Kalifornium: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k r2.7.1) (bot Menambah: my:ကာလီဖိုနီယမ် |
→Kegunaan: Perbaikan kesalahan ketik Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan aplikasi seluler Suntingan aplikasi Android |
||
| (38 revisi perantara oleh 23 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{other|Cf (disambiguasi)}}
{{Kotak info kalifornium}}
'''Kalifornium''' ({{pronEng|ˌkæl<s>ɪ</s>ˈforniəm}}) adalah [[unsur kimia]] dalam [[sistem periodik unsur]] yang memiliki lambang '''Cf''' dan [[nomor atom]] 98. Atom ini dinamakan berdasarkan universitas dan negara bagian Kalifornia. Kalifornium adalah senyawa paling mahal ke-7 di dunia, dengan harga 27 juta dolar Amerika per Gram.<ref>{{Citation|title=Why Does Californium-252 Cost $27 Million Per Gram|url=https://medium.com/illumination/why-does-californium-252-cost-27-million-per-gram-91526225287|accessdate=2023-06-24|language=id-ID}}</ref>
== Kegunaan ==
Kalifornium bisa digunakan untuk terapi [[kanker]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mastah.org/kalifornium-californium-cf-penjelasan-ciri-sifat-dan-fungsi-kegunaan/|title=Kalifornium {{!}} Californium (Cf) : Penjelasan, Ciri Sifat dan Kegunaan|date=2017-11-30|website=MASTAH|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref> Elemen ini adalah sumber neutron yang efisien. Karena itu banyak potensi kegunaan baru untuk elemen ini.
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Bacaan ==
<!--NOTE only add URLs to places where at least some preview of the book is available -->
* {{cite book
|last = Cotton|first = F. Albert
|coauthors = Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred
|title = Advanced Inorganic Chemistry
|url = https://archive.org/details/advancedinorgani0000unse|edition = 6th
|year = 1999
|publisher = John Wiley & Sons
|isbn = 978-0-471-19957-1
|chapter =
|pages =
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|author = CRC contributors
|title = Handbook of Metal Etchants
|editor1-first = Perrin|editor1-last = Walker
|editor2-first = William H.|editor2-last = Tarn
|edition =
|year = 1991
|publisher = CRC Press
|isbn = 978-0-8493-3623-2
|ref = {{sfnRef|CRC|1991}}
}}
* {{cite book
|author = CRC contributors
|title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
|editor-first = David R.|editor-last = Lide
|edition = 87th
|year = 2006
|publisher = CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
|isbn = 978-0-8493-0487-3
|ref = {{sfnRef|CRC|2006}}
}}
* {{cite book
|title = The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements
|url = https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofch00hamp
|publisher = Reinhold Book Corporation
|year = 1968
|editor-last = Hampel|editor-first = Clifford A.
|last = Cunningham
|first = B. B.
|coauthors =
|chapter = Californium
|pages=
|ref = harv
|lccn = 68-29938
}}
* {{cite book
|title = The Elements
|last = Emsley
|first = John
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 1998
|isbn = 978-0-19-855818-7
|pages =
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=qgYpAAAAYAAJ
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|title = Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements
|last = Emsley
|first = John
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2001
|isbn = 978-0-19-850340-8
|chapter = Californium
|pages =
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Yhi5X7OwuGkC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Greenwood
|first = N. N.
|coauthors = Earnshaw, A.
|title = Chemistry of the Elements
|edition = 2nd
|publisher = Butterworth-Heinemann
|year = 1997
|isbn = 978-0-7506-3365-9
|page =
|chapter =
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements
|editor1-first = Lester R.
|editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.
|editor2-last = Edelstein
|editor3-last = Fuger|editor3-first = Jean
|last = Haire|first = Richard G.
|chapter = Californium
|publisher = Springer Science+Business Media
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-1-4020-3555-5
|edition = 3rd
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Heiserman
|first = David L.
