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{{Infobox national military
|country = Israel
|image = [[Berkas:Badge of the Israel Defense Forces.new.svg|150px180px]]
|caption = Logo AngkatanPasukan Pertahanan Israel
|founded = 26 Mei 1948
|current_form =
|disbanded =
|branches =
[[Berkas:Flag of the Israeli Army (Land Arm).svg|23px]] [[Angkatan Darat Israel]]<br>[[Berkas:Air Force Ensign of Israel.svg|23px]] [[Angkatan Udara Israel]]<br>[[Berkas:Naval Ensign of Israel.svg|23px]] [[Angkatan Laut Israel]]
<!-- Leadership -->
|minister = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Israel Minister of Defence.svg|size=20px}} [[EhudYoav BarakGalant]]
|minister_title = [[MenteriKementerian Pertahanan (Israel)|Menteri Pertahanan]]
|commander = {{Flagicon image|Flag of IDF Chief of Staff.svg|size=20px}} [[RavLetnan AlufJenderal|Letjen]] [[BennyHerzi GantzHalevi]]
|commander_title = [[ChiefKepala ofStaf General StaffUmum (Israel)|Chief ofKepala GeneralStaf StaffUmum]]
|conscriptionage = 1817▼
<!-- Manpower -->
|ageconscription = 24–34 = 18bulan
▲|conscription = 18
|manpower_data = 2000 est.
|manpower_age = 17–49
|available = 1,.554,.186 pria (2016)<br>1.514.063 wanita (2016)
|available_f = 1,514,063
|fit = 1,.499,.998 pria (2016)<br>1.392.319 wanita (2016)
|fit_f = 1,392,319
|reaching = 54,14860.000 pria dan wanita (2016)
|reaching_f = 47,996
|active = 169.500, termasuk 102.500 yang wajib militer
|active = 176,500<ref name="INSS">[http://www.inss.org.il/upload/(FILE)1336472780.pdf "The Institute for National Security Studies", chapter Israel, 2012] May 8, 2012.</ref> ([[List of countries by number of active troops|ranking ke-34]])
|reserve = 445,465.000<ref name="INSS"/>
|amount = [[Dolar Amerika Serikat|US$]]20,5 miliar (2019)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/fs_2020_04_milex_0_0.pdf |title = Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2019 }}</ref>
<!-- Financial -->
|percent_GDP = 5,3% (2019)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/fs_2020_04_milex_0_0.pdf |title = Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2019 }}</ref>
|amount = 50.6[[Israeli new shekel|₪]] miliar (~$13.5 miliar)<ref name="budget12">{{cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=defense&id=news/dti/2012/01/01/DT_01_01_2012_p42-400663.xml&headline=Israel%20Uses%20Special%20Funds%20To%20Boost%20Spending|title=Israel Uses Special Funds To Boost Spending|author=David Eshel|publisher=AviationWeek }}</ref> (2012)
|percent_GDP = 6.9% (2011)<ref name="budget11">{{cite web|url=http://gb.zinio.com/reader.jsp?issue=416150696|title=Analyzing numbers: The cost of Israeli defense is elusive (page 52)|author=David Esel|publisher=AviationWeek/dti }}</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4054947,00.html Defense budget gets additional NIS 260M] ynetnews, Zvi Lavi Published: 11 April 2011, 14:27</ref>
<!-- Industrial -->
|domestic_suppliers = [[Israel Aerospace Industries]]<br />[[Israel Military Industries]]<br />[[Israel Weapon Industries]]<br />[[Elbit Systems]]<br />[[Elisra]]<br />[[Elta]]<br />[[Rafael Advanced Defense Systems]]<br />[[Soltam Systems]]<br />[[Plasan]]<br />[[Automotive Industries]]<br />[[Hatehof]]<br />[[Israel Shipyards]]<br />[[SimiGon]]<br />[[BUL Transmark]]<br />[[Aeronautics Defense Systems]]<br />[[Ordnance Corps (Israel)|Israel Ordnance Corps]]<br />[[Meprolight]]
|foreign_suppliers = {{flag|UnitedAmerika StatesSerikat}}<ref>{{cite web|last=Chossudovsky|first=Michel|url=http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=11743|title=Unusually Large U.S. Weapons Shipment to Israel: Are the US and Israel Planning a Broader Middle East War?|publisher=Globalresearch.ca|accessdate=1 June 2010}}</ref><br />{{flag|GermanyJerman}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/24/AR2006082401050.html|title=Israel Buys 2 Nuclear-Capable Submarines|work=The Washington Post|date= 25 August 2006|accessdate=1 June 2010|first=Ramit|last=Plushnick-Masti}}</ref>
<!-- Related aricles -->
|history = [[1948Perang Arab–IsraeliArab-Israel War1948|War ofPerang IndependenceKemerdekaan]] (1948–1949)<br />[[RetributionOperasi operationsReprisal]] (1950s–1960s)<br />[[Krisis Suez|Perang Crisis|Sinai War]] (1956)<br />[[WarPerang overEnam WaterHari]] (1964–1967)<br />[[Six-DayPertempuran WarKarameh]] (1967)<br />[[BattlePerang of KaramehAtrisi]] (1968)<br />[[WarPerang of Attrition]] (1967–1970)<br />[[Yom Kippur War]] (1973)<br />[[1978 SouthKonflik Lebanon conflictSelatan 1978|Konflik Litani]] (1978)<br />[[1982Perang Lebanon War1982|FirstPerang Lebanon WarPertama]] (1982)<br />[[SouthKonflik Lebanon conflictSelatan (1982–2000)|SouthKonflik Lebanon conflictSelatan]] (1982–2000)<br />[[FirstIntifadhah IntifadaPertama]] (1987–1993)<br />[[SecondIntifadhah al-Aqsha|Intifada Kedua]] (2000–2005)<br />[[2006Perang Lebanon War2006|SecondPerang Lebanon WarKedua]] (2006)<br />[[Konflik Israel-Gaza War2008-2009|Perang Gaza]]<br />[[Operasi Pilar (2008–2009)Pertahanan]]<br />[[MilitaryKonflik operationsIsrael–Gaza conducted2014|Perang byGaza the2014]]<br Israel/>[[Krisis DefenseIsrael–Palestina Forces2021|OtherKrisis 2021]]
|ranks =
|name=Pasukan Pertahanan Israel|native_name=צבא ההגנה לישראל<br>Tsva ha-Hagana le-Yisra'el|website=https://www.idf.il/en/|image2=[[Berkas:Flag of the Israel Defense Forces.svg|180px]]|caption2=Bendera Pasukan Pertahanan Israel|commander-in-chief={{Flagicon image|Flag of the Prime Minister of Israel.svg|size=20px}} [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]|commander-in-chief_title=[[Perdana Menteri Israel|Perdana Menteri]]}}
}}
'''Pasukan Pertahanan Israel''' ([[bahasa Ibrani]]: צבא ההגנה לישראל ''Tsva HaHagana LeYisrael'' '''''{{Audio|He-Israeli Defense Forces.ogg|dengarkan}}''''', ''"[Tentara] Angkatan untuk Pertahanan Israel"''), yang sering kali disingkat dengan singkatan bahasa Ibrani צה"ל '''''Ts''a''h''a''l''''', atau '''''Tz''a''h''a''l''''', adalah sebutan bagi angkatan bersenjata [[Israel]], yang terdiri atas [[Angkatan Darat Israel]], [[Angkatan Udara Israel]] dan [[Angkatan Laut Israel]]. Dalam bahasa Inggris, singkatannya lebih dikenal sebagai '''Israel Defence Forces''' atau disingkat '''IDF'''.
 
