Pembantaian Zamfara 2022: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Hanamanteo (bicara | kontrib)
baru
 
k clean up
 
(2 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{akan dikerjakan|Hanamanteo}}
{{penjelasan singkat|Rangkaian pembunuhan massal Nigeria Barat Laut}}
{{kotak kampanye konflik bandit Nigeria}}
Baris 13 ⟶ 12:
Sesaat sebelum serangan, bandit memimpin serangan melawan 3.000 ternak yang kemudian diadang warga setempat, sehingga mengarah kepada baku tembak dan pertempuran antara kedua pihak. Penjaga ternak yang kalah jumlah hilang dan banyak dari mereka dibunuh oleh bandit, sehingga pembunuhan penduduk desa bermula.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Armed bandits kill at least 30 in Nigeria's Zamfara state|url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-691875|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-13|website=The Jerusalem Post|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=8 January 2022|title=How Zamfara terrorists invaded our villages, killed over 200, burnt houses –Survivors|url=https://punchng.com/how-zamfara-terrorists-invaded-our-villages-killed-over-200-burnt-houses-survivors/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Punch Newspapers|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109125021/https://punchng.com/how-zamfara-terrorists-invaded-our-villages-killed-over-200-burnt-houses-survivors/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=7 January 2022|title=Bloodbath in Zamfara villages as bandits kill 200, scores missing|url=https://punchng.com/bloodbath-in-zamfara-villages-as-bandits-kill-200-scores-missing/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Punch Newspapers|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110063341/https://punchng.com/bloodbath-in-zamfara-villages-as-bandits-kill-200-scores-missing/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Bermula sekitar pukul 12:45 4 Januari, bandit bersenjata dengan sepeda motor yang jumlahnya diperkirakan mencapai 300–500 memasuki kotadesa Kurfar Danya, sehingga menandai permulaan serangkaianrangkaian serangan terhadap desa-desa di [[kawasan pemerintah daerah Nigeria|kawasan pemerintah daerah]] [[Anka]] dan [[Bukkuyum]] di Zamfara.<ref name="A" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Reporters|first=Our Correspondent Our|title=Banditry: Over 10,000 victims rendered homeless in Zamfara – FG|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/banditry-over-10000-victims-rendered-homeless-in-zamfara-fg/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=New Telegraph|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110055418/https://www.newtelegraphng.com/banditry-over-10000-victims-rendered-homeless-in-zamfara-fg/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=8 January 2022|title=Death toll in attacks in Nigeria's Zamfara state around 200 - residents|work=[[National Post]]|url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/death-toll-in-attacks-in-nigerias-zamfara-state-around-200-residents|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="A" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=8 January 2022|title=Armed bandits kill at least 30 in Nigeria's Zamfara state|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/armed-bandits-kill-least-30-nigerias-zamfara-state-2022-01-07/|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109210244/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/armed-bandits-kill-least-30-nigerias-zamfara-state-2022-01-07/|url-status=live}}</ref> Kelompok bandit menembak penduduk desa saat mereka menjarah dan membakar rumah merekapenduduk desa hingga rata dengan tanah.<ref>{{Cite web|title=More Than 100 Killed in Attack in Nigeria's North, Reports Say|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/more-than-100-killed-in-attack-in-nigeria-s-north-survivors-say-/6387731.html|access-date=9 January 2022|website=VOA|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109222828/https://www.voanews.com/a/more-than-100-killed-in-attack-in-nigeria-s-north-survivors-say-/6387731.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Selama dua hari, bandit bersenjata mengepung kotadesa Kurfa dan Rafin-Gero tanpa campur tangan pemerintah.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=7 January 2022|title=Armed Bandits Kill at Least 30 in Nigeria's Zamfara State|work=[[US News]]|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-01-07/armed-bandits-kill-at-least-30-in-nigerias-zamfara-state|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110202620/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-01-07/armed-bandits-kill-at-least-30-in-nigerias-zamfara-state|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Lima pemukiman berbeda dihancurkan oleh bandit.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=6 January 2022|title=Bandits burn down five Zamfara communities, kill many people|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/504380-bandits-burn-down-five-zamfara-communities-kill-many-people.html|url-status=live|access-date=9 January 2022|website=[[Premium Times]]|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107091957/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/504380-bandits-burn-down-five-zamfara-communities-kill-many-people.html}}</ref> Seorang yang selamat menggambarkan para bandit sebagai menembak "siapa pun yang terlihat."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Nigeria's president condemns killings in Zamfara state|url=https://www.dw.com/en/nigerias-president-condemns-killings-in-zamfara-state/a-60369729|url-status=live|access-date=9 January 2022|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref>
 
