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[[Berkas:Butaro Hospital.jpg|jmpl|Sebuah rumah sakit di [[Butaro]], Provinsi Utara.|alt=Foto yang menggambarkan bangunan rumah sakit dengan bendera Rwanda berkibar di dekatnya. Foto diambil dari jalan masuk.]]
 
Kualitas kesehatan di Rwanda masih rendah, tetapi membaik. Angka kematian bayi telah menurun menjadi setengah dari angka kematian bayi pada periode 2005-2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/21555571|work=The Economist|title=The best story in development|date=19 May 2012|access-date=2012-11-12|archive-date=2012-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112134443/http://www.economist.com/node/21555571|dead-url=no}}</ref> Negeri ini mengalami kekurangan tenaga medis profesional, dan terjadi pula kelangkaan dan ketidaktersediaan obat.{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=10}} Delapan puluh tujuh persen penduduk memiliki akses kesehatan, tetapi hanya ada dua doktor dan dua tenaga paramedis per 100.000 orang.{{sfn|UNDP (I)|2007|p=7}} Pemerintah mencoba memperbaiki keadaan ini sebagai bagian dari [[Visi 2020 (Rwanda)|Visi 2020]]. Pada tahun 2008, pemerintah mengalokasikan 9,7% pengeluaran nasional untuk kesehatan, dibandingkan dengan 3,2% pada tahun 1996.{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=10}} Pemerintah juga mendirikan institut pelatihan seperti [[Institut Kesehatan Kigali]].{{sfn|KHI|2012}} Asuransi kesehatan diwajibkan untuk semua orang pada tahun 2008;{{sfn|WHO|2008}} pada tahun 2010, lebih dari 90% telah terdaftar dalam asuransi.{{sfn|McNeil|2010}} Prevalensi beberapa penyakit telah berkurang, seperti pemberantasan [[tetanus]] maternal dan neonatal{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=4}} serta malaria,{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=5}} namun profil kesehatan Rwanda masih didominasi oleh penyakit menular.{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=4}} Prevalensi [[HIV/AIDS]] di Rwanda diklasifikasikan sebagai epidemik umum oleh [[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]]; diperkirakan 7,3% penduduk kota dan 2,2% penduduk desa yang berumur antara 15 hingga 49 tahun mengidap HIV positif.{{sfn|WHO|2009|p=5}}
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== Referensi ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Adekunle|first=Julius|year=2007|title=Culture and customs of Rwanda|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=[[Greenwood Press]]|isbn=978-0-313-33177-0|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=g0FC40EQujwC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175440/https://books.google.com/books?id=g0FC40EQujwC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=African Development Bank (AfDB) |date=2009-11-19 |title=AfDB Approves Funding for Burundi-Rwanda-Tanzania Railway Project Study |authorlink=African Development Bank |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-events/article/afdb-approves-funding-for-burundi-rwanda-tanzania-railway-project-study-5399/ |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|2009}} |archive-date=2010-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130112503/http://www.afdb.org/en/news-events/article/afdb-approves-funding-for-burundi-rwanda-tanzania-railway-project-study-5399/ |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=African Development Bank (AfDB) |date=2011-08-26 |title=Boosting Rwanda's Energy Sector: AfDB, other Lenders Commit USD 91.25 million to Kivuwatt Project |authorlink=African Development Bank |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |accessdate=2012-03-02 |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|2011}} |archive-date=2013-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120930/http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book|author1=African Development Bank (AfDB)|author2=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Centre|year=2006|title=African Economic Outlook|edition=5|location=Paris|publisher=OECD Publishing|isbn=978-92-64-02243-0|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fpEFOR6WmfYC|ref={{sfnRef||AfDB|OECD Development Centre|2006}}|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175430/https://books.google.com/books?id=fpEFOR6WmfYC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=Al Jazeera|date=2007-09-20|title=Rwanda blames DR Congo for violence|authorlink=Al Jazeera|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513110341/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Amnesty International |year=2010 |title=Human Rights in Republic of Rwanda |authorlink=Amnesty International |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2010 |accessdate=2012-03-15 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422191325/http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2010 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite news|last=Anyango|first=Gloria I.|date=4 February 2010|title=The Barbecue Chef who masters his roast|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?a=2784&week=5|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2014-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422184112/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?a=2784&week=5|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite book|last1=Appiah|first1=Anthony|last2=Gates|first2=Henry Louis|year=2010|title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1|edition=illustrated|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|url=http://books.google.com/?id=A0XNvklcqbwC|isbn=978-0-19-533770-9|ref=harv}}
* {{cite news|last=Asiimwe|first=Bosco R|date=2011-09-28|title=Gov't to sanction officials who failed to declare wealth|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14135&a=24621|accessdate=2012-03-14|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107065826/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14135&a=24621|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite book|last=Auzias|first=Dominique|year=2007|title=Rwanda|location=Paris|publisher=Petit Futé|language=French|isbn=978-2-7469-2037-8|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TyMs5XGSIzQC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175426/https://books.google.com/books?id=TyMs5XGSIzQC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (I)|date=2006-01-03|title=Rwanda redrawn to reflect compass|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115308/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4577790.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (II)|date=2006-03-31|title=Team reaches Nile's 'true source'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601132100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/4864782.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (III)|date=2010-01-12|title=Hutus 'killed Rwanda President Juvenal Habyarimana'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601115647/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/8453832.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (IV)|date=2010-08-11|title=Rwanda President Kagame wins election with 93% of vote|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2017-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018135933/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-10935892|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (V)|title=Rwanda country profile|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070265.