes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|date=2023-03-30|url=https://www.londonreviewbookshop.co.uk/stock/time-shelter-winner-of-the-premio-strega-europeo-georgi-gospodinov|title=Time Shelter {{!}} Georgi Gospodinov {{!}} London Review Bookshop|isbn=978-1-4746-2307-0|language=en-GB}}</ref> Selain itu, novelnya yang berjudul ''The Physics of Sorrow'' juga mendapat [[Jan Michalski Prize]] dan [[Angelus Award]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-05-16|title=“Physics of Sorrow”, winner of Jan Michalski Prize, comes to Iranian bookstores|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/484771/Physics-of-Sorrow-winner-of-Jan-Michalski-Prize-comes-to|website=Tehran Times|language=en|access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref> Karya-karya Gospodinov telah diterjemahkan ke dalam 25 bahasa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgarian Author is Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature - Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency|url=https://www.novinite.com/articles/215248/Bulgarian+Author+is+Nominated+for+the+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature|website=www.novinite.com|access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref>
Gospodinov menghadirkan narasi kompleks yang bersumber dari sejarah [[Eropa Timur|Eropa Timu]]<nowiki/>r dan mencerminkan kekhawatiran saat ini di seluruh [[Eropa]] dan dunia.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Greenwell|first=Garth|date=2015-04-17|title=The Bulgarian Sadness of Georgi Gospodinov|url=https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-bulgarian-sadness-of-georgi-gospodinov|newspaper=The New Yorker|language=en-US|issn=0028-792X|access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref> Gospodinov sering menggabungkan unsur puisi ke dalam karya fiksinya dan menciptakan narasi yang sarat akan ironi. Menurut [[The New Yorker]], dalam karya ''The Physics of Sorrow'', Gospodinov berusaha untuk menemukan cara mengatasi kesedihan dan menjadikannya sebagai sumber empati dan keraguan yang bermanfaat bagi kehidupan.<ref name=":0" />
== Karier ==
=== Novel ===
Gospodinov memulai karir menulis [[puisi]] pada awal tahun 1990-an. Ia menerbitkan dua karya berjudul ''Lapidarium'' (1992) dan ''The Cherry of a People'' (1996). Kedua karyanya tersebut meraih penghargaan [[sastra]] nasional di [[Bulgaria]], negara asalnya. Dia menjadi terkenal dalam dunia Internasional melalui Novel Alamnya yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam 21 bahasa. The New Yorker menggambarkannya sebagai "debut eksperimental dan anarkis," <ref>{{Cite news|last=Yorker|first=The New|date=2005-03-06|title=Natural Novel|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2005/03/14/natural-novel|newspaper=The New Yorker|language=en-US|issn=0028-792X|access-date=2023-12-29}}</ref>sementara [[The Guardian]] menyebutnya "bersahaja dan [[intelektual]]." Karya tersebut menjelajahi kehidupan seorang [[penulis]] muda di Bulgaria pasca-[[komunisme]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jays|first=David|last2=Seymenliyska|first2=Elena|date=2005-02-19|title=Bulgaria, boredom and radical bowls|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/feb/19/featuresreviews.guardianreview19|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2023-12-29}}</ref>
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Novelnya yang berjudul ''Time Shelter'', diterbitkan pertama kali pada tahun 2020 dan telah diterjemahkan ke berbagai bahasa. Olga Tokarczuk menggambarkan Gospodinov sebagai "jenis sastra yang paling indah, berfokus pada persepsi waktu dan alur waktu, ditulis dengan gaya yang istimewa dan tidak dapat diprediksi." Sandro Veronesi mendeskripsikan ''Time Shelter'' sebagai "novel yang kuat dan brilian: berpandangan jernih, penuh [[firasat]], dan penuh teka-teki. Sebuah [[novel]] di mana masa depan runtuh seperti balok busuk sementara masa lalu mengalir deras seperti banjir." Untuk Time Shelter, Gospodinov dianugerahi Strega European Prize di tahun 2021 serta terjemahan bahasa Inggrisnya oleh Angela Rodel memenangkan International Booker Prize pada tahun 2023.