ThePembantaian massacresberakhir ended on Thursday,pada 6 January,Januari aftersetelah militarypasukan forcesmiliter interceptedmencegat banditsbandit.<ref name="B">{{Cite web|title=Authorities: Death Toll Surpass 200 in Attacks in Nigeria's North|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/authorities-death-toll-surpass-200-in-attacks-in-nigeria-s-north/6389068.html|access-date=10 January 2022|website=VOA|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109224134/https://www.voanews.com/a/authorities-death-toll-surpass-200-in-attacks-in-nigeria-s-north/6389068.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> ASeorang pemimpin bandit leader namedbernama Bello Turji was accused ofdituduh beingbertanggung responsiblejawab foratas thepembantaian massacresini.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=10 January 2022|title=Endless massacres by Islamists in Nigeria: Boko, ISIS, Turji loyalists, Fulani, and others {{!}} Modern Tokyo Times|url=http://moderntokyotimes.com/endless-massacres-by-islamists-in-nigeria-boko-isis-turji-loyalists-fulani-and-others/|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110034907/http://moderntokyotimes.com/endless-massacres-by-islamists-in-nigeria-boko-isis-turji-loyalists-fulani-and-others/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gabriel|first=John|date=9 January 2022|title=Zamfara killings: You'll never know peace – University don curses bandits, sponsors|url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/01/09/zamfara-killings-youll-never-know-peace-university-don-curses-bandits-sponsors/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Daily Post Nigeria|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109223034/https://dailypost.ng/2022/01/09/zamfara-killings-youll-never-know-peace-university-don-curses-bandits-sponsors/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" />
 
The massacres ended on Thursday, 6 January, after military forces intercepted bandits.<ref name="B">{{Cite web|title=Authorities: Death Toll Surpass 200 in Attacks in Nigeria's North|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/authorities-death-toll-surpass-200-in-attacks-in-nigeria-s-north/6389068.html|access-date=10 January 2022|website=VOA|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109224134/https://www.voanews.com/a/authorities-death-toll-surpass-200-in-attacks-in-nigeria-s-north/6389068.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> A bandit leader named Bello Turji was accused of being responsible for the massacres.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=10 January 2022|title=Endless massacres by Islamists in Nigeria: Boko, ISIS, Turji loyalists, Fulani, and others {{!}} Modern Tokyo Times|url=http://moderntokyotimes.com/endless-massacres-by-islamists-in-nigeria-boko-isis-turji-loyalists-fulani-and-others/|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110034907/http://moderntokyotimes.com/endless-massacres-by-islamists-in-nigeria-boko-isis-turji-loyalists-fulani-and-others/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gabriel|first=John|date=9 January 2022|title=Zamfara killings: You'll never know peace – University don curses bandits, sponsors|url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/01/09/zamfara-killings-youll-never-know-peace-university-don-curses-bandits-sponsors/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Daily Post Nigeria|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109223034/https://dailypost.ng/2022/01/09/zamfara-killings-youll-never-know-peace-university-don-curses-bandits-sponsors/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+Daftar permukiman yang terkonfirmasi menjadi sasaran<!-- Please find at least two sources before inserting a new addition. Make sure that the new addition is not an already listed village under the same name.-->
!Nama
!Name
!Tanggal diserang
!Date attacked
!Rincian
!Details
!Referensi
!References
|-
|Kurfar Danya
|4 Januari
|4 January, Tuesday
|First to be targeted; population displaced
|<ref name=":04" /><ref name=":42" /><ref name=":20" />
|-
|Rafin Danya
|4 Januari
|4 January, Tuesday
|Hancur
|Destroyed
|<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Lives valueless under Buhari's govt – Kingsley Moghalu - P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/01/09/lives-valueless-under-buharis-govt-kingsley-moghalu/|url-status=live|access-date=10 January 2022|website=[[P.M. News]]|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109124710/https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/01/09/lives-valueless-under-buharis-govt-kingsley-moghalu/}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
|-
|Barayar Zaki
|4 Januari
|4 January, Tuesday
|
|<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 January 2022|title=Bandits dare Nigerian military, return to Zamfara to massacre 218 civilians|url=https://gazettengr.com/bandits-dare-nigerian-military-return-to-zamfara-to-massacre-218-civilians/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Peoples Gazette|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110234033/https://gazettengr.com/bandits-dare-nigerian-military-return-to-zamfara-to-massacre-218-civilians/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Rafin Gero
|4 Januari
|4 January, Tuesday
|Besieged, destroyed