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|date=25 November 2011|archive-date=2009-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205163713/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1070265.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (VI)|date=2010-08-27|title=Q&A: DR Congo conflict|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589|accessdate=2012-02-27|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223082018/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11108589|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC News (VII)|date=2011-11-03|title=Rwanda gives DR Congo back tonnes of smuggled minerals|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648|accessdate=2012-04-12|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425041024/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15570648|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=BBC Weather|title=Kigali|authorlink=BBC Weather|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/weather/forecast/782|accessdate=2012-02-16|work=BBC News|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011010121/http://news.bbc.co.uk/weather/forecast/782|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Best Country Reports |year=2007 |title=Temperature Map of Rwanda |publisher=World Trade Press |url=http://www.bestcountryreports.com/Temperature_Map_Rwanda.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310231145/http://www.bestcountryreports.com/Temperature_Map_Rwanda.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite news|last=Birakwate|first=Bruno|date=2012-03-26|title=Google Maps to promote Rwanda's tourism|newspaper=Rwanda Focus|url=http://focus.rw/wp/2012/03/google-maps-to-promote-rwandas-tourism/|accessdate=2012-04-03|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-04-18|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130418052607/http://focus.rw/wp/2012/03/google-maps-to-promote-rwandas-tourism/|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=Bowdler|first=Neil|date=2010-05-14|title=Apprentice adviser Nick Hewer's Rwanda mission|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8672889.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601123055/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8672889.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite journal |last=Boyd |first=J. Barron |year=1979 |month=December |title=African Boundary Conflict: An Empirical Study |journal=African Studies Review |issn=0002-0206 |volume=22 |issue=3 | jstor = 523892 | ref = harv |pages=1–14 }}
* {{cite news|last=Briggs|first=Jimmy|year=2004|month=August|title=A dance of hope in Rwanda|newspaper=[[Dance Magazine]]|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_8_78/ai_n6142333/|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119125802/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1083/is_8_78/ai_n6142333/|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite book|last1=Briggs|first1=Philip|last2=Booth|first2=Janice|year=2006|title=Rwanda&nbsp;– The Bradt Travel Guide|edition=3rd|location=London|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-180-7|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=L2Sq4S3P5fQC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175431/https://books.google.com/books?id=L2Sq4S3P5fQC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Butera|first=Saul|date=2010-01-09|title=MTN Rwanda deploys new Internet technology|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14135&a=24621|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107065826/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14135&a=24621|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=Butera|first=Saul|date=2011-03-17|title=Mobile subscribers rise 51%|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14567&a=39259|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref={{sfnRef|Butera|March 2011}}|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107071623/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14567&a=39259|dead-url=yes}}
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* {{cite web |author=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (IV) |year=2012 |work=The World Factbook |title=Rank Order&nbsp;– Population |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html?countryName=Rwanda&countryCode=rw&regionCode=af&rank=73#rw |accessdate=2012-04-02 |ref={{sfnRef|CIA (IV)|2012}} |archive-date=2012-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515065609/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html?countryName=Rwanda&countryCode=rw&regionCode=af&rank=73#rw |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Chrétien|first=Jean-Pierre|year=2003|title=The Great Lakes of Africa: Two Thousand Years of History|location=Cambridge, Mass.|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-1-890951-34-4|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ezo5PQAACAAJ|ref=harv}}
* {{cite news|last=Clark|first=Phil|date=2010-08-05|title=Rwanda: Kagame's power struggle|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2010/aug/05/rwanda-kagames-power-struggle|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=London|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128130939/http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2010/aug/05/rwanda-kagames-power-struggle|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Coleman|first=Isobel|date=2010-04-07|title=Rwanda: Road to Recovery|newspaper=[[The Huffington Post]]|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/isobel-coleman/rwanda-road-to-recovery_b_529366.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102190846/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/isobel-coleman/rwanda-road-to-recovery_b_529366.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Commission Juridique Et Constitutionnelle Du Rwanda (CJCR) |date=2003-05-26 |title=Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda |url=http://www.cjcr.gov.rw/eng/constitution_eng.doc |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325021301/http://www.cjcr.gov.rw/eng/constitution_eng.doc |archivedate=2009-03-25 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|CJCR|2003}} |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book|last=Dallaire|first=Roméo|year=2005|title=Shake Hands With The Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda|location=London|publisher=Arrow|isbn=978-0-09-947893-5|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ja2hQgAACAAJ|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117234824/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ja2hQgAACAAJ&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Delawala|first=Imtiyaz|date=2001-09-07|title=What Is Coltan?|work=ABC News: Nightline|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/story?id=128631&page=1|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008174825/http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/story?id=128631&page=1|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Department of State (I) |year=2004 |title=Background Note: Rwanda |work=Background Notes |authorlink=United States Department of State |url=http://www.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/rwanda/40249.