IDF adalah salah satu militer paling unik dunia karena juga mengikutkan perempuan dalam [[wajib militer]] sejak pembentukannya. IDF adalah salah satu badan paling menonjol dalam masyarakat Israel karena pengaruhnya terhadap ekonomi, budaya dan panggung politik Israel. IDF menggunakan beberapa teknologi yang dikembangkan di Israel, dengan banyak di antaranya dibuat khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan IDF di lingkungan operasionalnya di Levant, seperti [[tank tempur utama]] [[Merkava]], [[pengangkut personel lapis baja]] [[IDF Achzarit|Achzarit]], [[Pertahanan udara|sistem pertahanan udara]] [[Kubah Besi|Iron Dome]], sistem perlindungan aktif Trophy untuk kendaraan, dan [[senapan serbu]] [[IMI Galil|Galil]] dan [[IWI Tavor|Tavor]]. Senapan mesin ringan [[Uzi]] telah digunakan oleh IDF hingga Desember 2003, mengakhiri layanan yang dimulai pada tahun 1954. Sejak tahun 1967, IDF memiliki hubungan militer yang erat dengan [[Amerika Serikat]],<ref>{{Cite book|date=1990|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42855088|title=Israel after Begin|location=Albany|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=0-585-05507-6|others=Gregory S. Mahler|oclc=42855088}}</ref> termasuk dalam kerjasama pembangunan, seperti seperti pada jet [[F-15 Eagle|F-15]]I, sistem pertahanan laser [[Tactical High Energy Laser|THEL]], dan sistem pertahanan rudal [[Arrow (peluru kendali Israel)|Arrow]].
{{IDFTable}}{{Israelis}}
== Sejarah ==
Baris 49 ⟶ 48:
=== Dinas dan jumlah tenaga ===
==== Dinas biasa ====
[[Berkas:Nahal-kumta.jpg|kiri|jmpl|Pasukan dinas militer Israel]]
Laki-laki dan perempuan Yahudi dan [[Druze]] yang berusia di atas 18 tahun dikenai wajib dinas militer nasional, meskipun pengecualian dapat diberikan atas alasan-alasan agama, fisik maupun psikologis (lihat [[Profil 21]]). Laki-laki dalam komunitas [[Yudaisme Haredi|Haredi]] dapat memilih untuk dikecualikan sementara mereka belajar di [[Yeshiva]], sebuah praktik yang menjadi sumber ketegangan ,<ref>Rosenthal 2003:51</ref>, meskipun sebagian program yeshiva seperti [[Hesder]] menyediakan kesempatan untuk berdinas.
 