|<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last=editing|date=6 January 2022|title=Bandits Attack Five Zamfara Communities, Kill Many Residents|url=http://saharareporters.com/2022/01/06/bandits-attack-five-zamfara-communities-kill-many-residents|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Sahara Reporters|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109024428/http://saharareporters.com/2022/01/06/bandits-attack-five-zamfara-communities-kill-many-residents|url-status=live}}</ref>
Baris 50:
|Tungar Isa
|
|Hancur
|Destroyed
|<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 January 2022|title=Más de 200 muertos en ataques de bandidos en Nigeria|url=https://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-mas-200-muertos-ataques-bandidos-nigeria-202201081634_noticia.html|access-date=10 January 2022|website=abc|language=es|archive-date=8 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108170048/https://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-mas-200-muertos-ataques-bandidos-nigeria-202201081634_noticia.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5" />
|-
|Kewaye
Baris 63:
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=Edokwe|first=Bridget|date=8 January 2022|title=Over 200 Residents Buried As Bandits Raze Zamfara Communities In Fresh Attacks|url=https://barristerng.com/over-200-residents-buried-as-bandits-raze-zamfara-communities-in-fresh-attacks/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=BarristerNG.com|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110230246/https://barristerng.com/over-200-residents-buried-as-bandits-raze-zamfara-communities-in-fresh-attacks/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Brown|first=Tamsin|date=9 January 2022|title=Hundreds killed in vicious bandit attacks on Nigerian villages|url=https://www.euroweeklynews.com/2022/01/09/hundreds-killed-in-vicious-bandit-attacks-on-nigerian-villages/|url-status=live|access-date=10 January 2022|website=[[EuroWeekly News]]|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109120320/https://www.euroweeklynews.com/2022/01/09/hundreds-killed-in-vicious-bandit-attacks-on-nigerian-villages/}}</ref>
|}
 
== Korban ==
Pihak berwenang Zamfara menyebut 58 orang tewas, tetapi pernyataan ini sangat kontroversial.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 January 2022|title=Nigerian locals, authorities give varying attack death tolls|url=https://www.cbs17.com/news/nigerian-locals-authorities-give-varying-attack-death-tolls/|url-status=live|access-date=10 January 2022|website=[[CBS17]]|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110042552/https://www.cbs17.com/news/nigerian-locals-authorities-give-varying-attack-death-tolls/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=CNN|first=Story by Reuters and Nimi Princewill|title=Scores killed in northwest Nigeria during reprisal attacks by armed bandits|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/09/africa/northwest-nigeria-attacks-intl/index.html|access-date=10 January 2022|website=CNN|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110042052/https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/09/africa/northwest-nigeria-attacks-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Beberapa pengungsi menyebut 154 orang tewas.<ref name=":1" /> Juru bicara [[Sadiya Umar Farouq]], Menteri Kemanusiaan, mengatakan bahwa lebih dari 200 mayat dikubur dan pernyataan ini disetujui penduduk setempat.<ref name="A" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=8 January 2022|title=About 200 Dead in Attacks in Northwest Nigeria, Residents Say|work=[[US News]]|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-01-08/death-toll-in-attacks-in-nigerias-zamfara-state-around-200-residents|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110202621/https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-01-08/death-toll-in-attacks-in-nigerias-zamfara-state-around-200-residents|url-status=live}}</ref> Di antara para korban pembunuhan itu adalah Gambo Abare, seorang pemimpin terkemuka [[vigilantisme|kelompok main hakim sendiri]] yang menentang bandit.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=7 January 2022|title=Zamfara Attacks: Over 50 dead bodies found as residents panic over rumour of Turji's relocation|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/504549-zamfara-attacks-over-50-dead-bodies-found-as-residents-panic-over-rumour-of-turjis-relocation.html|access-date=9 January 2022|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107114900/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/504549-zamfara-attacks-over-50-dead-bodies-found-as-residents-panic-over-rumour-of-turjis-relocation.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 January 2022|title=Insecurity: Round-up Of Northwest Nigeria's Week Of Mixed Fortunes|url=https://humanglemedia.com/insecurity-round-up-of-northwest-nigerias-week-of-mixed-fortunes/|access-date=10 January 2022|website=HumAngle Media|archive-date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111103130/https://humanglemedia.com/insecurity-round-up-of-northwest-nigerias-week-of-mixed-fortunes/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== Kesudahan ==