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|Department of State (I)|2004}} |archive-date=2014-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114124207/http://www.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/rwanda/40249.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Department of State (II) |year=2007 |title=Rwanda |work=International Religious Freedom Report 2007 |url=http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90115.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|Department of State (II)|2007}} |archive-date=2012-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120102047/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90115.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Department of State (III) |year=2012 |title=Background Note: Rwanda |work=Background Notes |url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2861.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|Department of State (III)|2012}} |archive-date=2014-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412174137/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2861.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration, Republic of Rwanda |title=General Information |url=http://migration.gov.rw/IMG/pdf/General_Information.pdf |accessdate=2012-03-07 |ref={{sfnRef|Directorate General of Immigration and Emigration}} |archive-date=2011-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003095559/http://www.migration.gov.rw/IMG/pdf/General_Information.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Dorsey|first=Learthen|year=1994|title=Historical Dictionary of Rwanda|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000dors|location=Metuchen, N.J.|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-2820-9|ref=harv}}
* {{cite web |author=Embassy of Rwanda in Japan |title=Akagera National Park |url=http://japan.embassy.gov.rw/content/view/92/65/ |accessdate=2012-02-29 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603061218/http://japan.embassy.gov.rw/content/view/92/65 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Embassy of Rwanda in Sudan |title=Sudan and Rwanda public holidays |url=http://sudan.embassy.gov.rw/content/view/42/97/ |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313155356/http://sudan.embassy.gov.rw/content/view/42/97/ |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Encyclopædia Britannica |year=2010 |title=Rwanda |authorlink=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/514402/Rwanda |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2015-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430202739/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/514402/Rwanda |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite news|last=Fletcher|first=Pascal|date=2009-11-30|title=Rwanda accepted into Commonwealth only 15 years after genocide|newspaper=[[The Scotsman]]|url=http://news.scotsman.com/latestnews/Rwanda-accepted-into-Commonwealth-only.5868214.jp|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=Edinburgh|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511104534/http://news.scotsman.com/latestnews/Rwanda-accepted-into-Commonwealth-only.5868214.jp|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] / [[World Food Programme]] (FAO / WFP) |date=1997-07-01 |title=Special Report: FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to Rwanda |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/w5836e/w5836e00.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|FAO / WFP|1997}} |archive-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002010045/http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/w5836e/w5836e00.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Francophonie |title=Welcome to the International Organisation of La Francophonie's official website |authorlink=La Francophonie |url=http://www.francophonie.org/English.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2010-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104120600/http://www.francophonie.org/English.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Freedom House |year=2011 |title=Freedom in the World: Rwanda |authorlink=Freedom House |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/rwanda |accessdate=2012-03-15 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320185936/http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/rwanda |dead-url=yes }}
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* {{cite web |author=Global Nature Fund |title=Lake Ihema |authorlink=Global Nature Fund |url=http://www.globalnature.org/30036/LIVING-LAKES/National-Networks/Network-East-Africa/Ihema/02_vorlage.asp |accessdate=2012-02-29 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107053244/http://www.globalnature.org/30036/LIVING-LAKES/National-Networks/Network-East-Africa/Ihema/02_vorlage.asp |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Gourevitch|first=Philip|year=2000|title=We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families|edition=Reprint|location=London; New York, N.Y.|publisher=Picador|isbn=978-0-330-37120-9|url=http://books.google.com/?id=8OiMfpTiApQC|ref=harv}}
* {{cite news|last=Grainger|first=Sarah|date=2007-06-18|title=East Africa trade bloc expanded|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6762615.stm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601130230/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6762615.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Henley|first=Jon|date=2007-10-31|title=Scar tissue|newspaper=The Guardian|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/oct/31/rwanda.theatre|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=London|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505064129/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/oct/31/rwanda.theatre|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Heuler|first=Hilary|date=2011-12-12|title=Uganda, Rwanda Move to Mend Troubled Relations|newspaper=Voice of America News|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/news/africa/Uganda-and-Rwanda-Move-to-Mend-Troubled-Relations-135437603.html|accessdate=2012-03-26|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211031714/http://www.voanews.com/english/news/africa/Uganda-and-Rwanda-Move-to-Mend-Troubled-Relations-135437603.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite book|author1=[[Human Rights Watch|Human Rights Watch (HRW)]]|author2=Wells, Sarah|year=2008|title=Law and reality: progress in judicial reform in Rwanda|isbn=978-1-56432-366-8|url=http://www.hrw.org/node/62098|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref={{sfnRef|HRW|Wells|2008}}|archive-date=2014-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724084136/http://www.hrw.org/node/62098|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|author=Human Rights Watch (HRW)|date=2010-08-02|title=Rwanda: Silencing Dissent Ahead of Elections|url=http://www.hrw.org/news/2010/08/02/rwanda-attacks-freedom-expression-freedom-association-and-freedom-assembly-run-presi|accessdate=2012-02-28|ref={{sfnRef|HRW|2010}}|archive-date=2014-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025212945/http://www.hrw.org/news/2010/08/02/rwanda-attacks-freedom-expression-freedom-association-and-freedom-assembly-run-presi|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=International Development Association (IDA) |title=Rwanda: Bringing Clean Water to Rural Communities |authorlink=International Development Association |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/IDA/0,,contentMDK:21256336~menuPK:3266877~pagePK:51236175~piPK:437394~theSitePK:73154,00.