|year = 1992
|title = Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds
|publisher = TAB Books
|isbn = 978-0-8306-3018-9
|chapter = Element 98: Californium
|ref = harv
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=24l-Cpal9oIC
}}
* {{cite book
|others = trans. rev. Eagleson, Mary
|editor1-first = Hans-Dieter|editor1-last = Jakubke
|editor2-first = Hans|editor2-last = Jeschkeit
|title = Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry
|publisher = Walter de Gruyter
|year = 1994
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Owuv-c9L_IMC&printsec=frontcover
|isbn = 978-3-11-011451-5
|ref = {{sfnRef|Jakubke|1994}}
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Krebs
|first = Robert
|title = The History and Use of our Earth's Chemical Elements: A Reference Guide
|url = https://archive.org/details/historyuseofoure0000kreb
|year = 2006
|publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group
|isbn = 978-0-313-33438-2
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|title = Radiation Source Use and Replacement: Abbreviated Version
|author = National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Radiation Source Use and Replacement
|year = 2008
|publisher = National Academies Press
|ref = {{sfnRef|NRC|2008}}
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=3cT2REdXJ98C&printsec=frontcover
|isbn = 978-0-309-11014-3
}}
* {{cite book
|editor1-last = O'Neil|editor1-first = Marydale J.
|editor2-last = Heckelman|editor2-first = Patricia E.
|editor3-last = Roman|editor3-first = Cherie B.
|title = The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals
|edition = 14th
|publisher = Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co.
|year = 2006
|isbn = 978-0-911910-00-1
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=kEYfRAAACAAJ
|ref = {{sfnRef|O'Neil|2006}}
}}
* {{cite journal
| title = Californium-252: A Remarkable Versatile Radioisotope
| last1 = Osborne-Lee|first1 = I. W.
| last2 = Alexander|first2 = C. W.
| journal = Oak Ridge Technical Report ORNL/TM-12706
| year = 1995
| url = http://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=1&page=0&osti_id=205871 |doi=10.2172/205871
| ref = {{sfnRef|Osborne-Lee|1995}}
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Ruiz-Lapuente
|first1 = P.
|last2 = Canal
|first2 = R.
|last3 = Isern
|first3 = J.
|year = 1996
|title = Thermonuclear Supernovae
|publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]]
|isbn = 978-0-7923-4359-2
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=I6Rl1VAAX3QC
|ref = {{sfnRef|Ruiz-Lapuente|1996}}
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Seaborg|first1 = Glenn T.
|last2 = Loveland|first2 = Walter D.
|title = The Elements Beyond Uranium
|publisher = John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
|year = 1990
|isbn = 978-0-471-89062-1
|ref = {{sfnRef|Seaborg|1990}}
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=QFhRAAAAMAAJ
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Seaborg
|first = G. T.
|year = 1994
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=e53sNAOXrdMC&pg=PA245
|title = Modern alchemy: selected papers of Glenn T. Seaborg
|publisher = World Scientific
|isbn = 978-981-02-1440-1
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Seaborg
|first = G. T.
|year = 1996
|editor = Adloff, J. P.
|title = One Hundred Years after the Discovery of Radioactivity
|publisher = Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag
|isbn = 978-3-486-64252-0
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=whGiCQywLi8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{cite encyclopedia
| last = Seaborg | first = Glenn T.
| encyclopedia = Concise Encyclopedia of Chemistry
| title = Californium
| editor = Geller, Elizabeth
| publisher = McGraw-Hill
| year = 2004
| isbn = 978-0-07-143953-4
| page = 94
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Owuv-c9L_IMC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
| ref= harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Szwacki|first1 = Nevill Gonzalez
|last2 = Szwacka|first2 = Teresa
|title = Basic Elements of Crystallography
|publisher = Pan Stanford
|year = 2010
|isbn = 978-981-4241-59-5
|url = http://www.scribd.com/doc/39588027/Basic-Elements-of-Crystallography
|ref= {{sfnRef|Szwacki|2010}}
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Weeks
|first = Mary Elvira
|coauthor = Leichester, Henry M.
|year = 1968
|title = Discovery of the Elements
|url = https://archive.org/details/discoveryofeleme07edunse
|publisher = Journal of Chemical Education
|chapter = 21: Modern Alchemy
|pages = [https://archive.org/details/discoveryofeleme07edunse/page/848 848]–850
|ref = harv
|isbn = 978-0-7661-3872-8
|lccn = 68-15217
}}
== Pranala luar ==
Baris 58 ⟶ 262:
{{Tabel periodik unsur kimia}}
[[Kategori:Unsur kimia]]
[[Kategori:Aktinida]]
[[Kategori:Unsur kimia
{{kimia-stub}}
| |||