'Abdu'l-Bahá
pemimpin Baha'i
(Dialihkan dari ʻAbdu'l-Bahá)
ʻAbdu'l-Bahá' (/əbˈdʊl bəˈhɑː/; Persia: عبد البهاء, 23 Mei 1844 – 28 November 1921), nama lahir `Abbás (bahasa Persia: عباس), adalah putra sulung dari Bahá'u'lláh dan menjabat sebagai pemimpin Baha'i dari 1892 sampai 1921.[1] `Abdu’l-Bahá kemudian diangkat sebagai figur terakhir dari tiga "figur utama" dari agama tersebut, bersama dengan Bahá'u'lláh dan Báb. Tulisan-tulisan dan perbincangan-perbincangannya yang dicatat dianggap sebagai sumber sastra suci Bahá'í.[2]
ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Informasi pribadi | |
| Lahir | `Abbás 23 Mei 1844 |
| Meninggal | 28 November 1921 (umur 77) |
| Makam | Kuil `Abdu'l-Bahá 32°48′52.59″N 34°59′14.17″E / 32.8146083°N 34.9872694°E |
| Agama | Baha'i |
| Kebangsaan | Persia |
| Pasangan | |
| Anak | 4 (termasuk Ḍíyá'íyyih Khánum) |
| Orang tua | Bahá'u'lláh (ayah) Ásíyih Khánum (ibu) |
| Kerabat | Shoghi Effendi (cucu) |
Catatan
sunting- ^ Iranica 1989.
- ^ Smith 2000, hlm. 14-20.
Referensi
sunting- Afroukhteh, Youness (2003) [1952], Memories of Nine Years in 'Akká, Oxford, UK: George Ronald, ISBN 0-85398-477-8
- Balyuzi, H.M. (2001), `Abdu'l-Bahá: The Centre of the Covenant of Bahá'u'lláh (edisi ke-Paperback), Oxford, UK: George Ronald, ISBN 0-85398-043-8
- Bausani, Alessandro (1989), "'Abd-al-Bahā' : Life and work", Encyclopædia Iranica.
- Blomfield, Lady (1975) [1956], The Chosen Highway, London, UK: Bahá'í Publishing Trust, ISBN 0-87743-015-2
- Effendi, Shoghi (1938). The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust. ISBN 0-87743-231-7.
- Effendi, Shoghi (1944), God Passes By, Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust, ISBN 0-87743-020-9
- Browne, E.G. (1918), Materials for the Study of the Bábí Religion, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Esslemont, J.E. (1980), Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era (edisi ke-5th), Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust, ISBN 0-87743-160-4
- Foltz, Richard (2013), Religions of Iran: From Prehistory to the Present, Oneworld Publications, ISBN 1-85168-336-4
- Gail, Marzieh; Khan, Ali-Kuli (31 December 1987). Summon up remembrance. G. Ronald. ISBN 978-0-85398-259-3.
- Gallagher, Eugene V.; Ashcraft, W. Michael (2006), New and Alternative Religions in America, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-275-98712-4
- Kazemzadeh, Firuz (2009), "'Abdu'l-Bahá 'Abbás (1844–1921)", Bahá’í Encyclopedia Project, Evanston, IL: National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of the United States.
- McGlinn, Sen (22 April 2011). "Abdu'l-Baha's British knighthood". Sen McGlinn's Blog.
- Momen, M. (editor) (1981), The Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, 1844–1944 – Some Contemporary Western Accounts, Oxford, UK: George Ronald, ISBN 0-85398-102-7
- Momen, Moojan (2003). "The Covenant and Covenant-Breaker". bahai-library.com. Diakses tanggal 13 October 2016.
- Phelps, Myron Henry (1912), Life and Teachings of Abbas Effendi, New York: Putnam, ISBN 978-1-890688-15-8
- Poostchi, Iraj (1 April 2010). "Adasiyyah: A Study in Agriculture and Rural Development". Baha'i Studies Review. 16 (1): 61–105. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-01-22. Diakses tanggal 2019-06-15.
- Van den Hoonaard, Willy Carl (1996), The origins of the Bahá'í community of Canada, 1898–1948, Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, ISBN 0-88920-272-9
- Smith, Peter (2000), A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith, Oxford: Oneworld Publications, ISBN 1-85168-184-1
- Hogenson, Kathryn J. (2010), Lighting the Western Sky: The Hearst Pilgrimage & Establishment of the Baha'i Faith in the West, George Ronald, ISBN 978-0-85398-543-3
- Ma'ani, Baharieh Rouhani (2008), Leaves of the Twin Divine Trees, Oxford, UK: George Ronald, ISBN 0-85398-533-2
- Smith, Peter (2000). A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. hlm. 169–170. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
- Taherzadeh, Adib (2000). The Child of the Covenant. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0-85398-439-5.
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Smith, Peter (2008), An Introduction to the Baha'i Faith, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-86251-6
- Zarqáni, Mírzá Mahmúd-i- (1998) [1913], Mahmúd's Diary: Chronicling `Abdu'l-Bahá's Journey to America, Oxford, UK: George Ronald, ISBN 0-85398-418-2
Pranala luar
sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai `Abdu'l-Bahá.
Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: 'Abdu'l-Bahá.
Wikisumber memiliki karya asli dari atau mengenai:
- Karya `Abdu'l-Bahá di Project Gutenberg
- Karya oleh/tentang `Abdu'l-Bahá di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Karya 'Abdu'l-Bahá di LibriVox (buku suara domain umum)
- Selections from the Writings of `Abdu'l-Bahá
- Tablets of `Abdu'l-Bahá Abbas
- Abbas Effendi-`Abdu'l-Bahá Diarsipkan 2021-05-08 di Wayback Machine.