Lebih dari 10 ribu orang menjadi [[pengungsi internal]] dan lima permukiman dibakar.<ref name="A" /><ref name=":0" /> Banyak orang masih hilang.<ref>{{Cite web|last=AfricaNews|date=10 January 2022|title=Nigeria: bandits attacks kill at least 200, displacing thousands|url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/01/10/nigeria-bandits-attacks-kill-at-least-200-displacing-thousands/|url-status=live|access-date=10 January 2022|website=Africanews|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110191048/https://www.africanews.com/2022/01/10/nigeria-bandits-attacks-kill-at-least-200-displacing-thousands/}}</ref> Banyak sumber daya dicuri dengan perkiraan 2 ribu ternak diambil oleh bandit.<ref>{{Cite news|date=9 January 2022|title=Nigeria motorbike gang attack: Death toll rises to 200|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59925413|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109232046/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59925413|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria: Armed assailants kill up to 200 civilians in attacks in Zamfara State Jan. 5-6|url=https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/564141/nigeria-armed-assailants-kill-up-to-200-civilians-in-attacks-in-zamfara-state-jan-5-6|access-date=10 January 2022|website=GardaWorld|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110234900/https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/564141/nigeria-armed-assailants-kill-up-to-200-civilians-in-attacks-in-zamfara-state-jan-5-6|url-status=live}}</ref> Pihak berwenang Nigeria tiba di distrik-distrik untuk membantu mengatur penguburan massal dan masih aktif.<ref name=":1" /> Upaya bantuan sedang berlangsung.<ref>{{Cite web|last=AFP|date=10 January 2022|title=Nigeria attacks leave 200 dead, thousands displaced|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1668608|access-date=10 January 2022|website=DAWN.COM|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110045503/https://www.dawn.com/news/1668608|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Pemerintah dan polisi Nigeria telah meluncurkan perburuan terhadap para pelaku dengan menggunakan pesawat militer.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-01-07|title=Survivors: Over 100 killed in attack in Nigeria’s north|language=en-CA|work=The Toronto Star|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/africa/2022/01/07/survivors-over-100-killed-in-attack-in-nigerias-north.html|access-date=2022-01-13|issn=0319-0781}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-09|title=Death toll in Nigeria raids by gunmen climbs to 200, says official|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2022/01/09/Death-toll-in-Nigeria-raids-by-gunmen-climbs-to-200-says-official|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Al Arabiya English|language=en}}</ref>
 
Serangan oleh bandit tidak berhenti dan bandit menyerbu desa Yar Kuka, menculik dua belas orang, termasuk kepala desa, istri dan saudara laki-lakinya, serta dua penambang dari [[Burkina Faso]] pada 10 Januari.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-13|title=Boko Haram still in control of 2 Borno LGAs, says Zulum|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/01/boko-haram-still-in-control-of-2-borno-lgas-says-zulum-2/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> Keesokan harinya, bandit menyerbu Kadauri di [[Maru]] dan menculik enam wanita.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-12|title=Bandits abduct village head, two foreigners, nine others in Zamfara|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/505373-bandits-abduct-village-head-two-foreigners-nine-others-in-zamfara.html|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-13|website=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Pada 11 Januari, bandit membantai 51 warga sipil dari [[Plateau (negara bagian)|Plateau]] dan [[Niger (negara bagian)|Niger]] dalam kejadian serupa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-13|title=Bandits kill 51, houses burnt in attacks on communities|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/bandits-kill-51-houses-burnt-in-attacks-on-communities/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
Pada 12 Januari, Gubernur Zamfara [[Bello Matawalle]] mengumumkan ketidakamanan telah menjadi ancaman eksistensial di negara dan Nigeria Barat Laut secara keseluruhan serta amenuntut pemerintah federal untuk melibatkan diri lebih jauh ke dalam konflik.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-12|title=Insecurity in North-west now an existential threat - Zamfara Governor|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/505548-insecurity-in-north-west-now-an-existential-threat-zamfara-governor.html|access-date=2022-01-13|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria: Attacks leave at least 52 killed in Plateau and Niger states Jan. 11-12|url=https://crisis24.garda.com/insights-intelligence/intelligence/risk-alerts/wip1001347521/nigeria-attacks-leave-at-least-52-killed-in-plateau-and-niger-states-jan-11-12|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Nigeria: Attacks leave at least 52 killed in Plateau and Niger states Jan. 11-12 {{!}} Crisis24|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-13|title=Newspaper Headlines: Bandits kill 51 in Plateau, Niger communities|url=https://www.thecable.ng/newspaper-headlines-bandits-kill-51-in-plateau-niger-communities|access-date=2022-01-13|website=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Bagudu|first=Mustapha|date=January 13, 2022|title=Bandits Kill 13 Villagers In Niger Communities|work=The Will Nigeria|url=https://thewillnigeria.com/news/bandits-kill-13-villagers-in-niger-communities/|access-date=January 13, 2022}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==