English: Map of the heartland of the Abbasid Caliphate, namely the regions of northern Iraq and eastern al-Jazira, in the late ninth century AD. The principal sources of this map are al-Tabari, volumes 33 through 38; Ibn Khurradadhbih, pp. 14-15, 29-30, 39-40, 53-54, 67-70 (French translation); Le Strange, Maps II and III.

Background topography taken from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain.

This map was created for the article http://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kharijite_Rebellion_(866%E2%80%93896).

Works Cited:

• Ibn Khurradadhbih, Abu al-Qasim 'Abd Allah. Kitab al-Masalik wa'l-Mamalik. Ed and trans. M.J. de Goeje. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1889.
• Le Strange, Guy. The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate: Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia, from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905.
• Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir. The History of al-Tabari. Ed. Ehsan Yar-Shater. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1985-2007.