=== Film ===
Gospodinov menulis dua naskah untuk dua film pendek. Naskahnya untuk ''Omelette'' berhasil mendapatkan Penghargaan Penghormatan pada [[Festival Film Sundance 2009]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Omlet|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1352841/|date=2009-01-16|accessdate=2024-02-24|first=Svetla|last=Tsotsorkova}}</ref> Kemudian, Film pendek animasi tahun 2016 berjudul ''Blind Vaysha'' karya pembuat film Bulgaria-Kanada, [[Theodore Ushev]], didasarkan pada cerita pendek Gospodinov.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Duchesne|first=André|date=2016-11-29|title=Vaysha l'aveugle voit du pays|url=https://www.lapresse.ca/cinema/nouvelles/201611/29/01-5046206-vaysha-laveugle-voit-du-pays.php|newspaper=La Presse|language=fr-CA|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref> Film ini dinominasikan untuk [[Academy Award untuk Film Pendek Animasi Terbaik|Film Pendek Animasi Terbaik]] di [[Academy Awards ke-89|Academy Awards ke-89.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgarian-Directed Short Film Gets Oscar Nomination - Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency|url=https://www.novinite.com/articles/178527/Bulgarian-Directed+Short+Film+Gets+Oscar+Nomination|website=www.novinite.com|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref> Pada tahun 2019, Ushev merilis film pendek animasi lain yang diadaptasi dari karya Gospodinov, berjudul ''The Physics of Sorrow.''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Theodore Ushev’s New Short ‘The Physics of Sorrow’ to Premiere at TIFF 2019|url=https://www.awn.com/news/theodore-ushevs-new-short-physics-sorrow-premiere-tiff-2019|website=Animation World Network|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
== Karya ==
* Pemenang International Booker Prize, 2023;<ref>{{Cite web|title=The International Booker Prize 2023 {{!}} The Booker Prizes|url=https://thebookerprizes.com/the-booker-library/prize-years/international/2023|website=thebookerprizes.com|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Nominasi Nobel Prize in Literature, 2022;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgarian writer Georgi Gospodinov has been nominated for the Nobel Prize|url=https://bnr.bg/en/post/101652308/bulgarian-writer-georgi-gospodinov-has-been-nominated-for-the-nobel-prize|website=bnr.bg|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Finalis Premio Gregor von Rezzori, 2022;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Premio|url=http://premiogregorvonrezzori.org/premio/|website=Premio Gregor von Rezzori|language=it-IT|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang Strega European Prize, Rome, 2021;<ref name=":1" />
* Pemenang Usedom Prize for European Literature, 2021;<ref>{{Cite web|last=Accardo|first=Gian-Paolo|date=2020-07-23|title=Georgi Gospodinov|url=https://voxeurop.eu/en/guest_author/georgi-gospodinov/|website=https://voxeurop.eu/en/|language=en-US|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang Zinklar Prize for Best Short Fiction, Denmark, 2021;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgarian Writer Georgi Gospodinov Wins Danish Literary Award|url=https://www.bta.bg/en/news//32110-Bulgarian-Writer-Georgi-Gospodinov-Wins-Danish-Literary-Award|website=www.bta.bg|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang Angelus Award, Poland, 2019;<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=ABP News|date=2023-05-24|title=International Booker Prize 2023: All You Need To Know About Winners Georgi Gospodinov, Angela Rodel|url=https://news.abplive.com/news/world/international-booker-prize-2023-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-1st-bulgarian-winners-georgi-gospodinov-angela-rodel-1604341|website=news.abplive.com|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang Jan Michalski Prize for Literature, Switzerland, 2016;<ref name=":2" />
* Pemenang Prozart Award, Skopje, for contribution to the development of literature in the Balkans, 2016;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Georgi Gospodinov's novel ”Time Shelter” to be published in France and USA|url=https://bnr.bg/en/post/101390391/georgi-gospodinov-s-novel-time-shelter-to-be-published-in-france-and-the-united-states|website=bnr.bg|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Finalis The American PEN Translation Prize, 2016;<ref name=":1" />
* Finalis The Best Translated Book Award (BTBA), 2016;
* Finalis Strega European Prize, Rome, 2014;<ref name=":1" />
* Finalis Premio Gregor von Rezzori, Florence, 2014;<ref name=":1" />
* Finalis Bruecke Berlin Preis, 2014;<ref name=":1" />
* Finalis Haus der Kulturen der Welt Literaturpreis, Berlin, 2014;<ref name=":1" />
* Pemenang National Literary Award Bulgarian Novel of the Year, 2013;<ref>{{Cite web|title=BTA. Bulgarian Novel Nominated for Three International Prizes Took Four Years to Write, Explores 20-Year-Old Idea|url=https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1106694.html|website=armenpress.am|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang National Award Hristo G. Danov for Best Fiction, 2012;<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=UCL|date=2017-07-05|title=A meeting with Bulgarian writer Georgi Gospodinov|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ssees/events/2015/oct/meeting-bulgarian-writer-georgi-gospodinov|website=UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES)|language=en|access-date=2024-02-24}}</ref>
* Pemenang The City of Sofia Award for Literature, 2012;<ref name=":3" />
* Pemenang The Flower of Helicon Readers' Prize for Bestselling Book, 2012.<ref name=":3" />
== Referensi ==
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