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|IDA|2009}} |archive-date=2010-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711002322/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/IDA/0,,contentMDK:21256336~menuPK:3266877~pagePK:51236175~piPK:437394~theSitePK:73154,00.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund (IMF) (I) |year=2011 |title=Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP, Rwanda, 1994 |work=World Economic Outlook Database |authorlink=IMF |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=63&pr.y=14&sy=1994&ey=1994&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=714&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a= |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|IMF (I)}} |archive-date=2012-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019122042/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=63&pr.y=14&sy=1994&ey=1994&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=714&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a= |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund (IMF) (II) |year=2011 |title=Rwanda |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=59&pr.y=17&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=714&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |accessdate=2012-04-20 |ref={{sfnRef|IMF (II)}} |archive-date=2013-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406004211/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=59&pr.y=17&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=714&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |year=2011 |title=IUCN welcomes Rwanda as new State Member |authorlink=IUCN |url=http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/?7308/IUCN%2FIUCN-welcomes-Rwanda-as-new-State-Member |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|IUCN|2011}} |archive-date=2012-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319150918/http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/?7308%2FIUCN-welcomes-Rwanda-as-new-State-Member |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite journal |last=Jefremovas |first=Villia |year=1995 |title=Acts of Human Kindness: Tutsi, Hutu and the Genocide |journal=Issue: A Journal of Opinion |issn=0047-1607 |volume=23 |issue=2 | pages = 28–31 | jstor = 1166503 | ref = harv |doi=10.2307/1166503 }}
* {{cite book|last=Jørgensen|first=Sven Erik|year=2005|title=Lake and reservoir management|location=Amsterdam|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-444-51678-7|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pcJoaA85A48C|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175422/https://books.google.com/books?id=pcJoaA85A48C&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Kigali City |title=Kigali at a glance |authorlink=Kigali |url=http://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/spip.php?article2 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228100441/http://www.kigalicity.gov.rw/spip.php?article2 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Kigali Health Institute (KHI) |date=2012-03-22 |title=About KHI |url=http://www.khi.ac.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84&Itemid=27 |accessdate=2012-04-26 |ref={{sfnRef|KHI|2012}} |archive-date=2012-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120826111430/http://www.khi.ac.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84&Itemid=27 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=King|first=David C.|year=2007|title=Rwanda (Cultures of the World)|location=New York, N.Y.|publisher=Benchmark Books|isbn=978-0-7614-2333-1|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=1yLx1zSuh_QC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175437/https://books.google.com/books?id=1yLx1zSuh_QC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Lacey|first=Marc|date=2003-08-26|title=Rwandan President Declares Election Victory|newspaper=[[New York Times]]|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/26/world/rwandan-president-declares-election-victory.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111064327/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/26/world/rwandan-president-declares-election-victory.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Lavelle|first=John|date=2008-07-05|title=Resurrecting the East African Shilling|newspaper=East African Business Week|work=allAfrica.com|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200807071183.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007163057/http://allafrica.com/stories/200807071183.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Majyambere|first=Gertrude|date=2010-05-14|title=Rwandatel's Landline Telephony Increases By 7 Percent|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14260&a=29114|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107055916/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14260&a=29114|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite book|last=Mamdani|first=Mahmood|authorlink=Mahmood Mamdani|year=2002|title=When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda|location=Princeton, N.J.|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-10280-1|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QUEamxb89JcC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117234808/https://books.google.com/books?id=QUEamxb89JcC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Mbabazi|first=Linda|date=2008-05-11|title=Hip Hop Dominating Music Industry|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/views/article_print.php?14178&a=6255&icon=Print|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2014-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222140135/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/views/article_print.php?14178&a=6255&icon=Print|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=McGreal|first=Chris|date=2009-01-16|title=Why Rwanda said adieu to French|newspaper=The Guardian|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2009/jan/16/rwanda-english-genocide|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=London|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205233346/http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2009/jan/16/rwanda-english-genocide|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=McNeil|first=Donald G.|date=2010-06-14|title=In Desperately Poor Rwanda, Most Have Health Insurance|newspaper=The New York Times|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/15/health/policy/15rwanda.html?_r=1|accessdate=2012-04-26|location=New York, N.Y.|ref=harv|archive-date=2010-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805053222/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/15/health/policy/15rwanda.html?_r=1|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Media High Council, Republic of Rwanda |title=Constitution of June 2003 |url=http://www.mhc.gov.rw/services/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-rwanda-of-june-2003.html |accessdate=2012-02-29 |ref={{sfnRef|Media High Council}} |archive-date=2012-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615053421/http://www.mhc.gov.rw/services/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-rwanda-of-june-2003.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |last1=Mehta |first1=Hitesh |last2=Katee |first2=Christine |year=2005 |title=Virunga Massif Sustainable Tourism Development Plan |publisher=[[International Gorilla Conservation Programme]] (IGCP) |url=http://www.igcp.org/wp-content/themes/igcp/docs/pdf/VirungaTourismMasterPlan_%20Final%20Report.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304055030/http://www.igcp.org/wp-content/themes/igcp/docs/pdf/VirungaTourismMasterPlan_%20Final%20Report.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Melvern|first=Linda|year=2004|title=Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwandan Genocide|edition=Revised|location=London; New York, N.Y.|publisher=Verso Books|isbn=978-1-85984-588-2|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3NXIHf0t3aMC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175437/https://books.google.com/books?id=3NXIHf0t3aMC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Milmo|first=Cahal|date=2006-03-29|title=Flashback to terror: Survivors of Rwandan genocide watch screening of Shooting Dogs|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/flashback-to-terror-survivors-of-rwandan-genocide-watch-screening-of-shooting-dogs-471825.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=London|ref=harv|archive-date=2014-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226214258/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/flashback-to-terror-survivors-of-rwandan-genocide-watch-screening-of-shooting-dogs-471825.html|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Agriculture (MINAGRI), Republic of Rwanda |date=2006-06-10 |title=Livestock production |authorlink=Ministry of Agriculture (Rwanda) |url=http://www.minagri.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=156%3Alivestock&Itemid=48&lang=en |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MINAGRI2006}} |archive-date=2012-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513150307/http://www.minagri.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=156%3Alivestock&Itemid=48&lang=en |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Education (MINEDUC), Republic of Rwanda |date=2010-07-13 |title=Achievements (2003–2010) |authorlink=Ministry of Education (Rwanda) |url=http://www.mineduc.gov.rw/IMG/article_PDF/article_a27.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MINEDUC|2010}} |archive-date=2012-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311165948/http://www.mineduc.gov.rw/IMG/article_PDF/article_a27.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN), Republic of Rwanda |year=2002 |month=June |title=Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper |url=http://www.imf.org/external/np/prsp/2002/rwa/01/ |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MINECOFIN|2002}} |archive-date=2012-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019075350/http://www.imf.org/external/np/prsp/2002/rwa/01/ |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), Republic of Rwanda |year=2009 |month=July |title=Electricity |authorlink=Ministry of Infrastructure (Rwanda) |url=http://mininfra.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=103&Itemid=319 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MININFRA|2009}} |archive-date=2012-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514082607/http://mininfra.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=103&Itemid=319 |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Local Government (MINALOC), Republic of Rwanda |year=2004 |title=Administrative Units |authorlink=Ministry of Local Government (Rwanda) |url=http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/index.php?id=450 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MINALOC|2004}} |archive-date=2013-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022061048/http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/index.php?id=450 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Ministry of Local Government (MINALOC), Republic of Rwanda |year=2007 |month=August |title=Rwanda Decentralization Strategic Framework |url=http://www.minaloc.gov.rw/IMG/pdf_RDSF-10.08.07-final_for_publishing.pdf |archiveurl=http://www.minecofin.gov.rw/webfm_send/2014 |archivedate=2007-08-31 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|MINALOC|2007}} }}
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* {{cite news|last=Namata|first=Berna|date=2008-12-28|title=Rwanda to restock water bodies with fisheries|publisher=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/views/article_print.php?13758&a=1108&week=45|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107061636/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/views/article_print.php?13758&a=1108&week=45|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=Namata|first=Berna|date=2010-08-03|title=Franc Weakens Against the U.S. Dollar|publisher=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14104&a=32055|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107074252/http://newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14104&a=32055|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=Nantaba|first=Eriosi|date=2010-10-18|title=Rwanda services sector boosts GDP|newspaper=East African Business Week|work=allAfrica.com|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201010181360.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019130336/http://allafrica.com/stories/201010181360.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=National Census Service |year=2003 |month=February |title=The General Census of Population and Housing, Rwanda |url=http://www.grandslacs.net/doc/2816.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416192154/http://www.grandslacs.net/doc/2816.pdf |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=National Commission for the Fight against Genocide, Republic of Rwanda |date=2008-10-15 |title=Law No 18/2008 Of 23/07/2008 Relating to the Punishment of the Crime of Genocide Ideology |url=http://www.cnlg.gov.rw/sites/cnlg.gov.rw/files/genocide_laws/Law%20relating%20to%20the%20punishment%20of%20the%20crime%20of%20genocide%20ideology.doc |accessdate=2012-03-26 |ref={{sfnRef|National Commission for the Fight against Genocide|2008}} |archive-date=2013-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108175534/http://www.cnlg.gov.rw/sites/cnlg.gov.rw/files/genocide_laws/Law%20relating%20to%20the%20punishment%20of%20the%20crime%20of%20genocide%20ideology.doc |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda |year=2012 |month=February |title=The third Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV 3)&nbsp;– Main indicators Report |url=http://www.statistics.gov.rw/publications/third-integrated-household-living-conditions-survey-eicv-3-main-indicators-report |accessdate=2012-03-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113204052/http://www.statistics.gov.rw/publications/third-integrated-household-living-conditions-survey-eicv-3-main-indicators-report |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |last1=Nielsen |first1=Hannah |last2=Spenceley |first2=Anna |year=2010 |month=April |title=The success of tourism in Rwanda&nbsp;– Gorillas and more |work=African Success Stories Study |publisher=[[World Bank]] & [[SNV Netherlands Development Organisation]] |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/AFRICAEXT/Resources/258643-1271798012256/Tourism_Rwanda.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320185656/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/AFRICAEXT/Resources/258643-1271798012256/Tourism_Rwanda.pdf |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Nile Basin Initiative |year=2010 |title=Nile Basin Countries |authorlink=Nile Basin Initiative |url=http://www.nilebasin.org/newsite/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48%3Anbi-country-profiles&catid=35%3Anbi-country-profiles&Itemid=67&lang=en |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314045831/http://www.nilebasin.org/newsite/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48%3Anbi-country-profiles&catid=35%3Anbi-country-profiles&Itemid=67&lang=en |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite news|last=Ntambara|first=Paul|date=2009-12-09|title=Minister Irked By Big Number of Grass-Thatched Houses|newspaper=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]|url=http://newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14104&a=24347|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2014-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202112037/http://newtimes.co.rw/news/index.php?i=14104&a=24347|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite journal |last=Nzabuheraheza |first=François Dominicus |year=2005 |title=Milk Production and Hygiene in Rwanda |journal=African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development (AJFAND) |issn=1684-5374 |volume=5 |issue=2 |url=http://www.ajfand.net/Volume5/No2/commentaryDominicus.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303175423/http://www.ajfand.net/Volume5/No2/commentaryDominicus.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Office of the Ombudsman, Republic of Rwanda |title=Office of the Ombudsman |url=http://www.ombudsman.gov.rw/ |accessdate=2012-03-14 |ref={{sfnRef|Office of the Ombudsman}} |archive-date=2014-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326102803/http://www.ombudsman.gov.rw/ |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite news|last=Onyango|first=Emma|date=2012-02-13|title=Airtel to launch in Rwanda|newspaper=East African Business Week|url=http://www.busiweek.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2383:airtel-to-launch-in-rwanda&catid=104:uganda&Itemid=1364|accessdate=2012-03-07|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324104209/http://www.busiweek.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2383:airtel-to-launch-in-rwanda&catid=104:uganda&Itemid=1364|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Organization of African Unity (OAU) |year=2000 |title=Rwanda&nbsp;– The preventable genocide |authorlink=Organization of African Unity |work=The Report of International Panel of Eminent Personalities to Investigate the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda and Surrounding Events |url=http://www.aegistrust.org/images/stories/oaureport.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|OAU|2000}} |archive-date=2015-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908042110/http://www.aegistrust.org/images/stories/oaureport.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Percival |first1=Valerie |last2=Homer-Dixon |first2=Thomas |year=1995 |title=Environmental Scarcity and Violent Conflict, The Case of Rwanda |journal=Occasional Paper: Project on Environment, Population and Security |publisher=[[University of Toronto]] |url=http://www.library.utoronto.ca/pcs/eps/rwanda/rwanda1.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222154937/http://www.library.utoronto.ca/pcs/eps/rwanda/rwanda1.htm |dead-url=yes }}
Baris 262:
* {{cite web |author=Reporters Without Borders |date=2010-04-14 |title=Two leading independent weeklies suspended for six months |authorlink=Reporters Without Borders |url=http://en.rsf.org/rwanda-two-leading-independent-weeklies-14-04-2010,37015.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624234654/http://en.rsf.org/rwanda-two-leading-independent-weeklies-14-04-2010%2C37015.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite news|author=Reuters|date=2011-03-16|title=Rwanda completes $95 mln fibre optic network|authorlink=Reuters|url=http://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE72F07D20110316|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918134732/http://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE72F07D20110316|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news|last=Richards|first=Charles|date=1994-07-24|title=Rwanda: Question Time: How could it happen?: Rebellion, slaughter, exodus, cholera: the catastrophe in Rwanda is beyond our worst imaginings. Who is to blame? Who are the Hutus and Tutsis? Can peace ever be restored? Some answers&nbsp;...|newspaper=The Independent|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/rwanda-question-time-how-could-it-happen-rebellion-slaughter-exodus-cholera-the-catastrophe-in-rwanda-is-beyond-our-worst-imaginings-who-is-to-blame-who-are-the-hutus-and-tutsis-can-peace-ever-be-restored-some-answers-1415794.html|accessdate=2012-02-16|location=London|ref=harv|archive-date=2015-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925195032/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/rwanda-question-time-how-could-it-happen-rebellion-slaughter-exodus-cholera-the-catastrophe-in-rwanda-is-beyond-our-worst-imaginings-who-is-to-blame-who-are-the-hutus-and-tutsis-can-peace-ever-be-restored-some-answers-1415794.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |last=Roth |first=Kenneth |date=2009-04-11 |title=The power of horror in Rwanda |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |url=http://www.hrw.org/news/2009/04/11/power-horror-rwanda |accessdate=2012-03-26 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320191137/http://www.hrw.org/news/2009/04/11/power-horror-rwanda |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) |title=Ingoma |authorlink=Royal Museum for Central Africa |url=http://music.africamuseum.be/instruments/english/rwanda/ingoma.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|RMCA}} |archive-date=2013-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512191221/http://music.africamuseum.be/instruments/english/rwanda/ingoma.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (I) |date=2009-01-06 |title=Tourism and Conservation Performance in 2008 |url=http://www.rwandatourism.com/tourism_performance_2008.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|RDB (I)|2009}} |archive-date=2012-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511233622/http://www.rwandatourism.com/tourism_performance_2008.htm |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (II) |date=2010-05-07 |title=World Environment Day & Kwita Izina |url=http://www.rwandatourism.com/test/contentdetail.php?tbl=press&serial=6&PHPSESSID=f991fb81d778f37460c75c17dcf18eb7 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|RDB (II)|2010}} |archive-date=2012-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112140142/http://www.rwandatourism.com/test/contentdetail.php?tbl=press&serial=6&PHPSESSID=f991fb81d778f37460c75c17dcf18eb7 |dead-url=yes }}
Baris 270:
