Silinder Koresh: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k Bot: Penggantian teks otomatis (-di tahun +pada tahun) |
Add 1 book for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20240209)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot |
||
(28 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox artifact
| name = Silinder Koresh<br>Tabung
| image = [[Berkas:Cyrus Cylinder.jpg|250px|
| image_caption = Silinder Koresh, sisi
| material = Tanah liat yang dipanggang
| size = {{convert|22.5|cm|in}} x {{convert|10|cm|in}} (maximum) <ref name="BM-database" />
| writing = [[bahasa Akkadia]],
| created = Sekitar 539–530 SM
| period = [[Kekaisaran Akhemeniyah]] <ref name="BM-database" />
| discovered = [[
| location =
| id = BM 90920 <ref name="BM-database" />
| registration = British-Museum-db 1880,0617.1941 id=327188<ref name="BM-database" />
}}
[[Berkas:London 307.JPG|300 px|
'''Silinder Koresh'''
== Deskripsi ==
Silinder Koresh ini berbentuk [[tabung]] terbuat dari [[tanah liat]] yang dipanggang berukuran {{convert|22.5|cm|in}} x {{convert|10|cm|in}} pada diameter maksimumnya.<ref name="BM-database">{{cite web|url=http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=327188&partid=1|title=The Cyrus Cylinder (British Museum database)|accessdate=19 June 2010}}</ref> Dibuat dalam beberapa babak di sekitar inti tanah liat berbentuk kerucut yang di dalamnya terdapat batu kelabu besar menutupinya. Dilapisi dengan tanah liat tambahan sehingga menjadi bentuk tabung dengan lapisan paling luar terbuat dari tanah liat halus untuk diukir dengan tulisan. Ditemukan dalam bentuk pecahan-pecahan,
Badan utama silinder ini, ditemukan oleh Rassam pada tahun [[1879]], adalah fragmen "A".
Meskipun Silinder ini jelas bertarikh setelah direbutnya kota
== Isi ==
Silinder ini memuat pujian atas [[Koresh Agung]] termasuk silsilahnya dari keturunan para raja.
Di dalam Silinder Koresh juga dicatat mengenai kekejaman Raja [[Nabonidus]] yang merupakan raja terakhir kerajaan Babel.<ref name="Baker"/> Nabonidus menjadi terdakwa karena melakukan kesalahan dalam bidang [[agama]] sehingga menimbulkan kemarahan dewa [[Marduk]] sebagai kepala para dewa Babel.<ref name="Baker"/>
Raja [[Nabonidus]] dikalahkan oleh [[Koresh]] (juga ditulis di [[Silinder Nabonidus]]), yang dipilih oleh Marduk untuk mengembalikan perdamaian dan tata tertib di Babilon. Orang-orang Babilon menyambut [[Koresh]] sebagai raja mereka yang baru dan Koresh masuk
Juga ditulis:
: “Saya mengembalikan kepada kota-kota kudus ini di seberang Tigris, bait-bait yang telah menjadi puing untuk waktu yang lama, gambar-gambar yang [tadinya] tinggal di dalamnya dan menegakkan mereka sebagai bait-bait permanen. Saya [juga] mengumpulkan semua penghuni mereka [yang dulu] dan mengembalikan mereka ke tempat asal mereka.”<ref name=pameran>[http://graphe-ministry.org/articles/?p=1521 Pameran Silinder Koresh di Amerika Serikat]</ref>
== Koresh ==
{{main|Koresh Agung}}
[[Koresh Agung|'''Koresh''' atau '''Koresy''']] (576-530 SM), disebut 23 kali dalam [[Alkitab]], dan adalah seorang raja [[Persia]] yang mengalahkan Kerajaan Babel dan mengeluarkan proklamasi yang memerintahkan pembangunan kembali Bait Yahudi ({{Alkitab|Ezra 1:1-4}}). Koresh disebutkan dalam nubuat sebelum ia lahir ({{Alkitab|Yesaya 44:28}} dan {{Alkitab|Yesaya 45:1}}). Para skeptik pernah menyangka bahwa catatan Alkitab tentang Koresy membebaskan orang-orang Yahudi, dan bagaimana dia memberikan kebebasan beragama, adalah mitos. Tetapi Silinder Koresh mengkonfirmasi bahwa itu memang adalah kebijaksanaannya.<ref name=pameran/>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Daftar artefak terkait Alkitab]]
* [[Silinder Nabonidus]]
* [[Tawarikh Nabonidus]]
* Bagian [[Alkitab]] yang berkaitan: [[Ezra 1]], [[Daniel 5]]
