Soekarno: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(11 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 47:
| birth_name = Koesno Sosrodihardjo
| birth_date = {{birth date|1901|6|6|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Soerabaja]], [[Jawa Timur|Oost Java]], [[Hindia Belanda]] (sekarang [[Surabaya]], [[Jawa Timur]], [[Indonesia]])<ref>A. Setiadi (2013), Soekarno Bapak Bangsa, Yogyakarta: Palapa, pp.21.</ref>
| death_date = {{death date and age|1970|6|21|1901|6|6|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Museum Satria Mandala|Wisma Yaso]], [[Jakarta]], Indonesia
Baris 89:
{{Collapsible list|title=''Dari Kartini Manoppo''|1=
{{plainlist|1=
*[[Totok Suryawan Soekarnoputra]]
}}
}}
Baris 110:
 
== Nama ==
Soekarno lahir di [[Peneleh, Surabaya|Peneleh]], [[Surabaya]], [[Jawa Timur]] dengan nama '''Kusno''' (Koesno) yang diberikan oleh orangtuanya.<ref name="kasenda" /> Akan tetapi, karena ia sering sakit maka ketika berumur sebelas tahun namanya diubah menjadi Soekarno oleh ayahnya.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kulkiram|first=Vicky Fadil|date=19 Februari 2024|title=Biografi Sang Proklamator: Soekarno yang Disegani Dunia|url=https://olenka.id/biografi-sang-proklamator-soekarno-yang-disegani-dunia|website=olenka.id|publisher=Olenka|language=id|access-date=19 Februari 2024}}</ref><ref name="kasenda" /><ref name="cindy adams">{{id}} {{cite book|first = Cindy|last = Adams|year = 1984|title = Bung Karno Penyambung Lidah Rakyat Indonesia|publisher = Gunung Agung|location = Jakarta|id= ISBN 979-96573-2-6}}</ref>{{Rp|35-36}} Nama tersebut diambil dari seorang panglima perang dalam kisah [[Bharata Yudha]] yaitu [[Karna]].<ref name="kasenda" /><ref name="cindy adams" /> Nama "Karna" menjadi "Karno" karena dalam [[bahasa Jawa]] huruf "a" berubah menjadi "o" sedangkan awalan "su" memiliki arti "baik".<ref name="cindy adams" />
 
Di kemudian hari ketika menjadi presiden, ejaan nama Soekarno diganti olehnya sendiri menjadi Sukarno karena menurutnya nama tersebut menggunakan ejaan penjajah ([[Belanda]]).<ref name="cindy adams" />{{rp|32}} Ia tetap menggunakan nama Soekarno dalam tanda tangannya karena tanda tangan tersebut adalah tanda tangan yang tercantum dalam [[Proklamasi#Teks Proklamasi|Teks Proklamasi]] [[17 Agustus 1945|Kemerdekaan Indonesia]] yang tidak boleh diubah, selain itu tidak mudah untuk mengubah tanda tangan setelah berumur 50 tahun.<ref name="cindy adams" />{{rp|32}} Sebutan akrab untuk Soekarno adalah Bung Karno.
Baris 424:
== Penghargaan ==
{{lihat pula|Daftar hal-hal yang dinamai dari Soekarno}}
=== GelarDalam Doctor Honoris CausaNegeri ===
Semasa hidupnya, Soekarno mendapatkan gelar [[Doktor]] [[Honoris Causa]] dari 26 [[universitas]] di dalam dan luar negeri.<ref name="gelar">[http://www.yayasanbungkarno.or.id/biografi.php Apa dan Siapa Ir. Sukarno] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629015211/http://www.yayasanbungkarno.or.id/biografi.php |date=2010-06-29 }}, ''Yayasan Bung Karno''. Diakses pada 3 Agustus 2010.</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width="150"|Tanggal
!width="300"|Gelar yang Dianugerahkan
!width="250"|Nama Universitas, Kota, Negara
|-
| 10 Januari 1951
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Far Eastern University, [[Manila]], [[Filipina]]
|-
| 19 September 1951
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum
| [[Universitas Gajah Mada]], [[Yogyakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 24 Mei 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Columbia University, [[New York]], [[Amerika Serikat]]
|-
| 27 Mei 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Michigan University, [[Michigan]], [[Amerika Serikat]]
|-
| 8 Juni 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| McGill University, [[Montreal]], [[Kanada]]
|-
| 23 Juni 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Teknik (Doctor of Technical Science)
| Berlin University, [[Berlin Barat]], [[Jerman Barat]]
|-
| 11 September 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Lomonosov University, [[Moskow]], [[Rusia]]
|-
| 13 September 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Beograd University, [[Belgrado]], [[Yugoslavia]]
|-
| 23 September 1956
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Karlova University, [[Praha]], [[Cekoslovakia]]
|-
| 27 April 1959
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Istanbul University, [[Istanbul]], [[Turki]]
|-
| 30 April 1959
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Warsaw University, [[Warsawa]], [[Polandia]]
|-
| 20 Mei 1959
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| Brazil University, [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brazil]]
|-
| 11 April 1960
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Politik (Doctor of Political Science)
| Sofia University, [[Sofia]], [[Bulgaria]]
|-
| 13 April 1960
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Politik (Doctor of Political Science)
| Bucharest University, [[Bukarest]], [[Rumania]]
|-
| 17 April 1960
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Mesin (Doctor of Engineering)
