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{{Infobox former country
| common_name = Negara Utsmaniyah Raya
| native_name = دولت عليه عثمانیه <br />''Devlet-i ʿAlīye-i ʿO<u>s</u>mānīye''
| conventional_long_name = Daulat Agung Utsmaniyah
| continent = Afroeurasia
|status status = Imperium
| event_start = [[Kebangkitan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Didirikan]]
| year_start = 1299
| date_start = 27 Juli
| event_end = [[Republik Turki]]<ref group=dn>[[Perjanjian Sèvres]] (10 Agustus 1920) menawarkan wilayah kecil untuk Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Pada tanggal 1 November 1922, [[Majelis Agung Nasional Turki|Majelis Agung Nasional]] membubarkan kesultanan dan menyatakan bahwa semua peraturan rezim Utsmaniyah di Istanbul tidak berlaku lagi per 16 Maret 1920, tanggal [[pendudukan Konstantinopel]] menurut Perjanjian Sevres. Pengakuan internasional terhadap Majelis Agung Nasional dan [[Pemerintahan Majelis Agung Nasional|Pemerintah Ankara]] tercapai melalui penandatanganan [[Perjanjian Lausanne]] tanggal 24 Juli 1923. Majelis Agung Nasional Turki meresmikan "[[Republik Turki|Republik]] pada 29 Oktober 1923 dan secara efektif mengakhiri eksistensi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah dalam sejarah dunia.</ref>
| year_end = 1923
| date_end = 29 Oktober
|event1 event1 = [[Masa kekosongan Utsmaniyah|Interregnum]]
| date_event1 = 1402–1414
|event2 event2 = [[Era Konstitusional Pertama (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Konstitusional Pertama]]
| date_event2 = 1876–1878
|event3 event3 = [[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Konstitutional Kedua]]
| date_event3 = 1908–1922
|event4 event4 = [[Pembubaran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Dibubarkan]] <ref group=dn>[[Mehmed VI]], Sultan terakhir, diusir dari Konstantinopel tanggal 17 November 1922.</ref>
| date_event4 = 1 November 1922
| p1 = Kekaisaran Bizantium
| flag_p1 = Byzantine_imperial_flag,_14th_century,_square.svg
| p2 = Kesultanan Rûm
| flag_p2 =
| p3 = Kekaisaran Trebizond
| flag_p3 =
| p4 = Kedespotan Morea
| flag_p4 =
| p5 = Kedespotan Epirus
| flag_p5 =
| p6 = Kedespotan Dobruja
| flag_p6 =
| p7 = Dinasti Karamanid
| flag_p7 = Karamanid Dynasty flag.svg
| p8 = Kerajaan Bosnia
| flag_p8 =
| p9 = Kekaisaran Bulgaria Kedua{{!}}Kekaisaran Bulgaria
| flag_p9 = Coat of arms of the Second Bulgarian Empire.svg
| p10 = Kekaisaran Serbia
| flag_p10 = Flag of the Serbian Empire, reconstruction.svg
| p11 = Liga Lezhë
| flag_p11 = Coa Kastrioti Family.svg
| p12 = Kerajaan Hongaria (1000–1538){{!}}Kerajaan Hongaria
| flag_p12 = Coat of Arms of Hungary Historic Design.png
| p13 = Kerajaan Kroasia (pertengahan){{!}}Kerajaan Kroasia
| flag_p13 = Coa Croatia Country History (Fojnica Armorial).svg
| border_p13 = no
| p14 = Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo){{!}}Kesultanan Mamluk Mesir
| flag_p14 = Mameluke Flag.svg
| p15 = Ksatria Malta{{!}}Ksatria Hospitaler Tripolitania
| flag_p15 = Flag of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.svg
| p16 = Dinasti Hafsid{{!}}Tunisia
| flag_p16 = Tunis hafsid flag.png
| p17 = Dinasti Zayyanid{{!}}Aljazair
| flag_p17 = Dz tlem2.gif
| s1 = Pemerintah Majelis Nasional Agung{{!}}Pemerintahan Sementara Turki
| flag_s1 = Ottoman flag alternative 2.svg
| s2 = Republik Hellenik Pertama{{!}}Republik Hellenik Pertama
| flag_s2 = Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg
| s3 = Khedivate Mesir
| flag_s3 = Flag of Muhammad Ali.svg
| s4 = Kondominium Bosnia dan Herzegovina