== Referensi ==
Baris 43 ⟶ 50:
{{refbegin|colwidth=50em}}
* {{cite book|ref=Abtahi|last=Abtahi|first=Hirad|editor1=Abtahi, Hirad|editor2=Boas, Gideon|title=The Dynamics of International Criminal Justice: Essays in Honour of Sir Richard May|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|location=Leiden|year=2006|isbn=90-04-14587-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Albertz|last=Albertz|first=Rainer|title=Israel in Exile: The History and Literature of the Sixth Century B.C.E.|url=https://archive.org/details/israelinexilehis0000albe|publisher=Society of Biblical Literature|location=Atlanta|year=2003|isbn=1-58983-055-5}}
* {{cite book|ref=Ansari|last=Ansari|first=Ali|authorlink=Ali Ansari|title=Modern Iran: The Pahlavis and After|publisher=Longman|location=Harlow|year=2007|isbn=1-4058-4084-6}}
* {{cite book|ref=Arberry|last=Arberry|first=A.J.|title=The Legacy of Persia|url=https://archive.org/details/legacyofpersia0000arbe|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|year=1953|oclc=1283292}}
* {{cite book|ref=Arnold|author1=Arnold, Bill T.|author2=Michalowski, Piotr|editor=Chavelas, Mark W.|chapter=Achaemenid Period Historical Texts Concerning Mesopotamia|title=The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation|publisher=Blackwell|location=London|year=2006|isbn=0-631-23581-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Bedford|last=Bedford|first=Peter Ross|title=Temple Restoration in Early Achaemenid Judah|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|year=2000|isbn=90-04-11509-9}}
Baris 53 ⟶ 60:
* {{cite book|ref=Bidmead|last=Bidmead|first=Julye|title=The Akitu Festival: Religious Continuity And Royal Legitimation In Mesopotamia|publisher=Gorgias Press LLC|location=Piscataway, NJ|year=2004|isbn=1-59333-158-4}}
* {{cite book|ref=Briant|last=Briant|first=Pierre|authorlink=Pierre Briant|title=From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire|publisher=Eisenbraun|location=Winona Lake, IN|year=2006|isbn=978-1-57506-120-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Brown|last = Brown|
* {{cite book|ref=Buchanan|last=Buchanan|first=G.|editor1=Bury, J.B.|editor2=Cook, S.A.|editor3=Adcock, F.E.|chapter=The Foundation and Extension of the Persian Empire|title=The Cambridge Ancient History: IV. The Persian Empire and the West|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgeancient00bury|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=1964|oclc=57550495}}
* {{cite book|ref=Curtis|author1=Curtis, John|author2=Tallis, Nigel|author3=André-Salvini, Béatrice|title=Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia|url=https://archive.org/details/forgottenempirew0000unse_c6q5|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|year=2005|isbn=0-520-24731-0}}
* {{cite book|ref=Dandamaev|last=Dandamaev|first=M.A.|title=A political history of the Achaemenid Empire|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|year=1989|isbn=978-90-04-09172-6}}
* {{cite book|ref=Daniel|last=Daniel|first=Elton L.|title=The History of Iran|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofiran0000dani|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|location=Westport, CT|year=2000|isbn=0-313-30731-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=Dick|last=Dick|first=Michael B.|editor1=Batto, Bernard Frank|editor2=Roberts, Kathryn L.|editor3=McBee Roberts, Jimmy Jack|chapter=The "History of David's Rise to Power" and the Neo-Babylonian Succession Apologies|title=David and Zion: Biblical Studies in Honor of J.J.M. Roberts|publisher=Eisenbrauns|location=Winona Lake, IN|year=2004|isbn=1-57506-092-2}}