Laki-laki berdinas di IDF selama tiga tahun, sementara perempuan dua tahun atau kadang-kadang kurang dari dua tahun. Kadang-kadang IDF dapat meminta perempuan yang menjadi relawan untuk posisi-posisi tempur untuk berdinas selama tiga tahun karena tentara-tentara tempur harus menjalani periode latihan yang lama. Perempuan dalam posisi tempur juga dituntut untuk berdinas sebagai perwira cadangan selama beberapa tahun setelah mereka diberhentikan dari dinas biasa, sebelum mereka menikah atau hamil.
Baris 385:
===Targeted killing===
{{main|Targeted killing}}
The IDF employs a controversial strategy of "focused foiling" (in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]: סיכול ממוקד ''sikul memukad''), termed "extra-judicial executions" by human rights organizations, <ref>http://www.btselem.org/Download/200101_Extrajudicial_Killings_Eng.doc</ref> of presumed Palestinian terrorist leaders, aimed at preventing future acts of violence by killing a person related to anticipated future violence (such as terrorist at the stages of planning or executing a [[terror|terrorist attack]]).
This policy has been widely condemned by the United Nations and many other countries as it said to be violating The International Humanitarian Law (Hague Convention IV of 1907).
 
Baris 436:
* {{he}}{{en}} [http://www.idf.il/ The IDF Official Website]
* [http://www.isayeret.com/ isayeret.com] - The Israeli Special Forces Database
* [http://www1.idf.il/DOVER/site/mainpage.asp?sl=EN&id=32 The IDF Spirit - the ethical code of the IDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060430031938/http://www1.idf.il/dover/site/mainpage.asp?sl=EN&id=32 |date=2006-04-30 }}
* [http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2002/584/14inv.htm Civil society under attack(detailing IDF)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060622225501/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2002/584/14inv.htm |date=2006-06-22 }}
* [http://www.magavjerusalem.com Jerusalem volunteer Border Guard] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208051713/http://magavjerusalem.com/ |date=2011-02-08 }}
* [http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief3-8.htm IDF Code of Conduct]
* [httphttps://www.fotw.netinfo/flags/il%5E.html Israeli Armed Forces at Flags of the World]
* ''The Sword and the Olive'', Martin Van Creveld, ISBN 1-891620-05-3. A thorough and critical history of the IDF from the early defence leagues, and up to the late 1990s.
* [http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/israel/nuke/ FAS's page about Israel's nuclear capability]
Baris 446:
* [http://www.israeli-weapons.com Israeli Weapons]
* [http://www.isayeret.com/ Isayeret.com]: The Israeli Special Forces Database
* [http://www.idf.il/daily_statistics/english/5.doc Statistics about IDF ratio of thwarting suicide bombing attacks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040331141054/http://www.idf.il/daily_statistics/english/5.doc |date=2004-03-31 }} (link to DOC file)
* [http://www.defense-update.com Defense-Update Online Magazine]
* [[Haaretz]] report: "From 40 attacks per quarter to 5 attacks per quarter":[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/413396.html English] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040420160442/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/413396.html |date=2004-04-20 }} - [http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasite/pages/ShArtPE.jhtml?itemNo=413586&contrassID=2&subContrassID=1&sbSubContrassID=0 Hebrew] - [http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasite/images/printed/P080404/zza.jpg Graph 1: Thwarted attacks (yellow) vs successful attacks (red)] - [http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasite/images/printed/P080404/a.0.0804.10.2.9.jpg Graph 2: Suicide bombing within the "green line" per quarter] .
* [http://www.waronline.org/ War Online] - military analysis and military history of the Middle East, especially IDF (Russian, English)
* [http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks47.html The Israeli Military and Israel's Palestinian Policy: From Oslo to the Al Aqsa Intifada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814201910/http://www.usip.org/pubs/peaceworks/pwks47.html |date=2006-08-14 }} [[U.S. Institute of Peace]], Desember 2002
 
{{Israel Defense Forces}}
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[[Kategori:Angkatan Pertahanan Israel| ]]
[[Kategori:Angkatan bersenjata menurut negara]]
 
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