Iterbium: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Kinetika eksitasi dalam bahan yang didoping iterbium cukup sederhana dan dapat dijelaskan dalam konsep [[Hubungan McCumber|penampang lintang efektif]]; untuk sebagian besar bahan laser yang didoping iterbium (seperti untuk banyak media penguatan yang dipompa secara optik lainnya), [[hubungan McCumber]] berlaku,<ref name="kouz05">{{cite journal|author=Kouznetsov, D.|author2=Bisson, J.-F.|author3=Takaichi, K.|author4=Ueda, K. |title=Single-mode solid-state laser with short wide unstable cavity|journal=[[Journal of the Optical Society of America B]]|volume=22| issue=8| pages=1605–1619|date=2005|doi=10.1364/JOSAB.22.001605|bibcode=2005JOSAB..22.1605K}}</ref><ref name="mc">
{{cite journal|author=McCumber, D.E. |title= Einstein Relations Connecting Broadband Emission and Absorption Spectra|journal= Physical Review B|volume= 136|issue=4A|pages=954–957|date=1964|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.136.A954|bibcode = 1964PhRv..136..954M }}</ref><ref name="B">{{cite book| author = Becker, P.C.| author2 = Olson, N.A.| author3 = Simpson, J.R. |title =Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Fundamentals and Theory| url = https://archive.org/details/erbiumdopedfiber0000beck| publisher = Academic press| date = 1999}}</ref> meskipun penerapan pada [[material komposit|bahan komposit]] yang didoping iterbium sedang dibahas.<ref name="McCumberA">{{cite journal |author=Kouznetsov, D. |title=Comment on Efficient diode-pumped Yb:Gd<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> laser|journal=Applied Physics Letters |volume=90|date=2007|doi=10.1063/1.2435309 |page=066101|bibcode = 2007ApPhL..90f6101K |issue=6 }}</ref><ref name="McCumberB">{{cite journal |author=Zhao, Guangjun |author2=Su, Liangbi |author3=Xu, Jun |author4=Zeng, Heping |title=Response to Comment on Efficient diode-pumped Yb:Gd<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> laser|journal=Applied Physics Letters |volume=90 |page=066103 |date=2007 |doi=10.1063/1.2435314|bibcode = 2007ApPhL..90f6103Z |issue=6 }}</ref>
Biasanya, iterbium konsentrasi rendahlah yang digunakan. Pada konsentrasi tinggi, bahan yang didoping iterbium menunjukkan [[penggelapan foto]]<ref name="photodarkening">{{cite journal |author=Koponen, Joona J. |author2=Söderlund, Mikko J. |author3=Hoffman, Hanna J. |author4=Tammela, Simo K. T. |name-list-style=amp |title= Measuring photodarkening from single-mode ytterbium doped silica fibers|journal=Optics Express|volume=14 |issue=24 |pages=11539–11544 |doi= 10.1364/OE.14.011539 |date= 2006 |pmid=19529573|bibcode = 2006OExpr..1411539K |s2cid=27830683 |doi-access=free }}</ref> (serat kaca) atau bahkan peralihan ke emisi pita lebar<ref name="avalanche">{{cite journal
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