Salman dari Arab Saudi: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Expand language|langcode=en|otherarticle=Salman of Saudi Arabia|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox orang}}
'''Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud''' ({{lang-ar|سلمان بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود}}, ''{{transl|ar|Salmān bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ʾĀl Saʿūd}}'' {{IPA-ar|salˈmaːn bin ʕabdulʕaˈziːz ʔaːl saˈʕuːd|}}; {{lahirmati|[[Riyadh]], [[Arab Saudi]]|31|12|1935}}) adalah [[Raja Arab Saudi|Raja]] [[Arab Saudi]] ketujuh, [[Penjaga Dua Kota Suci]], dan pemimpin [[Wangsa Saud]] saat ini.
Ia menjabat sebagai [[Wakil Gubernur]] dan kemudian menjadi [[Gubernur]] [[Riyadh]] selama 48 tahun dari tahun [[1963]] sampai [[2011]]. Dia diangkat sebagai Menteri Pertahanan pada tahun [[2011]]. Ia juga terpilih sebagai [[Putra mahkota|Putra Mahkota]] pada tahun [[2012]] setelah [[kematian]] saudaranya [[Nayef bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud]]. Salman diangkat sebagai [[Raja Arab Saudi]] pada [[23 Januari]] [[2015]] setelah [[kematian]] saudara tirinya, [[
== Riwayat hidup ==
Baris 36 ⟶ 37:
== Penghargaan ==
=== Doktor Kehormatan ===
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari [[Universitas Umm Al-Qura]], Arab Saudi (2008)<ref name="salman">{{Cite web |url=http://rslf.gov.sa/english/AlBarriyaMagazine/MediaFile/Pages/ar1.aspx |title=The Veteran Leader, Salman Bin Abdul Aziz |access-date=2014-11-02 |archive-date=2016-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160330210354/https://rslf.gov.sa/english/albarriyamagazine/mediafile/pages/ar1.aspx |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari Jamia Millia Islamia, India (2010)<ref>
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari [[Universitas Islam Madinah]], Arab Saudi (2011)<ref name="salman"/>
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari Institut Sains dan Teknologi Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina (2013)<ref>
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari [[Universitas Waseda]], Jepang (2014)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid=20140222196525 |title=Waseda Univ. honors Salman with doctorate |access-date=2014-11-02 |archive-date=2014-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104175736/http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid=20140222196525 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' bidang Sejarah dan Peradaban dari Universitas Raja Saud, Riyadh, Arab Saudi (2016)
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari Universitas Kairo, Kairo, Mesir (2016)
Baris 49 ⟶ 50:
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari Universitas Beijing, Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (2017)
* Doktor ''Honoris Causa'' dari Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), Rusia (2017)<ref>[http://www.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=ar&newsid=1674801 عام / خادم الحرمين الشريفين يتسلم شهادة الدكتوراه الفخرية من جامعة موسكو الحكومية للعلاقات الدولية]</ref>
=== Tanda Kehormatan ===
* {{flagu|Bahrain}} :
**[[File:Order of Sheikh Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifa.gif|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa|Order of Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gdnonline.com/Details/148451/In-Pictures-Saudi-King-Salman-begins-official-visit-to-Bahrain/168470|title=Saudi King Salman begins official visit to Bahrain|work=GDN Online|date=8 December 2016|access-date=21 February 2022|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515232132/https://www.gdnonline.com/Details/148451/In-Pictures-Saudi-King-Salman-begins-official-visit-to-Bahrain/168470|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Brunei}} :
**[[File:BRU Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei.svg|70px]] [[Darjah Kerabat Mahkota Brunei]] (DKMB) (2017)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn/Lists/Berita/NewDisplayForm.aspx?ID=807 |title=Berkenan menerima kunjungan muhibah Kebawah DYMM Raja Salman bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=4 March 2017 |website=[[Pelita Brunei]] |language=ms |access-date=23 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204015226/http://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn/Lists/Berita/NewDisplayForm.aspx?ID=807 |archive-date=4 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Djibouti}} :
**[[File:Order of the Grand Star of Djibouti - ribbon bar.gif|70px]] Grand Cordon of the Order of National Star of Djibouti (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/822111|title=King Salman holds talks with Djibouti leader|work=Arab News|date=18 October 2015|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=29 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151229075641/http://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/822111|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Mesir}} :
**[[File:EGY Order of the Nile - Grand Cordon BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Nile|Order of the Nile]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsAFCON/2017/199078.aspx|title=Egypt's Sisi awards Saudi King Salman 'Order of the Nile' honour|work=Ahram Online|first=Mostafa|last=Ali|date=8 April 2016|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224142911/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsAFCON/2017/199078.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Guinea}} :
**[[File:National Order of Merit - Grand Cross (Guinea).png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:National Order of Merit (Guinea)|National Order of Merit]] (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/898451|title=Top Guinea medal for King|work=Arab News|date=21 March 2016|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225073004/https://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/898451|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Indonesia}} :
**[[File:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna rib.svg|70px]] [[Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.astroawani.com/world-news/saudi-king-salman-increases-indonesias-haj-quota-134249|title=Saudi King Salman increases Indonesia's haj quota|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807014924/http://english.astroawani.com/world-news/saudi-king-salman-increases-indonesias-haj-quota-134249|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Jepang}} :
**[[File:JPN Daikun'i kikkasho BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Chrysanthemum|Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1067571/saudi-arabia|title=King Salman to hold talks with Japanese premier today|work=Arab News|date=13 March 2017|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225145702/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1067571/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Yordania}} :
**[[File:JOR Al-Hussein ibn Ali Order BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali|Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/gulf/2017/03/28/King-Salman-holds-the-highest-award-in-Jordan.html|title=Saudi Arabia's King Salman receives Jordan's highest award|work=Al Arabiya|date=28 March 2017|access-date=21 February 2022|archive-date=24 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924052227/https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/gulf/2017/03/28/King-Salman-holds-the-highest-award-in-Jordan.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Kuwait}} :
**[[File:Order_of_Mubarak_the_Great_(Kuwait)_-_ribbon_bar.gif|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Mubarak the Great|Order of Mubarak the Great]] (2016)<ref name="Saudi Gazette">{{cite web|url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/168929|title=Kuwaiti Crown Prince hosts banquet in honor of King Salman|work=Saudi Gazette|date=10 December 2016|access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225075350/https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/168929|url-status=live}}</ref>
**[[File:Order of Kuwait (Special Class).gif|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Kuwait|Order of Kuwait]] (2016)<ref name="Saudi Gazette"/>
* {{flagu|Malaysia}} :
**[[File:MY Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara (Defender of the Realm) - SMN.svg|70px]] [[Order of the Defender of the Realm#Commander|Panglima Mangku Negara]] (PMN) (1982)<ref name="istiadat.gov.my">{{cite web|url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|title=Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat|access-date=14 December 2021|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719195551/http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp|url-status=dead}}</ref>
**[[File:MY Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara (Crown of the Realm) - DMN.svg|70px]] [[:en:Order of the Crown of the Realm|Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara]] (DMN) (2017)<ref name="istiadat.gov.my"/>
* {{flagu|Mexico}} :
**[[File:MEX Orden del Aguila Azteca 2011 Collar BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Aztec Eagle|Mexican Order of the Aztec Eagle]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/866441|title=Mexico eyes Gulf investment funds|work=Arab News|date=27 January 2016|access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418010355/https://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/866441|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Maroko}} :
**[[File:Ordre de l'Ouissam Alaouite GC ribbon (Maroc).svg|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of Ouissam Alaouite|Order of Ouissam Alaouite]] (1987)<ref name="bilateralchamber.org">{{cite web|url=http://bilateralchamber.org/new-king-saudi-arabia-h-e-king-salman-bin-abdulaziz-al-saud/|title=A New King for Saudi Arabia: H.E. King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310183948/http://bilateralchamber.org/new-king-saudi-arabia-h-e-king-salman-bin-abdulaziz-al-saud/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
**[[File:Decoration without ribbon - en.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Muhammad|Order of Muhammad]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2016/07/191351/saudi-arabias-king-salman-arrives-in-morocco/|title=Saudi Arabia's King Salman Arrives in Morocco|work=Morocco World News|date=15 July 2016|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308182139/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2016/07/191351/saudi-arabias-king-salman-arrives-in-morocco/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Niger}} :
**[[File:National Order - Grand Cross (Niger) - ribbon bar.png|70px]] Grand Cross of the National Order of Niger (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/745281|title= King Salman, Niger president discuss ties|date= 11 May 2015|quote= The visiting president decorated King Salman with the National Merit Medal, the highest medal of his country.|access-date= 15 February 2023|archive-date= 30 March 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190330192228/http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/745281|url-status= live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Pakistan}} :
** [[File:Order of Pakistan.png|70px]] First Class of the [[:en:Nishan-e-Pakistan|Nishan-e-Pakistan]] (NPk) (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1167300/nawaz-sharif-holds-talks-with-saudi-king-salman/|title=Nawaz Sharif holds talks with Saudi King Salman|work=Dawn|first=Mateen|last=Haider|date=4 March 2015|access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516103812/https://www.dawn.com/news/1167300/nawaz-sharif-holds-talks-with-saudi-king-salman|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Oman}}:
** [[File:The_Order_of_Al_Said.gif|70px]] Grand Cordon with Collar of the [[:en:Order of Al-Said|Order of Al-Said]] (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 July 2021|title=Sultan Haitham and King Salman hold talks in NEOM during Saudi Arabia visit|url=https://arab.news/yms88|access-date=11 July 2021|website=Arab News|language=en|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215140830/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1892156/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagu|Palestina}} :
**[[File:Grand Collar of the Order of the State of Palestine ribbon.svg|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:Grand Collar of the State of Palestine|Order of the State of Palestine]] (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zimbio.com/photos/Mahmoud+Abbas/King+Salman+bin+Abdul+Aziz+Al+Saud/Weekly+Bucket+Dec+28+Jan+3/oxwk3TIgdH5|title=Mahmoud Abbas and King Salman bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=19 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919233302/https://www.zimbio.com/photos/Mahmoud+Abbas/King+Salman+bin+Abdul+Aziz+Al+Saud/Weekly+Bucket+Dec+28+Jan+3/oxwk3TIgdH5|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Senegal}} :
**[[File:Order of Merit - Grand Cross (Senegal) - ribbon bar.png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit (1999)<ref name="bilateralchamber.org"/>
**[[File:SEN Order of the Lion - Grand Cross BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:National Order of the Lion|National Order of the Lion]] (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://xalimasn.com/photos-macky-sall-recu-et-decore-par-le-roi-salman-darabie-saoudite/|title=Macky Sall reçu et décoré par le Roi Salman d'Arabie Saoudite|date=April 2015|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516103527/https://www.xalimasn.com/photos-macky-sall-recu-et-decore-par-le-roi-salman-darabie-saoudite/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Sierra Leone}} :
**[[File:Order of Merit for Defence - Knight (Brazil) - ribbon bar.png|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Republic (Sierra Leone)|Order of the Republic]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.albiladdailyeng.com/king-salman-awarded-medal-of-honor/|title=King Salman awarded medal of honor|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515232128/http://www.albiladdailyeng.com/king-salman-awarded-medal-of-honor/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Afrika Selatan}} :
**[[File:Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of Good Hope|Order of Good Hope]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/28032016-saudi-arabias-king-salman-holds-official-talks-with-south-africas-zuma/|title=Saudi Arabia's King Salman Holds Official Talks With South Africa's Zuma|work=Eurasia Review|date=28 March 2016|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516160922/https://www.eurasiareview.com/28032016-saudi-arabias-king-salman-holds-official-talks-with-south-africas-zuma/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Spanyol}} :
**[[File:Order of Civil Merit (Spain) GC.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of Civil Merit|Order of Civil Merit]] (1974)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1974/02/27/pdfs/A04034-04034.pdf|title=Otras disposiciones|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=9 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209204201/https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1974/02/27/pdfs/A04034-04034.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Tunisia}} :
**[[File:Order of the Republic (Tunisia) - ribbon bar.gif|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Republic (Tunisia)|Order of the Republic]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/562285/SAUDI-ARABIA/King-Salman-Tunisian-president-hold-talks-oversee-signing-of-two-deals-confer-medals/|title=King Salman, Tunisian president hold talks, oversee signing of two deals & confer medals|work=Saudi Gazette|date=29 March 2019|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=29 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329163205/http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/562285/SAUDI-ARABIA/King-Salman-Tunisian-president-hold-talks-oversee-signing-of-two-deals-confer-medals/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Turkey}} :
**[[File:Order of the State of Republic of Turkey.png|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the State of Republic of Turkey|Order of the State of Republic of Turkey]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabia-saudita.it/news.php?id=439|title=Colloqui ufficiali tra il Custode delle Due Sacre Moschee e il Presidente Erdogan, nel corso della visita di Stato di Re Salman in Turchia|access-date=18 October 2022|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224143109/http://www.arabia-saudita.it/news.php?id=439|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Yaman}} :
**[[File:Pasador Emblema de la Unidad.svg|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Republic (Yemen)|Order of the Republic]] (2001)<ref name="bilateralchamber.org"/>
* {{flagu|Uni Emirat Arab}} :
**[[File:Ribbon bar of the Order of Zayed.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Zayed|Order of Zayed]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1018961/saudi-arabia|title=King starts Gulf tour with UAE visit|work=Arab News|date=3 December 2016|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225033343/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1018961/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Ukraina}} :
**[[File:Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise 1st 2nd and 3rd Class of Ukraine.png|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise|Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1186921/saudi-arabia|title=Riyadh, Kiev cement relations with President Poroshenko's Saudi visit|work=Arab News|date=2 November 2017|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224235532/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1186921/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Kazakhstan}} :
**[[File:Ord.GoldenEagle-ribbon.gif|70px]] Grand Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Golden Eagle|Order of the Golden Eagle]] (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dknews.kz/en/articles-in-english/245846-president-kassym-jomart-tokayev-awards-king-of-saudi|title=President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev awards King of Saudi Arabia Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud with the Order of Altyn Kyran|website=dknews.kz|date=2022-07-24|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130202737/https://dknews.kz/en/articles-in-english/245846-president-kassym-jomart-tokayev-awards-king-of-saudi|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Karier politik ==
Baris 56 ⟶ 114:
* 2011-2012: Menteri Pertahanan Kerajaan Arab Saudi
* 2012-2015: Putra Mahkota Kerajaan Arab Saudi
* 2015-Sekarang: Raja Kerajaan Arab Saudi
== Kehidupan pribadi ==
Raja Salman memiliki total 3 orang istri.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://jateng.tribunnews.com/2017/03/01/inilah-3-istri-raja-salman-yang-memberikan-13-anak|title=Inilah 3 Istri Raja Salman yang Memberikan 13 Anak|date=1 Maret 2017|accessdate=27 Mei 2020|editor=Muslimah|last=muslimah|language=id|work=[[Tribunnews|Tribunnews.com]]}}</ref>
* Istri pertama bernama Sultana binti Turki Al Sudairi, darinya lahir 6 orang anak:
*# Pangeran Fahd,
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