| flag_s4 = Flag of Bosnia (1878-1908).svg
| s5 = Emirat Diriyah
| flag_s5 = Flag of the 1st and 2nd Saudi State.svg
| s6 = Pemerintahan Sementara Albania
| flag_s6 = Flag of Albanian Provisional Government 1912-1914.gif
| s7 = Kerajaan Rumania
| flag_s7 = Flag of Romania.svg
| s8 = Kepangeranan Bulgaria
| flag_s8 = Flag of Bulgaria.svg
| s9 = Sejarah modern Siprus{{!}}Siprus Britania
| flag_s9 = Cyprus Blue Ensign-1922.svg
| s10 = Aljazair Prancis
| flag_s10 = Flag of France.svg
| s11 = Protektorat Tunisia Prancis{{!}}Tunisia Prancis
| flag_s11 = Flag of French Tunisia.svg
| s12 = Kerajaan Kuwait
| flag_s12 = Flag of Kuwait.svg
| s13 = Pemerintahan Wilayah Musuh yang Diduduki{{!}}OETA
| flag_s13 =
| s14 = Afrika Utara Italia
| flag_s14 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg
| s15 = Kerajaan Mutawakkiliyah Yaman{{!}}Yaman
| flag_s15 = Flag of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.svg
| s16 = Kerajaan Hejaz
| flag_s16 = Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg
| s17 = Republik Kars
| flag_s17 = Flag of the South West Caucasian Republic.svg
| s18 = Kemandatan Irak
| flag_s18 = Flag of Hejaz 1914.svg
| s19 =
| flag_s19 = Flag of Iraq (1924–1959).svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire (1882–1922).svg
| image_flag = Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg
| flag = Bendera Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
| symbol = Lambang Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
| image_map = OttomanEmpireMain.png
| image_map_caption = Jangkauan terluas Kesultanan Utsmaniyah tahun 1683
| national_motto = ''Devlet-i Ebed-müddet''<br/>دولت ابد مدت<br/><small>"Negara Abadi"</small>
| capital = [[Söğüt]]<br/><small>(1299–1335)</small><br/>[[Bursa]]<ref>[http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN,33810/ottoman-capital-bursa.html ''Ottoman Capital Bursa'']. Official website of Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Retrieved 26 June 2013.</ref><br/><small>(1335–1413)</small><br/>[[Edirne|Adrianopel]]<ref>"It served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 until 1453 and flourished as an administrative, commercial, and cultural centre." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/179207/Edirne "Edirne"] ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 27 June 2013</ref><ref group=dn>Sebelumnya Edirne bernama Adrianopel. Pasca penaklukan kota ini oleh Utsmaniyah, namanya diganti menjadi Edirne.</ref><br/><small>(1413–1453)</small><br/>[[Konstantinopel]]<ref group=dn>Nama resmi Istanbul adalah ''[[Kostantiniyye]]'' (قسطنطينيه) pada masa pemerintahan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Nama Konstantinopel terus digunakan oleh dunia Barat sampai 1930. Istanbul menjadi nama resminya setelah diubah oleh pemerintah Turki pada tanggal 28 Maret 1930.</ref><small><br/>(1453–1922)</small>▼
|national_anthem = [[Lagu kebangsaan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
| common_languages = [[Bahasa Turki Utsmaniyah|Turki Utsmaniyah]] (resmi), [[Bahasa di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|lain-lain]]▼