* {{cite book|ref=Dyck|last=Dyck|first=Jonathan E.|title=The Theocratic Ideology of the Chronicler|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|year=1998|isbn=90-04-11146-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=Evans|last=Evans|first=Malcolm|title=Religious Liberty and International Law in Europe|url=https://archive.org/details/religiousliberty00evan|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=1997|isbn=0-521-55021-1}}
* {{cite book|ref=Finkel|author1=Finkel, I.L.|author2=Seymour, M.J.|title=Babylon|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|isbn=978-0-19-538540-3}}
* {{cite book|ref=Fowler|author1=Fowler, Richard|author2=Hekster, Olivier|title=Imaginary kings: royal images in the ancient Near East, Greece and Rome|publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag|year=2005|location=Stuttgart|isbn=978-3-515-08765-0}}
* {{cite book|ref=Free|author1=Free, Joseph P.|author2=Vos, Howard Frederic|editor=Vos, Howard Frederic|title=Archaeology and Bible history|url=https://archive.org/details/archaeologybible0000free|publisher=Zondervan|location=Grand Rapids, MI|year=1992|isbn=978-0-310-47961-1}}
* {{cite book|ref=Fried|last=Fried|first=Lisbeth S.|title=The priest and the great king: temple-palace relations in the Persian Empire|publisher=Eisenbrauns|location=Winona Lake, IN|year=2004|isbn=978-1-57506-090-3}}
* {{cite book|ref=Grabbe|last=Grabbe|first=Lester L.|title=A History of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period: Yehud, the Persian Province of Judah|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|location=London|year=2004|isbn=0-567-08998-3}}
* {{cite book|ref=Grabbe-2006|last=Grabbe|first=Lester L.|editor1=Lipschitz, Oded|editor2=Oeming, Manfred|chapter=The "Persian Documents" in the Book of Ezra: Are They Authentic?|title=Judah and the Judeans in the Persian period|publisher=Eisenbrauns|location=Winona Lake, IN|year=2006|isbn=978-1-57506-104-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Hallo|author=Hallo, William|editor1=Hallo, William|editor2=Younger, K. Lawson|title=The Context of Scripture: Monumental inscriptions from the biblical world
* {{cite book|ref=Haubold|author=Haubold, Johannes|editor1=Bridges, Emma|editor2=Hall, Edith|editor3=Rhodes, P.J.|chapter=Xerxes' Homer|title=Cultural Responses to the Persian Wars: Antiquity to the Third Millennium|url=https://archive.org/details/culturalresponse0000unse|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-927967-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=Hilprecht|last=Hilprecht|first=Hermann Volrath|authorlink=Hermann Volrath Hilprecht|title=Explorations in Bible lands during the 19th century|url=https://archive.org/details/explorationsinbi00hilpuoft|publisher=A.J. Molman and Company|location=Philadelphia|year=1903}}
* {{cite journal|ref=Hurowitz|last=Hurowitz|first=Victor Avigdor|title=Restoring the Temple: Why and when?|journal=[[The Jewish Quarterly Review]]|volume=93|number=3/4|date=Jan–Apr. 2003|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press}}
* {{cite book|ref=Janzen|last=Janzen|first=David|title=Witch-hunts, purity and social boundaries: the expulsion of the foreign women in Ezra 9–10|publisher=Sheffield Academic Press|location=London|year=2002|isbn=978-1-84127-292-4}}
* {{cite book|ref=Koldewey|author1=Koldewey, Robert|author2=Griffith Johns, Agnes Sophia|title=The excavations at Babylon|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_NTmFAAAAIAAJ|publisher=MacMillan & co.|year=1914|location=London}}
* {{cite book|ref=Kuhrt-1982|last=Kuhrt|first=Amélie|authorlink=Amélie Kuhrt|chapter=Babylonia from Cyrus to Xerxes|title=The Cambridge Ancient History: Vol IV – Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean|editor=Boardman, John|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=1982|isbn=0-521-22804-2}}
