Pertempuran Malaya: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 6:
|date=[[8 Desember]] [[1941]] – [[31 Januari]] [[1942]]
|place=[[Malaya Britania]]
|result=Kemenangan
| combatant1 = '''[[Blok Sekutu dalam Perang Dunia II|Sekutu:]]'''<br>'''{{flag|British Empire}}'''<br>{{bulleted list|{{UK}}|{{flagcountry|British India}}|[[British Malaya|Malaya]]|{{nowrap|{{flag|Negeri-Negeri Selat}}}}|{{AUS}}|{{flagcountry|Selandia Baru}}}}{{flagdeco|NED}} [[Pemerintahan Belanda di pengasingan|Belanda]]{{bulleted list|{{flag|Dutch East Indies}}}}<hr>{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg}} [[Kuomintang|Kuomintang Malaya]]<ref name="Kratoska2018">{{cite book|author=Paul H. Kratoska|title=The Japanese Occupation of Malaya and Singapore, 1941-45: A Social and Economic History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xvlqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA299|date=30 April 2018|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-638-2|pages=299–}}</ref><br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Partai Komunis Malaya]]<ref name="Kratoska2018"/>
|}}▼
| combatant2 = '''[[Blok Poros|Axis:]]'''<br>'''{{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}}'''<br>{{THA}}<hr>{{flagdeco|IDN}} [[Kesatuan Melayu Muda|Young Malays Union]]
'''Pertempuran Malaya''' adalah kampanye yang terjadi antara Sekutu dan Jepang di [[Malaya Britania|Malaya]] dari [[8 Desember]] [[1941]] sampai [[31 Januari]] [[1942]] selama [[Perang Dunia II]]. Kampanye ini didominasi oleh pertempuran darat antara Persemakmuran Britania dan Jepang. Bagi [[Britania Raya]], [[India]], [[Australia]] dan [[Malaya]] yang mempertahankan koloni ini, kampanye ini adalah bencana.▼
| commander1 = '''{{flagdeco|UK}} [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Archibald Wavell]]<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Robert Brooke-Popham|R. Brooke-Popham]]<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Arthur Percival]]{{surrendered}}'''<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Lewis Heath]]{{surrendered}}<br>{{nowrap|{{flagicon|UK}} [[David Murray-Lyon]]{{surrendered}}}}<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Archibald Paris]]{{KIA}}<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Arthur Edward Barstow|Arthur Barstow]]{{KIA}}<br>{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Gordon Bennett (jenderal)|Gordon Bennett]]<hr>{{flagicon|UK|naval}} [[Tom Phillips]]{{KIA}}<hr>{{flagicon|UK|air force}} [[Conway Pulford]]{{KIA}}<hr>{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg}} [[Leong Yew Koh]]<ref name="Kratoska2018"/><br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Lai Teck]]
| commander2 = '''{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Hisaichi Terauchi]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Tomoyuki Yamashita]]'''<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Takuro Matsui]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Takuma Nishimura]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Renya Mutaguchi]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} {{ill|Michio Sugawara|jp|菅原道大}}<hr>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Nobutake Kondō]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Jisaburō Ozawa]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Shintarō Hashimoto]]<hr>{{flagdeco|IDN}} [[Ibrahim Yaacob]]
| strength1 = 140,000 tentara<ref name="The Fall of Singapore">{{cite book| title = The Fall of Singapore | author = Frank Owen | publisher = Penguin Books | year = 2001 | location = England | isbn = 0-14-139133-2}}</ref><br>253 pesawat<br>810 artileri<br>208+ senjata anti-tank dan anti-pesawat<br>54 senjata benteng<ref name="Allen 2013 pp. 300-301">Allen (2013) pp. 300-301.</ref>{{efn|Between Singapore and Malaya, the Japanese captured 300 field guns, 180 mortars/howitzers, 100 anti-aircraft guns, 54 fortress guns, 108 1-pounder guns (likely a typo meant to say 2-pounder), and, on the mainland, another 330 guns of unspecified type. Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. "Did Singapore Have to Fall?: Churchill and the Impregnable Fortress". Routledge. 1 November 2003. Page 193 gives a total of 225 25-pounders and 18-pounders for the campaign, but this number excludes [[QF 4.5-inch howitzer|4.5-inch]] and [[QF 3.7-inch mountain howitzer|3.7-inch]] howitzers and 75mm field guns, as well as fortress guns. Page 74 gives a total of 226 for British artillery pieces during the siege of Singapore itself, including fortress guns (172 without them).}}<br>250+ AFV<ref name="Allen 2013 pp. 300-301"/>{{efn|50 armoured vehicles were captured on Malaya and 200 on Singapore, mostly [[Universal Carrier]]s and armoured cars; includes Mark VI 23 tanks.}}<ref name="The Indian cavalry: history of the Indian Armoured Corps, Volume 2">Sandhu 1987, p. 32.</ref><br>15.400+ kendaraan bermotor<ref>Allen (2013) pp. 300-301</ref>{{efn|1.800 truk dan 13.600 mobil dan kendaraan lain hilang dari tangan Jepang baik di Singapura maupun di daratan.}}
| strength2 = 70,000 tentara<br>568 pesawat<br>440+ artileri<ref>Allen, Louis. ''Singapore 1941–1942: Revised Edition'', Routledge, 2013. p. 169</ref><br>200 tank<br>3,000+ truk<ref>Toland, John. ''The Rising Sun'' New York: The Modern Library, 2003. p. 272</ref>
| casualties1 = '''145,703'''<br>5.703 tewas atau meninggal karena luka hingga 31 Januari + 7.531 tewas atau meninggal karena luka 1–16 Februari<ref name=Corfield382>Corfield & Corfield (2012), p. 743. The names of all of those who died are listed in the book.</ref><br>10.000 terluka<br>130.000 ditangkap<ref name=Wigmore382>Wigmore 1957, p. 382</ref>
| casualties2 = '''9,657''' (Termasuk korban dari [[Pertempuran Singapura]])<br>3.507 tewas<br>6.150 terluka<ref>Tsuji (1960) p. 220. 1,793 dead and 2,772 wounded in Malaya; 1,714 dead and 3,378 wounded at Singapore.</ref>
| campaignbox = {{Kotak kampanye Malaya}}
{{Kotak kampanye Pasifik 1941}}
{{Kotak kampanye Perang Pasifik}}
| width = 350px
▲'''Pertempuran Malaya''' adalah
Kejatuhan Malaya, dan kemudian Singapura, menjadi lonceng pertanda kematian bagi Hindia Belanda, yang jatuh kurang dari dua bulan kemudian dan berarti akan mengakhiri [[penjajahan]] yang telah berlangsung ratusan tahun di wilayah [[Asia Tenggara]].
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
==Catatan==
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.cofepow.org.uk/pages/armedforces_m_campaign.html Campaign in Malaya on The Children (& Families) of the Far East Prisoners of War]
* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#far Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503114041/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#far |date=2009-05-03 }} Royal Engineers and the Second World War - the Far East
* [http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/japadvance/malaya.html Australia's War 1939-1945: Battle of Malaya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201153314/http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/japadvance/malaya.html |date=2008-02-01 }}
* [http://historyanimated.com/pacificwaranimated/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=34 Animated History of the Fall of Malaya and Singapore] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012163058/http://historyanimated.com/pacificwaranimated/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=34 |date=2007-10-12 }}
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[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1941]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah
[[Kategori:Pertempuran dan operasi militer dalam Perang Dunia II]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Jepang]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Britania Raya]]
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