▲|capital = [[Söğüt]]<br/><small>(1299–1335)</small><br/>[[Bursa]]<ref>[http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN,33810/ottoman-capital-bursa.html ''Ottoman Capital Bursa'']. Official website of Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. Retrieved 26 June 2013.</ref><br/><small>(1335–1413)</small><br/>[[Edirne|Adrianopel]]<ref>"It served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 until 1453 and flourished as an administrative, commercial, and cultural centre." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/179207/Edirne "Edirne"] ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved 27 June 2013</ref><ref group=dn>Sebelumnya Edirne bernama Adrianopel. Pasca penaklukan kota ini oleh Utsmaniyah, namanya diganti menjadi Edirne.</ref><br/><small>(1413–1453)</small><br/>[[Konstantinopel]]<ref group=dn>Nama resmi Istanbul adalah ''[[Kostantiniyye]]'' (قسطنطينيه) pada masa pemerintahan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Nama Konstantinopel terus digunakan oleh dunia Barat sampai 1930. Istanbul menjadi nama resminya setelah diubah oleh pemerintah Turki pada tanggal 28 Maret 1930.</ref><small><br/>(1453–1922)</small>
| government_type = {{Plainlist|▼
▲|common_languages = [[Bahasa Turki Utsmaniyah|Turki Utsmaniyah]] (resmi), [[Bahasa di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|lain-lain]]
▲|government_type ={{Plainlist|
*{{•}} [[Kerajaan mutlak]] <small>(1299–1876; 1920–1922)</small>
*{{•}} Kerajaan mutlak di bawah [[diktatur|kediktatoran]] [[totaliterisme|totaliter]] [[autokrasi|autokrat]] <small>(1878–1908)</small>
Baris 108 ⟶ 107:
*{{•}} Kerajaan parlementer di bawah [[Tiga Pasha|kediktatoran militer]] totaliter [[negara satu partai|satu partai]] <small>(1913–1918)</small>
}}
| title_leader = [[Daftar sultan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Sultan]] ([[Padisyah]])
| leader1 = [[Osman I]] <small>(pertama)</small>
| year_leader1 = 1299–1326
| leader2 = [[Mehmed VI]] <small>(terakhir)</small>
| year_leader2 = 1918–1922
| title_deputy = [[Wazir Agung]]
| deputy1 = [[Alaeddin Pasya]] <small>(pertama)</small>
| year_deputy1 = 1320–1331
| deputy2 = [[Ahmed Tevfik Pasha|Ahmed Tevfik Pasya]] <small>(terakhir)</small>
| year_deputy2 = 1920–1922
| legislature = [[Majelis Umum Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Majelis Umum]]
| house1 = [[Senat Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Senat]]
| type_house1 =
| house2 = [[Majelis Deputi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Majelis Deputi]]
| type_house2 =
| stat_year1 = 1683
| ref_area1 = <ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite journal|url=http://jwsr.ucr.edu/archive/vol12/number2/pdf/jwsr-v12n2-tah.pdf|title=East-West Orientation of Historical Empires|work=Journal of World-Systems Research|volume=12|issue=2|pages=219–229|year=2006|first1=Peter|last2=Hall|first2=Thomas D.|first3=Jonathan M.|last3=Adams|format=PDF|date=|accessdate=11 February 2013|journal=|archive-date=2007-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222011511/http://jwsr.ucr.edu/archive/vol12/number2/pdf/jwsr-v12n2-tah.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| stat_area1 = 5200000
| stat_year2 = 1914
| stat_area2 = 1800000
| ref_area2 = <ref>Dündar, Orhan; Dündar, Erhan, 1.Dünya Savaşı, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1999, ISBN 975-11-1643-0</ref>
| stat_year3 = 1856
| stat_pop3 = 35350000
| stat_year4 = 1906
| stat_pop4 = 20884000
| stat_year5 = 1912
| stat_pop5 = 24000000
| ref_pop5 = <ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite book|last=Erickson|first=Edward J.|title=Defeat in detail: the Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913|pages=59}}</ref>
| stat_year6 = 1914
| stat_pop6 = 18520000 = 18520000
| stat_year7 = 1919
| stat_pop7 = 14629000
| religion = [[Islam Sunni]]
| currency = [[Akçe]], [[Para (mata uang)|Para]], [[Sultani]], [[Kuruş]], [[Lira Utsmaniyah|Lira]]