* {{cite journal|ref=Kuhrt-1983|last=Kuhrt|first=Amélie|title=The Cyrus Cylinder and Achaemenid imperial policy|journal=[[Journal for the Study of the Old Testament]]|volume=25|year=1983|publisher=University of Sheffield. Dept. of Biblical Studies|location=Sheffield|issn=1476-6728}}
Baris 79 ⟶ 86:
* {{cite book|ref=Kutsko|last=Kutsko|first=John F.|title=Between Heaven and Earth: Divine Presence and Absence in the Book of Ezekiel|publisher=Eisenbrauns|location=Winona Lake, IN|year=2000|isbn=1-57506-041-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=Lincoln|last=Lincoln|first=Bruce|title=Discourse and the Construction of Society: Comparative Studies of Myth, Ritual, and Classification|publisher=Oxford University Press US|location=New York|year=1992|isbn=0-19-507909-4}}
* {{cite book|ref=Lincoln (2007)|last=Lincoln|first=Bruce|title=Religion, empire and torture: the case of Achaemenian Persia, with a postscript on Abu Ghraib|url=https://archive.org/details/religionempireto0000linc|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|year=2007|isbn=978-0-226-48196-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=Llewellyn-Jones|editor-last=Harrison|editor-first=Thomas|last=Llewellyn-Jones|first=Lloyd|chapter=The First Persian Empire 550–330BC|title=The Great Empires of the Ancient World|url=https://archive.org/details/greatempiresofan0000unse|page=[https://archive.org/details/greatempiresofan0000unse/page/104 104]|publisher=Getty Publications|year=2009|isbn=978-0-89236-987-4}}
* {{cite book|ref=Mallowan|last=Mallowan|first=Max|authorlink=Max Mallowan
* {{cite book|ref=Masroori|last=Masroori
* {{cite book
* {{cite book|ref=Mitchell|last=Mitchell|first=T.C.|title=Biblical Archaeology: Documents from the British Museum|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalarchaeol0000mitc|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=London|year=1988|isbn=0-521-36867-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Nies|author1=Nies, J.B.|author2=Keiser, C.E.|title=Babylonian Inscriptions in the Collection of J.B. Nies|volume=II|year=1920}}
* {{cite book|ref=Pahlavi|last=Pahlavi|first=Mohammed Reza|authorlink=Mohammed Reza Pahlavi|title=The White Revolution of Iran|publisher=Imperial Pahlavi Library|year=1967}}
* {{cite book|ref=Pritchard|editor=Pritchard, James Bennett|title=The Ancient Near East, Volume I: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton|year=1973|oclc=150577756}}
* {{cite book|ref=Rassam|last=Rassam|first=Hormuzd|authorlink=Hormuzd Rassam|title=Asshur and the land of Nimrod|url=https://archive.org/details/asshurandlandni00rogegoog|year=1897|publisher=Curts & Jennings|location=London}}
* {{cite journal|ref=Rawlinson|last=Rawlinson|first=H. C.|authorlink=Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baronet|year=1880|title=Notes on a newly-discovered clay Cylinder of Cyrus the Great|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=12}}
* {{cite book|ref=Robertson-Merrills|author1=Robertson, Arthur Henry|author2=Merrills, J. G.|title=Human rights in the world : an introduction to the study of the international protection of human rights|publisher=Manchester University Press|location=Manchester|year=1996|isbn=978-0-7190-4923-1}}
* {{cite book|ref=Schaudig|last=Schaudig|first=Hanspeter|title=Die Inschriften Nabonids von Babylon und Kyros' des Grossen samt den in ihrem Umfeld entstandenen Tendenzschriften : Textausgabe und Grammatik|publisher=Ugarit-Verlag|location=Münster|year=2001|isbn=3-927120-75-8|language=German}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book|ref=Sherwin|last=Sherwin|first=Simon J.|editor=Gordon, Robert P|chapter=Old Testament monotheism and Zoroastrian influence|title=The God of Israel: Studies of an Inimitable Deity|url=https://archive.org/details/godofisrael0000unse_w1a1|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=2007|isbn=0-521-87365-7}}
* {{cite book|ref=Smith|last=Smith|first=Morton|editor=Cohen, Shaye J.D.|title=Studies in the cult of Yahweh, Volume 1|page=78|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|year=1996|isbn=978-90-04-10477-8}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book|ref=Stillman|last=Stillman|first=Robert E.|title=Philip Sidney and the poetics of Renaissance cosmopolitanism|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|year=2008|location=Aldershot|isbn=978-0-7546-6369-0}}
* {{cite journal|ref=van der Spek|last=van der Spek|first=R.J.|authorlink=R. J. van der Spek|title=Did Cyrus the Great introduce a new policy towards subdued nations? Cyrus in Assyrian perspective|journal=Persica|volume=10|year=1982|publisher=Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Osten|location=Leiden|oclc=499757419}}
* {{cite book|ref=Vos|last=Vos|first=Howard Frederic|title=The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia|chapter=Archaeology of Mesopotamia|editor=Bromiley, Geoffrey W.|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|location=Grand Rapids, Mich.|year=1995|isbn=0-8028-3781-6}}
* {{cite journal|ref=Walker|last=Walker|first=C.B.F.|title=A recently identified fragment of the Cyrus Cylinder|journal=Iran : journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies|number=10|year=1972|issn=05786967}}
* {{cite book|ref=Walton|author1=Walton, John H.|author2=Hill, Andrew E.|title=Old Testament Today: A Journey from Original Meaning to Contemporary Significance|url=https://archive.org/details/oldtestamenttoda0000walt|publisher=Zondervan|location=Grand Rapids, MI|year=2004|isbn=0-310-23826-9}}
* {{cite book|ref=Wiesehöfer-1999|last=Wiesehöfer|first=Josef|authorlink=Josef Wiesehöfer|chapter=Kyros, der Schah und 2500 Jahre Menschenrechte. Historische Mythenbildung zur Zeit der Pahlavi-Dynastie|title=Mythen, Geschichte(n), Identitäten. Der Kampf um die Vergangenheit|editor=Conermann, Stephan|publisher=EB-Verlag|location=Schenefeld/Hamburg|year=1999|isbn=3-930826-52-6|language=German}}
* {{cite book|ref=Wiesehöfer-2001|last=Wiesehöfer|first=Josef|title=Ancient Persia: From 550 BC to 650 AD|url=https://archive.org/details/ancientpersiafro0000wies|publisher=I.B. Tauris|location=London|year=2001|isbn=1-86064-675-1}}
* {{cite book|ref=Weissbach|last=Weissbach|first=Franz Heinrich|title=Die Keilinschriften der Achämeniden|series=Vorderasiatische Bibliotek|publisher=J. C. Hinrichs|location=Leipzig|year=1911|language=German}}
* {{cite book|ref=Winn Leith|last=Winn Leith|first=Mary Joan|editor=Coogan, Michael David|chapter=Israel among the Nations: The Persian Period|title=The Oxford History of the Biblical World|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195087079|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=1998|isbn=0-19-513937-2}}
* {{cite book|ref=Farrokh|last=Farrokh|first=Kaveh|authorlink=Kaveh Farrokh|chapter=Cyrus the Great and early Achaemenids|title=Shadows in the Desert: Ancient Persia at War|publisher=Osprey Publishing|location=Oxford|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84603-108-3}}
* {{cite book|ref=Lauren|last=Lauren|first=Paul Gordon|chapter=Philosophical Visions: Human Nature, Natural Law, and Natural Rights|title=The Evolution of International Human Rights: Visions Seen|url=https://archive.org/details/evolutionofinter02edlaur_d4o4|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|location=Philadelphia|year=2003|isbn=0-8122-1854-X}}
{{refend}}
{{Koresh Agung}}
[[Kategori:Koresh Agung|Silinder]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Israel]]
[[Kategori:Kitab Daniel]]
|