| Budapest University, [[Budapest]], [[Hungaria]]
|-
| 24 April 1960
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Falsafah (Doctor of Philosophy)
| Al-Azhar University, [[Kairo]], [[Mesir]]
|-
| 5 Mei 1960
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Sosial dan Politik
| La Paz University, [[La Paz]], [[Bolivia]]
|-
| 13 September 1962
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Teknik (Doctor of Technical Science)
| [[Institut Teknologi Bandung]], [[Bandung]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 2 Februari 1963
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan Kemasyarakatan
| [[Universitas Indonesia]], [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 29 April 1963
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan Hukum, Politik, dan Hubungan Internasional
| [[Universitas Hasanuddin]], [[Makassar]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 14 Januari 1964
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum & Politik (Doctor of Law & Politics)
| Royal Khmere University, [[Phnom Penh]], [[Kamboja]]
|-
| 2 Agustus 1964
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Hukum (Doctor of Law)
| University of the Philippines, [[Manila]], [[Filipina]]
|-
| 3 November 1964
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan Politik
| Universitas Pyongyang, [[Pyongyang]], [[Korea Utara]]
|-
| 2 Desember 1964
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Ushuluddin Jurusan Da'Wah
| [[Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah|Institut Agama Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah]], [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 23 Desember 1964
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Ilmu Sejarah
| [[Universitas Pajajaran]], [[Bandung]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
| 3 Agustus 1965
| Doctor Honoris Causa dalam Falsafah Ilmu Tauhid
| [[Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
|-
|}
 
=== Tanda kehormatan ===
==== Dalam Negeri ====
{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
| colspan="3"|{{Ribbon devices|ribbon=Pita (Ribbon) Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna.png|width=100}}
Baris 578 ⟶ 462:
|}
 
==== Luar Negeri ====
* {{Flag|Afghanistan}} :
** [[File:Order of the Supreme Sun (Kingdom of Afghanistan).gif|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Supreme Sun|Order of the Supreme Sun]] (1961)<ref>{{Citation|title=Bung Karno di Afghanistan|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjXIwkfRhxw|accessdate=2023-04-14|language=id-ID}}</ref>
* {{flag|Afrika Selatan}} :
** [[File:Order of the Companions of O.R. Tambo (ribbon bar).gif|70px]] Supreme Companion of the [[:en:Order of the Companions of O.R. Tambo|Order of the Companions of O.R. Tambo]] (SCOT) (2005) ''Anumerta''<ref>{{cite web|publisher=The Presidency Republic of South Africa|access-date=2022-11-09|title=The Order of the Companions of O.R. Tambo|url=https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/order-companions-o.r.-tambo-0}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=myrepro|date=2015-11-10|title=Penghormatan & Penghargaan Untuk Bung Karno|url=https://myrepro.wordpress.com/2015/11/11/jasa-jasa-soekarno-di-dunia-internasional/|website=myrepro|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Jam|first=Satu|date=2015-08-28|title=Biografi Soekarno|url=https://satujam.com/biografi-soekarno/|website=Satu Jam|language=en-US|access-date=2023-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-21|title=Orang Afrika: Mengapa Sukarno Disingkirkan?|url=https://historia.id/politik/articles/orang-afrika-mengapa-sukarno-disingkirkan-vVe4W|website=Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sejarah Lengkap dan Asal Usul Presiden Soekarno|url=https://www.kuwaluhan.com/2017/08/sejarah-lengkap-dan-asal-usul-presiden.html|website=Kuwaluhan.com|language=id|access-date=2023-04-14}}</ref>
*{{flag|Argentina}} :
**[[Berkas:ARG Order of the Liberator San Martin - Grand Cross BAR.png|nirbing|70x70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the Liberator General San Martín|Order of the Liberator General San Martin]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biografi Soekarno|url=https://kepustakaan-presiden.perpusnas.go.id/en/award/?box=list&presiden_id=1&presiden=sukarno|website=Kepustakaan Presiden|access-date=22 November 2023}}</ref>
* {{flagu|Australia}} :
** [[File:AUS Order of Australia (civil) BAR.svg|70px]] Medal of the [[:en:Order of Australia|Order of Australia]] (OAM)
* {{flag|Bolivia}} :
** [[File:BOL Order of Condor of the Andes - Grand Cross BAR.png|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the Condor of the Andes|Order of the Condor of the Andes]]
* {{flag|Brazil}} :
** [[File:BRA - Order of the Southern Cross - Grand Cross BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Order of the Southern Cross|Order of the Southern Cross]]
* {{flag|Czechoslovakia}} :
** [[File:CZE Rad Bileho Lva 3 tridy BAR.svg|70px]] Collar of the [[:en:Order of the White Lion|Order of the White Lion]] (1956)<ref>{{Citation|title=Presiden Soekarno berkunjung ke Cekoslowakia (1956)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeV3HGJwQ2I|accessdate=2023-04-14|language=id-ID}}</ref>
* {{flag|Filipina}} :
** [[File:PHI Legion of Honor 2003 Chief Commander BAR.svg|70px]] Chief Commander of the [[:en:Philippine Legion of Honor|Philippine Legion of Honor]] (CCLH) (3 Februari 1951)<ref>{{cite web|access-date=26 October 2018|publisher=[[:en:Government of Philippines|Government of Philippines]]|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/briefer-on-the-philippine-legion-of-honor/|title=Briefer on the Philippine Legion of Honor}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Hungaria}} :
** [[File:HUN Order of Merit of the Hungarian Rep 1class Collar BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross with Chain of the [[:en:Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary|Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpathe.com/video/sukarno-in-hungary/|access-date=2022-11-09|date=1960|website=British Pathé|title=Sukarno In Hungary 1960}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=President Sukarno of Indonesia in Hungary (1960) {{!}} British Pathé|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AsudSNGn9I|accessdate=2023-04-14|language=id-ID}}</ref>
* {{flag|Jepang}} :
** [[File:JPN Daikun'i kikkasho BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Chrysanthemum|Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum]] (6 Juni 1961)
**[[File:JPN Zuiho-sho (WW2) 1Class BAR.svg|70px]] [[:en:Order of the Sacred Treasure|Order of the Sacred Treasure]] 1st Class (1943)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mirnawati|first=Indonesia|date=2012|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Kumpulan_Pahlawan_Indonesia_Terlengkap/mVH_CQAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=soekarno+bintang+republik&pg=PA151&printsec=frontcover|title=Kumpulan pahlawan Indonesia terlengkap|publisher=CIF|pages=151|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Jerman}} :
*{{flag|Jerman}}:
**[[Berkas:GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 9 Sond des Grosskreuzes.svg|nirbing|70x70px]] Grand Cross Special Class (''Sonderstufe des Großkreuzes)'' of the [[Orde Jasa Republik Federal Jerman|Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]] (1956)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Geerken|first=Horst H.|date=2017|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Hitler_s_Asian_Adventure/5GiGCgAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1|title=Hitler's Asian Adventure|location=Bonn|publisher=A BukitCinta Book|isbn=9783738630138|pages=531-532|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Maroko}} :
** [[File:MAR Order of the Throne - Special Class BAR.png|70px]] Grand Cordon of the [[:en:Order of the Throne|Order of the Throne]] (1960)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-22|title=Kunjungan Sukarno ke Maroko|url=https://historia.id/urban/articles/kunjungan-sukarno-ke-maroko-6mJR3|website=Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-04-14}}</ref>
* {{flag|Portugal}} :
** [[File:PRT Order of Saint James of the Sword - Grand Cross BAR.svg|70px]] Grand Cross of the [[:en:Military Order of Saint James of the Sword|Military Order of Saint James of the Sword]] (GCSE)
* {{flag|Thailand}} :
** [[File:Order of Chula Chom Klao - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg|70px]] Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of the [[:en:Order of Chula Chom Klao|Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao]] (KGC)
* {{flag|Uni Soviet}} :
** [[File:SU Order of Lenin ribbon.svg|70px]] Recipient of the [[:en:Order of Lenin|Order of Lenin]]
** [[File:Order of the Elephant Ribbon bar.svg|70px]] Recipient of the [[:en:Lenin Peace Prize|International Lenin Peace Prize]] (3 Mei 1960)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/07/29/archives/lenin-peace-medal-pinned-on-sukarno.html|access-date=2022-11-09|date=1960-07-29|work=[[The New York Times]]|title=Lenin Peace Prize Pinned on Sukarno}}</ref>
* {{flag|Vatikan}} :
** [[File:Ordo Militia Aurata or Ordine dello Speron d'Oro o Milizia Aurata.png|70px]] Ksatria [[Ordo Pacu Emas]]
** [[File:Order Pius Ribbon 1kl.png|70px]] Ksatria Salib Agung [[Ordo Paus Pius IX]] (GCPO)
** [[File:Benemerenti Medal (Vatican) - ribbon bar.png|70px]] Penerima [[Medali Benemerenti]]
* {{flag|Vietnam}} :
** [[File:Vietnam Resistance Order ribbon.png|70px]] Resistance Medal, 1st Class
* {{flag|Yugoslavia}} :
** [[File:Order of the Yugoslavian Great Star Rib.png|70px]] Great Star of the [[:en:Order of the Yugoslav Star|Order of the Yugoslav Star]] (1956)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kementerian Penerangan|first=Indonesia|date=1958|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Menjongsong_tamu_negara_Josip_Broz_Tito/LEM9AAAAMAAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=soekarno+bintang+republik&pg=PA32&printsec=frontcover|title=Menjongsong tamu negara Josip Broz-Tito, Presiden Republik Rakjat Federal Yugoslavia|location=Indonesia|publisher=Indonesia. Departemen Penerangan|pages=32|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== Karya tulis ==