| today = {{Collapsible list|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title=Negara modern|{{flag|Abkhazia}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Albania}} <br> {{flag|Aljazair}} <br>{{flag|Armenia}} <br> {{flag|Azerbaijan}} <br> {{flag|Bahrain}} <br> {{flag|Bosnia dan Herzegovina}} <br> {{flag|Bulgaria}} <br> {{flag|Kroasia}} <br> {{flag|Siprus}} <br> {{flag|Mesir}} <br> {{flag|Eritrea}} <br>{{flag|Georgia}} <br> {{flag|Yunani}} <br> {{flag|Hongaria}} <br> {{flag|Iran}} <br> {{flag|Irak}} <br> {{flag|Israel}} <br> {{flag|Yordania}} <br> {{flag|Kosovo}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Kuwait}} <br> {{flag|Lebanon}} <br> {{flag|Libya}} <br> {{flag|Makedonia}} <br> {{flag|Moldova}} <br> {{flag|Montenegro}} <br> {{flag|Nagorno-Karabakh}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Siprus Utara}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Oman}} <br> {{flag|Palestina}} <br> {{flag|Qatar}} <br> {{flag|Rumania}} <br> {{flag|Rusia}} <br> {{flag|Arab Saudi}} <br> {{flag|Serbia}} <br> {{flag|Slowakia}} <br> {{flag|Slovenia}} <br>{{flag|Somalia}} <br> {{flag|Ossetia Selatan}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Sudan}} <br> {{flag|Suriah}} <br> {{flag|Tunisia}} <br>{{flag|Transnistria}} (''de facto'') <br> {{flag|Turki}} <br> {{flag|Uni Emirat Arab}} <br> {{flag|Ukraina}} <br> {{flag|Yaman}}|}}
| image_map2 = Ottoman Empire 16-17th century.jpg
| image_map_caption2 =
| image_map2_caption = Wilayah Utsmaniyah (merah) bersama [[Negara-negara bawahan dan taklukan Kesultanan Ustmaniyah|negara vasal]] (merah terang) Kesultanan Utsmaniyah abad ke-16.
}}
 
'''Kesultanan Utsmaniyah''', nama resmi '''Daulat/Negara Agung Utsmaniyah''' ({{lang-ota|دولت عليه عثمانیه}} ''Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿO<u>s</u>mâniyye'')<ref name="twareekh.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.twareekh.com/images/upload/aboutus/ottmani10liras1334F-.jpg |title=Ottoman banknote with Arabic script |accessdate=26 August 2010 |archive-date=2017-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328141013/http://www.twareekh.com/images/upload/aboutus/ottmani10liras1334F-.jpg |dead-url=yes }}</ref> sering disebut dalam bahasa Turki modern sebagai ''{{lang|tr|Osmanlı İmparatorluğu}}'' ('''Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah''') atau ''{{lang|tr|Osmanlı Devleti}}'' ('''Negara Utsmaniyah'''); kadang disebut '''Kesultanan Turki''', '''Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah''' atau '''[[Turki]] Utsmani''' adalah kekaisaran lintas benua yang didirikan oleh suku-suku [[bangsa Turki|Turki]] di bawah pimpinan [[Osman I|Osman Bey]] di barat laut [[Anatolia]] pada tahun 1299.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/434996/Ottoman-Empire |title=Ottoman Empire |publisher=Britannica Online Encyclopedia |date= |accessdate=11 February 2013}}</ref> Setelah 1354, Utsmaniyah melintasi Eropa dan memulai penaklukkan Balkan, mengubah negara Utsmaniyah yang hanya berupa kadipaten kecil menjadi negara lintas benua. Utsmani mengakhiri riwayat [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]] seiring [[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel|penaklukan Konstantinopel]] oleh [[Mehmed II]] tahun 1453.<ref>The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire, by Selcuk Aksin Somel, 2010, p.179</ref><ref>The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922, Donald Quataert, 2005, p.4</ref><ref>The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture: Delhi to Mosque, Jonathan M. Bloom, Sheila Blair, 2009. p.82</ref>
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah"