Seri Rambai
Koordinat: 5°25′16″N 100°20′37″E / 5.421022°N 100.343677°E
Seri Rambai adalah sebuah meriam Belanda abad ke-17 yang disimpan di Benteng Cornwallis di George Town, sebuah Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO dan ibukota negara bagian Malaysia Penang. Meriam tersebut merupakan meriam kuningan terbesar di Malaysia; sejarahnya diperbincangkan di Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.
Seri Rambai | |
meriam | |
Meriam Seri Rambai di Benteng Cornwallis, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
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Negara | Malaysia |
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Negara bagian | Penang |
Kota | George Town |
Dipasang | 1603, oleh Jan Burgerhuis |
Material | Kuningan |
Sebuah gambar dekoratif di depan trunionnya yang menampilkan tiga pasang singa. Setiap pasang dipisah dengan bunga-bungaan.
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Sejarah meriam tersebut di Selat Malaka dimulai pada awal 1600an ketika para pejabat Perusahaan Hindia Timur Belanda mempersembahkannya kepada Sultan Johor dalam rangka mengembalikan izin dagang. Kurang dari sepuluh tahun kemudian, Johor dihancurkan, sultan tertangkap dan Seri Rambai dibawa ke Aceh. Menjelang akhir abad kedelapan belas, meriam tersebut dikirim ke Selangor dan ditempatkan di sebelah salah satu benteng atas bukti kota tersebut. Pada 1971, para bajak laut merebut sebuah kapal jung Penang, membunuh para penumpang dan krunya, dan membawa kapal curian tersebut ke Selangor. Pemerintah kolonial Inggris menanggapinya dengan membakar kota tersebut, menghancurkan bentengnya dan menyita Seri Rambai. Menurut legenda, meriam tersebut ditenggelamkan dalam laut lepas George Town dan ditinggalkan selema beberpaa tahun sebelum diangkat oleh seorang bangsawan Selangor. Meriam tersebut aslinya disimpan di Esplanade, Penang; pada 1950an, meriam tersebut dipindahkan ke pelataran Benteng Cornwallis.
Sumber
Buku / Monografi
- Anderson, John (1824), Political and Commercial Considerations Relative to the Malayan Peninsula and the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca, Prince of Wales Island: William Cox
- Borschberg, Peter (2010), The Singapore and Melaka Straits: Violence, Security and Diplomacy in the 17th Century, Singapura: NUS Press, ISBN 9971694646
- Bouchaud, Jērôme; Peyronnet, Claire; Krompholtz, Pierrette; Labourdette, Jean Paul; Auzias, Dominique (2014), Petite Fute Malaisie Singapour: 2014–2015 (dalam bahasa French), Paris: Nouvelles éd. de l'Université, ISBN 2746969734
- Cheah, Jin Seng (2012), Penang: 500 Early Postcards, Singapura: Editions Didier Millet, ISBN 9671061710
- Dixon, Chris (1991), South East Asia in the World-Economy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 052131237X
- Huxley, Aldous (1926), Jesting Pilate: an Intellectual Holiday, New York City: George H. Doran
- Puype, Jan Piet; Van Der Hoeven, Marco (1996), The Arsenal of the World: the Dutch Arms Trade in the Seventeenth Century, Amsterdam: Batavian Lion International, ISBN 9067074136
- Reid, Anthony (2006), Verandah of Violence: The Background to the Aceh Problem, Singapore: NUS Press, ISBN 0295986336
- Syukri, Ibrahim (1985), History of the Malay Kingdom of Patani, USA: Ohio University Press, ISBN 0896801233
- Tarling, Nicholas (1992), The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: From c. 1500 to c. 1800, 2, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521663709
- Watson Andaya, Barbara (2013), "Chapter 2: Gates, Elephants, Cannon and Drums: Symbols and Sounds in the Creation of a Pattani Identity", dalam Jory, Patrick, Ghosts of the Past in Southern Thailand: Essays on the History and Historiography of Pattani, Singapore: NUS Press, hlm. 31–52, ISBN 9971696355
Jurnal / Majalah
- Borschberg, Peter (2002), "The Seizure of the Santo Antônio at Patani" (PDF), Journal of the Siam Society, 90 (1): 59–72, ISSN 0857-7099
- Clouston, R. W. M. (1947–48), "The Church Bells of Renfrewshire and Dunbartonshire" (PDF), Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 82 (1): 146–192, ISSN 0081-1564
- Coope, A.E. (1947), "The Floating Cannon of Butterworth", Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 20 (1): 126–128, ISSN 0126-7353
- Douglas, Dato F. W. (1948), "The Penang Cannon, Si Rambai", Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 21 (1): 117–118, ISSN 0126-7353
- Gibson-Hill, C.A. (1953), "Notes on the Old Cannon Found in Malaya, and Known to be of Dutch Origin", Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 26 (1): 145–174, ISSN 0126-7353
- Guedes, João (October 2011). "Weapons of Yesteryear: Portuguese Cannon Foundries in Macao" (PDF). Macao Magazine. Macao: Government Information Bureau. hlm. 54–58. ISSN 2076-5479. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 3 April 2016.
- Phraison Salarak, Luang (1914–1915), "Intercourse between Burma and Siam as Recorded in Hmannan Yazawindawgyi" (PDF), Journal of the Siam Society, 11 (3): 1–67, ISSN 0857-7099
- Sewell, C.A. Seymour (1922), "Notes on Some Old Siamese Guns" (PDF), Journal of the Siam Society, 15 (1): 1–43, ISSN 0857-7099
- Watson Andaya, Barbara (2011), "Distant Drums and Thunderous Cannon: Sounding Authority in Traditional Malay Society" (PDF), International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, Penang: Universiti Sains Malaysia, 7 (2): 17–33, ISSN 1823-6243, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 3 April 2016
Surat Kabar / Agensi Berita
- "Affair with Pirates", The Straits Times, Singapore, hlm. 10, 4 October 1920
- "Dr Gibson-Hill Found Dead in Bath", The Straits Times, Singapore, hlm. 1, 20 August 1963
- "Dutch Carriage for Cannon", The Straits Times, Singapore, hlm. 3, 8 September 1970
- "Far and Malay", The Sunday Times, London, 24 January 2013, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 April 2016
- "Mitos Perempuan 'Dihamili' Meriam Si Jagur", Republika (dalam bahasa Indonesian), Jakarta, 14 February 2016, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 February 2016
- "Replica Cannon Bombed Nine Days after its Installation", Isranews Agency, Bangkok, 13 June 2013, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 April 2016
- "Roots of International Law in 1603 Incident off Changi", The Straits Times, Singapore, 23 February 2015, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 March 2016
- "Wanted: Old Cannon for Fort", The Straits Times, Singapore, hlm. 4, 18 February 1953
Situs web
- "A Very Fine and Impressive Dutch 24 Pdr. Bronze Cannon". Bonhams. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 April 2016.
- "Bronze Cannon Conservation: Fort Belvoir". Conservation Solutions. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 April 2016.