Prestise (sosiolinguistik)

Dalam sosiolinguistik, prestise (bahasa Inggris: prestige) adalah pamor atau tingkat relatif suatu ragam bahasa, relatif terhadap bahasa atau dialek lain dalam komunitas yang sama. Ragam dengan prestise tinggi adalah bahasa atau dialek yang dianggap masyarakat sebagai ragam yang "benar" atau lebih baik. Penilaian ini berasal dari faktor sosial, tidak ada hubungan antara ragam prestise tinggi dengan baik atau tidaknya ragam tersebut dari segi logika atau estetika secara obyektif.^[1] Umumnya dialek prestise tinggi juga merupakan bentuk baku dari bahasa itu, walaupun ada juga kasus "prestise tersembunyi" (covert prestige) yaitu saat bahasa non-baku dianggap memiliki prestise tinggi.^[2]

Dalam bahasa Indonesia, pakar linguistik R. Kunjana Rahardi menyebut bahwa bahasa Indonesia dialek Jakarta memiliki prestise tinggi karena dipakai oleh orang-orang di "pusat pemerintahan, pusat perdagangan, tempat orang-orang tenar gampang ditemukan", sehingga dipakai bahkan oleh orang yang bukan penutur asli dialek itu, misalnya oleh penyiar televisi, mahasiswa, atau kaum muda.^[3]

Referensi

^ Preston 1996, hlm. 40–74
^ Labov 2006, hlm. 58
^ R. Kunjana Rahardi (2006). Dimensi-dimensi kebahasaan: aneka masalah bahasa Indonesia terkini. Erlangga. hlm. 148–. ISBN 9789797818326. OCLC 271743458.

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[1] Preston 1996, hlm. 40–74

[:0-2] Labov 2006, hlm. 58

[Rahardi2006-3] R. Kunjana Rahardi (2006). Dimensi-dimensi kebahasaan: aneka masalah bahasa Indonesia terkini. Erlangga. hlm. 148–. ISBN 9789797818326. OCLC 271743458.

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