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (IV) |title=National Parks |url=http://www.rwandatourism.com/parks.htm |accessdate=2012-03-01 |ref={{sfnRef|RDB (IV)}} |archive-date=2012-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511234019/http://www.rwandatourism.com/parks.htm |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Development Gateway |title=National Ballet&nbsp;– Urukerereza |url=http://www.rwandagateway.org/spip.php?article211 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314152054/http://www.rwandagateway.org/spip.php?article211 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) (Chapter 2) |year=2009 |title=Chap II. Population, Health and human settlements |work=Rwanda State of Environment and Outlook Report |url=http://www.rema.gov.rw/soe/chap2.php |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|REMA (Chapter 2)|2009}} |archive-date=2013-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911104316/http://www.rema.gov.rw/soe/chap2.php |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) (Chapter 5) |year=2009 |title=Chap V. Biodiversity and Genetic Resources |work=Rwanda State of Environment and Outlook Report |url=http://www.rema.gov.rw/soe/chap5.php |accessdate=2012-03-17 |ref={{sfnRef|REMA (Chapter 5)|2009}} |archive-date=2013-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911104855/http://www.rema.gov.rw/soe/chap5.php |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=RwandAir |title=Flights Schedule |url=http://www.rwandair.com/plan-your-flight/schedule-map.html |accessdate=2012-03-02 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008103542/http://www.rwandair.com/plan-your-flight/schedule-map.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Samuelson |first1=Beth Lewis |last2=Freedman |first2=Sarah Warshauer |year=2010 |title=Language policy, multilingual education, and power in Rwanda |journal=Language Policy |issn=1568-4555 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=191–215 |url=http://gse.berkeley.edu/faculty/swfreedman/10samuelson_freedman.pdf |ref=harv |doi=10.1007/s10993-010-9170-7 |access-date=2012-10-30 |archive-date=2013-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207201706/http://gse.berkeley.edu/faculty/swfreedman/10samuelson_freedman.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |last=Shyaka |first=Anastase |title=The Rwandan Conflict: Origin, Development, Exit Strategies |publisher=National Unity and Reconciliation Commission, Republic of Rwanda |url=http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4746/3833.pdf?sequence=1 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2019-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503190158/https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4746/3833.pdf?sequence=1 |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Southern Province |title=Governor |authorlink=Southern Province, Rwanda |url=http://www.southernprovince.gov.rw/spip.php?article88 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605143227/http://www.southernprovince.gov.rw/spip.php?article88 |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Streissguth|first=Thomas|year=2007|title=Rwanda in Pictures|location=Minneapolis, Minn.|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=978-0-8225-8570-1|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Rfjw_5JL0DsC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175435/https://books.google.com/books?id=Rfjw_5JL0DsC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Transit Transport Coordination Authority of the Northern Corridor (TTCA) |date=2004–06 |title=Investment Opportunities in the Northern Corridor with emphasis in Transport Infrastructure |publisher=[[OECD]] |url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/22/36/34879173.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|TTCA|2004}} |archive-date=2012-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728094558/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/22/36/34879173.pdf |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Transparency International |year=2010 |title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2010 Results |authorlink=Transparency International |url=http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226144223/https://www.transparency.org/ |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations (I) |authorlink=United Nations |title=United Nations Member States |url=http://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412154940/http://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations (II) |authorlink=United Nations |title=International Trusteeship System |url=http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/its.shtml |accessdate=2012-02-28 |ref=harv |archive-date=2014-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412173643/http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/its.shtml |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations (III) |authorlink=United Nations |title=Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories (1945–1999) |url=http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgov.shtml |accessdate=2012-02-28 |ref=harv |archive-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326220728/https://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgov.shtml |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite news|author=United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)|date=2008-09-22|title=Rwandan Women Secure 56% of Parliamentary Seats in Historic Election Result|authorlink=United Nations Development Fund for Women|url=http://www.unifem.org/news_events/story_detail.php?StoryID=736|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref={{sfnRef|UNIFEM|2008}}|archive-date=2012-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210065023/http://www.unifem.org/news_events/story_detail.php?StoryID=736|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (I) |year=2007 |title=Assessment of Development Results: Rwanda |at=2 |authorlink=UNDP |url=http://www.undp.org/evaluation/documents/ADR/ADR_Reports/Rwanda/ch2-ADR_Rwanda.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|UNDP (I)|2007}} |archive-date=2012-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112191649/http://www.undp.org/evaluation/documents/ADR/ADR_Reports/Rwanda/ch2-ADR_Rwanda.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (II) |year=2011 |title=Human Development Index Trends, 1980–2011 |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table2.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|UNDP (II)|2011}} |archive-date=2013-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102125928/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table2.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (III) |year=2010 |title=Human Development Index Trends, 1980–2010 |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table2.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-29 |ref={{sfnRef|UNDP (III)|2010}} |archive-date=2012-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401190207/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table2.