Grup Bank Dunia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Distinguish|Bank Dunia}}
{{Infobox
|name = Grup Bank Dunia<br>''World Banks Group''
|
|image = World Bank building at Washington.jpg
|caption = Kantor pusat Grup Bank Dunia di [[Washington, D.C]]
|size = 330px
|
|map =
|msize =
|mcaption =
|abbreviation = WBG
|motto =
|formation = 27 Desember 1945
Baris 16 ⟶ 17:
|status = Perjanjian
|purpose = [[Pembangunan ekonomi]], pengentasan [[kemiskinan parah|kemiskinan]]
|headquarters = [[Washington, D.C]], [[Amerika Serikat]]
|region_served =
|membership = 188 negara (187 [[negara anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa|negara PBB]] dan [[Republik Kosovo|Kosovo]])
|Official languages = Arab, Cina, Inggris, Prancis, Rusia, Spanyol
|leader_title = Presiden
|leader_name = [[
|leader_title2 = Direktur Pelaksana
|leader_name2 = [[
|main_organ = Dewan Direktur<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/ORGANIZATION/BODEXT/0,,pagePK:64020055~theSitePK:278036,00.html |title=Board of Directors |publisher=Web.worldbank.org |accessdate=31 May 2010 |archive-date=2014-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231164827/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/ORGANIZATION/BODEXT/0,,pagePK:64020055~theSitePK:278036,00.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|parent_organization = [[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
|affiliations =
|num_staff =
Baris 34 ⟶ 35:
}}
'''Grup Bank Dunia''' ({{lang-en|World Bank Group}}; WBG) adalah gabungan lima [[organisasi internasional]] yang memberi pinjaman kepada negara-negara berkembang. Grup Bank Dunia adalah bank pembangunan terbesar dan ternama di dunia. WBG saat ini berstatus pengamat di [[United Nations Development Group]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=13 |title=UNDG Members |publisher=Undg.org |date= |accessdate=2012-05-27 |archive-date=2011-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511144047/http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=13 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Bank ini berkantor pusat di [[Washington, D.C.]] dan menyalurkan pinjaman dan bantuan sebesar $61 miliar kepada negara "berkembang" dan transisi pada tahun 2014.<ref name="bicusa1">The World Bank, Press release: "World Bank Group Commitments Rise Sharply in FY14 Amid Organizational Change", [http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2014/07/01/world-bank-group-commitments-rise-sharply-in-fy14-amid-organizational-change July 1 2014, http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2014/07/01/world-bank-group-commitments-rise-sharply-in-fy14-amid-organizational-change] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617112236/http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2014/07/01/world-bank-group-commitments-rise-sharply-in-fy14-amid-organizational-change |date=2016-06-17 }}</ref> Misi resmi bank ini adalah mengakhiri kemiskinan dan membangun kesejahteraan bersama.<ref name="bicusa1"/> Kelima organisasi di bawah naungan grup ini adalah [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] (IBRD), [[International Development Association]] (IDA), [[International Finance Corporation]] (IFC), [[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA), dan [[International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes]] (ICSID).
Sejak berdiri, Bank Dunia mendapat banyak kritik dan pernah ternodai sebuah skandal antara Presiden [[Paul Wolfowitz]] dan asistennya, Shaha Riza, pada tahun 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2007/04/12/wolfowitz-may-not-survive-world-bank-scandal-involving-girlfriend-promotion-pay/ |title=Wolfowitz May Not Survive World Bank Scandal Involving Girlfriend's Promotion, Pay Hike |publisher=Foxnews.com |date=2007-04-12 |accessdate=2014-02-15 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924180349/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2007/04/12/wolfowitz-may-not-survive-world-bank-scandal-involving-girlfriend-promotion-pay/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
== Anggota ==
Baris 49 ⟶ 50:
# IBRD dan satu organisasi lain: Suriname, Tuvalu, Brunei
# IBRD dan dua organisasi lain: Antigua dan Barbuda, [[Sao Tome dan Principe]], Namibia, Bhutan, [[Myanmar]], Qatar, Kepulauan Marshall, Kiribati
# IBRD dan tiga organisasi lain: India, Kanada, Meksiko, Belize, Jamaika, Republik Dominika, Venezuela, [[Brasil]], Bolivia, Uruguay, Ekuador, Dominika, Saint Vincent dan Grenadines, Tanjung Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Guinea Khatulistiwa, Angola, [[Afrika Selatan]], Komoro, Seychelles, Libya, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Bahrain, Iran, Irak, Malta, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Polandia, Rusia, Lituania, Belarus, Kirgizstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Palau, Vanuatu, Samoa, Maladewa, Sudan Selatan
# Kelima organisasi WBG: the rest of the 127 WBG members
Baris 59 ⟶ 60:
* [[International Finance Corporation]] (IFC), didirikan tahun 1956, memberikan berbagai bentuk pendanaan tanpa penjamin berdaulat, kebanyakan ke sektor swasta;
* [[International Development Association]] (IDA), didirikan tahun 1960, memberikan pendanaan konsesional (pinjaman atau hibah bebas bunga), biasanya dengan penjamin berdaulat;
* [[International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes]] (ICSID), didirikan tahun 1965, bekerja sama dengan pemerintah untuk mengurangi risiko [[investasi]];
* [[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA), didirikan tahun 1988, memberikan asuransi terhadap berbagai jenis risiko, termasuk risiko politik, kebanyakan ke sektor swasta.
Istilah "[[Bank Dunia]]" umumnya hanya merujuk pada IBRD dan IDA, sedangkan istilah Grup Bank Dunia atau WBG mengacu pada kelima lembaga ini secara kolektif.<ref name=WBA>[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/0,,contentMDK:20040580~menuPK:1696997~pagePK:51123644~piPK:329829~theSitePK:29708,00.html "About Us"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611073612/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/0,,contentMDK:20040580~menuPK:1696997~pagePK:51123644~piPK:329829~theSitePK:29708,00.html |date=2012-06-11 }}, ''wordbank.org'', accessed 30 May 2007.</ref>
== Pejabat ==
Baris 113 ⟶ 114:
* [[Ingrid Hoven]]: Jerman
* [[Herve de Villeroche]]: Prancis
* [[Gino Alzetta]]: Belgia, Luksemburg, Republik Ceko, Austria, Republik Slovak,
* [[Frank Heemskerk]]: Belanda, Kroasia, Bosnia dan Herzegovina, Ukraina, Moldova, Rumania, Montenegro, Makedonia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Israel, Siprus
* [[Piero Cipollone]]: Albania, Yunani, Italia, Malta, Portugal, San Marino, Timor Leste
Baris 128 ⟶ 129:
* [[Michael Willcock]]: Australia, Kamboja, Kiribati, Korea Selatan, Kepulauan Marshall, Mikronesia, Mongolia, Selandia Baru, Palau, Papua Nugini, Samoa, Kepulauan Solomon, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
* [[Hideaki Suzuki]]: Jepang
* Kursi Saudi Arabia saat ini kosong.<ref>{{cite web| title =World Bank Executive Directors Directory| work =Bank Information Center| url =http://www.bicusa.org/ed/| access-date =2014-07-18| archive-date =2014-07-03| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140703113936/http://www.bicusa.org/ed/| dead-url =yes}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
Baris 134 ⟶ 135:
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.worldbankgroup.org/ Situs resmi '''World Bank Group'''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011230406/http://www.worldbankgroup.org/ |date=2010-10-11 }}
{{commonscat|World Bank Group|position=left}}
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