United States v. Manning
United States v. Manning adalah kasus peradilan militer bagi mantan tentara Amerika Serikat kelas pertama swasta Bradley E. Manning[1] (sekarang dikenal sebagai Chelsea Manning).[2]
| United States v. Manning | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pengadilan | Distrik Militer Tentara Amerika Serikat Washington |
| Nama lengkap perkara | United States of America v. Manning, Bradley E., PFC |
| Alur perkara | |
| Tindakan sebelumnya | Article 32 hearing, opened December 16, 2011 Formally charged, February 23, 2012 Article 39 (pre-trial) hearing, opened April 24, 2012 |
| Majelis hakim | |
| Anggota majelis | Colonel Denise Lind |
Manning ditangkap pada Mei 2010 di Irak, di mana dia telah ditempatkan sejak Oktober 2009, setelah Adrian Lamo, hacker komputer di Amerika Serikat, yang memberikan informasi Kontraintelijen Tentara Amerika Serikat bahwa Manning telah mengakui lewat materi rahasia ke situs web pembocor rahasia, WikiLeaks.[3][4] Manning akhirnya didakwa dengan 22 kejahatan tertentu, termasuk mengomunikasikan informasi pertahanan nasional ke sumber yang tidak sah, dan yang paling serius dari dakwaan, membantu musuh.[1] Dakwaan lainnya termasuk pelanggaran Undang-undang Spionase, mencuri properti Pemerintah Amerika Serikat, dakwaan di bawah Penipuan Komputer dan Undang-undang Penyalahgunaan dan dakwaan yang berkaitan dengan kegagalan untuk mematuhi perintah umum yang sah berdasarkan Pasal 92 dari Kode Seragam Peradilan Militer. Dia masuk pengakuan bersalah dari 10 sampai 22 pelanggaran yang ditentukan pada bulan Februari 2013.[5]
Rujukan
sunting- ^ a b Jennifer Rizzo, "Bradley Manning charged"[pranala nonaktif permanen], CNN, February 23, 2012.
- ^ Patrick Semansky, "Bradley Manning wants to live as a woman: 'I am Chelsea Manning'", Toronto Star, August 22, 2013.
- ^ Dishneau, David. "Ex-agent says he alerted DoD in WikiLeaks case", Associated Press, 4 August 2010.
- ^ Denver Nicks, "Private Manning and the Making of Wikileaks", This Land, September 23, 2010.
- ^ "BBC News – Bradley Manning guilty of espionage in Wikileaks case". bbc.co.uk. July 30, 2013.
Bacaan lainnya
sunting- Artikel
- Carbone, Christopher. "Have gay rights groups abandoned Bradley Manning?" The Guardian. Tuesday July 30, 2013.
- Gabbatt, Adam. "Bradley Manning not guilty of aiding the enemy – live updates." The Guardian. Tuesday July 30, 2013.
- Greenwald, Glenn. "The strange and consequential case of Bradley Manning, Adrian Lamo and WikiLeaks", Salon, June 18, 2010.
- Hansen, Evan. "Manning-Lamo Chat Logs Revealed", Wired magazine, July 13, 2011; Diarsipkan 2012-03-30 di Wayback Machine. from the original on March 28, 2012.
- Nakashima, Ellen. "Messages from alleged leaker Bradley Manning portray him as despondent soldier", The Washington Post, June 10, 2010.
- Nicks, Denver. "Private Manning and the Making of Wikileaks", This Land, September 23, 2010.
- Pilkington, Ed. "Bradley Manning defence rests after calling just 10 witnesses." The Guardian/ Wednesday July 10, 2013.
- Buku
- Assange, Julian; O'Hagan, Andrew. Julian Assange: The Unauthorised Autobiography. Canongate, 2011.
- Brooke, Heather. The Revolution Will Be Digitised. William Heinemann, 2011.
- Domscheit-Berg, Daniel. Inside WikiLeaks. Doubleday, 2011.
- Fowler, Andrew. The Most Dangerous Man in the World. Skyhorse Publishing, 2011.
- Leigh, David; Harding, Luke. WikiLeaks: Inside Julian Assange's War on Secrecy. Guardian Books, 2011.
- Madar, Chase. The Passion of Bradley Manning. OR Books, 2012.
- Mitchell, Greg; Gosztola, Kevin. Truth and Consequences: The U.S. vs. Bradley Manning. Sinclair Books, 2012.
- Video
- Smith, Martin. "The Private Life of Bradley Manning", PBS Frontline, March 2011.
- Situs web
- The Law Offices of David E. Coombs, Bradley Manning's lawyer, accessed April 7, 2012.
- Unofficial trial transcripts Diarsipkan 2014-07-02 di Wayback Machine. from the Freedom of the Press Foundation
- What Happened At Bradley Manning's Hearing This Week? The 300,000 documents, Arun Rath,, PBS Frontline, December 22, 2011.
- "Witness: Manning said leak would lift 'fog of war'"Army investigators, including the reference to Eric Schmiedl, see David Dishneau and Pauline Jelinek, Associated Press, December 19, 2011
- "Investigators link WikiLeaks suspect to Assange", Agence France-Presse, December 20, 2011.
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