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=United Nations Statistics Division |title=Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) |work=UN Data |url=http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=SOWC&f=inID%3a17%3bcrID%3a118%3btimeID%3a10%2c20&c=1,2,3,4,5,6&s=crEngName:asc,sgvEngName:asc,timeEngName:desc&v=1 |accessdate=2012-03-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524130719/http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=SOWC&f=inID%3a17%3bcrID%3a118%3btimeID%3a10%2c20&c=1,2,3,4,5,6&s=crEngName:asc,sgvEngName:asc,timeEngName:desc&v=1 |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=United States Agency for International Development (USAID) |year=2008 |title=Rwanda: Water and Sanitation Profile |authorlink=USAID |url=http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADO938.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|USAID|2008}} |archive-date=2013-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029123859/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADO938.pdf |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=Université Laval |year=2010 |title=Rwanda: Aménagement linguistique dans le monde |language=French |url=http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/AXL/afrique/rwanda.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329111806/http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/rwanda.htm |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) |date=2008-03-25 |title=Batwa |authorlink=UNPO |url=http://www.unpo.org/members/7861 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|UNPO|2008}} |archive-date=2014-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402134444/http://unpo.org/members/7861 |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite news|author=USA Today|date=2008-10-29|title=Congolese army claims attack by Rwandan troops|authorlink=USA Today|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-10-29-congo-fighting_N.htm|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref=harv|archive-date=2011-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513034748/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-10-29-congo-fighting_N.htm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Walker|first=Robert|date=2004-03-30|title=Rwanda still searching for justice|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3557753.stm|work=BBC News|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref={{sfnRef|Walker|March 2004}}|archive-date=2007-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070826050047/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3557753.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite news|last=Walker|first=Robert|date=2004-04-01|title=Rwanda's religious reflections|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3561365.stm|work=BBC News|accessdate=2012-02-16|ref={{sfnRef|Walker|April 2004}}|archive-date=2013-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601123402/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3561365.stm|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) |title=Birds endemic to the Albertine Rift |work=Albertine Rift Programme |authorlink=Wildlife Conservation Society |url=http://www.albertinerift.org/portals/49/media/file/endemicbirds.PDF |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|WCS}} |archive-date=2013-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624212609/http://www.albertinerift.org/portals/49/media/file/endemicbirds.PDF |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book|last1=Wiredu|first1=Kwasi|last2=Abraham|first2=William E.|last3=Irele|first3=Abiola|last4=Menkiti|first4=Ifeanyi|year=2006|title=A companion to African philosophy|location=Malden, Mass.|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4051-4567-1|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0HIbKtzjcQYC|ref=harv|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2023-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216175429/https://books.google.com/books?id=0HIbKtzjcQYC&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite web |author=World Bank (I) |title=Rwanda |work=Data |authorlink=World Bank |url=http://data.worldbank.org/country/rwanda |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403142412/http://data.worldbank.org/country/rwanda |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=World Bank (II) |title=Internet users (per 100 people) |work=Data |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2?cid=GPD_44 |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120061540/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2?cid=GPD_44 |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=World Bank (III) |title=School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) |work=Data |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2013-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030063050/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book|author=World Health Organisation (WHO)|year=2009|title=WHO Country Cooperation Strategy, 2009–2013: Rwanda|isbn=978-92-9031-135-5|authorlink=World Health Organisation|url=http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccs_rwa_en.pdf|ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2009}}|access-date=2012-10-30|archive-date=2014-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320185437/http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccs_rwa_en.pdf|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite journal |author=World Health Organisation (WHO) |year=2008 |title=Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |issn=0042-9686 |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=817–908 |url=http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2008}} |access-date=2012-10-30 |archive-date=2013-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025225716/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=World Resources Institute (WRI) |year=2006 |title=Agriculture and Food: Country profile&nbsp;– Rwanda |work=EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal |authorlink=World Resources Institute |url=http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|WRI|2006}} |archive-date=2012-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402134313/http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/agriculture-food/country-profile-153.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=World Resources Report |year=2011 |title=Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration |url=http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref=harv |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |author=World Trade Organization (WTO) |date=2004-09-30 |title=Continued reforms and technical assistance should help Rwanda in its efforts to achieve a dynamic economy |work=Trade policy review: Rwanda |authorlink=World Trade Organization |url=http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|WTO|2004}} |archive-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002011128/http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp236_e.htm |dead-url=no }}
* {{cite web |author=World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) |year=2001 |title=Terrestrial Ecoregions: Albertine Rift montane forests (AT0101) |authorlink=World Wide Fund for Nature |url=https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |accessdate=2012-02-16 |ref={{sfnRef|WWF|2001}} |archive-date=2004-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041222014550/https://secure.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/at/at0101_full.html |dead-url=yes }}
{{refend}}
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