Gargantua dan Pantagruel
Lima Buku Kehidupan dan Perbuatan Gargantua dan Pantagruel (bahasa Prancis: Les Cinq livres des faits et dits de Gargantua et Pantagruel), sering disingkat menjadi Gargantua dan Pantagruel atau Cinq Livres (Lima Buku),[1] adalah pentalogi novel yang ditulis pada abad ke-16 oleh François Rabelais.[a] Bercerita tentang petualangan dua raksasa, Gargantua (/ɡɑːrˈɡæntjuə/ GAR-gan-TEW-ə, bahasa Prancis: [ɡaʁɡɑ̃tɥa]) dan putranya Pantagruel (/pænˈtæɡruɛl, -əl, ˌpæntəˈɡruːəl/ pan-TAG-roo-EL-,_--ƏL-,_, bahasa Prancis: [pɑ̃taɡʁyɛl]). Karya ini ditulis dengan gaya yang lucu, mewah, dan menyindir, menampilkan banyak pengetahuan, vulgar, dan permainan kata, dan sering dibandingkan dengan karya William Shakespeare dan James Joyce.[2][3][4] Rabelais adalah seorang poliglot, dan karyanya memperkenalkan "sejumlah besar kata-kata baru dan sulit ... ke dalam bahasa Prancis".[5]
 Title-page of a ca 1532 edisi Pantagruel | |
| |
| Penulis | François Rabelais ("Alcofribas Nasier") |
|---|---|
| Judul asli | Les Cinq livres des faits et dits de Gargantua et Pantagruel |
| Penerjemah | Thomas Urquhart, Peter Anthony Motteux |
| Ilustrator | Gustave Doré (edisi tahun 1854) |
| Negara | Prancis |
| Bahasa | Perancis klasik |
| Genre | Satire |
| Terbitan | ca 1532 – ca 1564 |
| Terbitan dalam Bahasa Inggris | 1693–1694 |
| Nomor buku | 5 |
Karya tersebut distigmatisasi sebagai tidak senonoh oleh sensor dari Collège de la Sorbonne,[6] dan, dalam iklim sosial yang meninggikan penindasan agama menjelang Perang Agama Perancis, hal ini menimbulkan kecurigaan, dan orang-orang sezaman menghindari menyebutkannya.[7]
"Pantagruelisme", suatu bentuk stoikisme, yang dikembangkan dan diterapkan secara menyeluruh, adalah (antara lain) "semangat keriangan tertentu yang diwujudkan dalam penghinaan terhadap hal-hal yang tidak disengaja"[8] (bahasa Prancis: une certaine gaîté d'esprit confite dans le mépris des choses fortuites).
Referensi
sunting- ^ Les Cinq livres (The Five Books) or Les Cinq livres des faits et dits de Gargantua et Pantagruel (The Five Books of the Deeds and Sayings of Gargantua and Pantagruel) are shortened forms referring to the full title carried by the earliest publication into a single volume of all five novels of the pentalogy, namely Les Œuvres de Me François Rabelais, docteur en Medecine, contenant cinq livres, de la vie, faicts, & dits heroïques de Gargantua, & de son Fils Pantagruel (Lyon, Jean Martin, 1565 [antedated 1558]), which translates as The Works of Master François Rabelais, Doctor of Medicine: Containing Five Books of the Heroic Lives, Deeds and Sayings of Gargantua and His Son Pantagruel.
- ^ Rabelais, François (1994). Gargantua and Pantagruel: translated from the French by Sir Thomas Urquhart and Pierre Le Motteux; with an introduction by Terence Cave. Translated by Sir Thomas Urquhart and Pierre Le Motteux. Everyman's Library. hlm. xii. ISBN 9781857151817.
- ^ Rabelais, François (1999). The Complete Works of François Rabelais: translated from the French by Donald M. Frame; with a foreword by Raymond C. La Charité
. Translated by Donald M. Frame. University of California Press. hlm. xlii–v. ISBN 9780520064010.
- ^ Rabelais, François (2006). Gargantua and Pantagruel: Translated and edited with an Introduction and Notes by M. A. Screech . Translated by M. A. Screech. Penguin. hlm. xvii–iii. ISBN 9780140445503.
- ^ Bakhtin 1984, hlm. 110
- ^ Rabelais, François (1952). "Biographical Note". Dalam Hutchins, Robert Maynard; Adler, Mortimer J. Rabelais. Great Books of the Western World. 24. Diterjemahkan oleh Urquhart, Thomas; Motteux, Peter. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- ^ Le Cadet, Nicolas (2009). Marcel De Grève, La réception de Rabelais en Europe du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes, Comptes rendus (par année de publication des ouvrages). Accessed 22 November 2010.
- ^ Rabelais, François (1999). The Complete Works of François Rabelais: translated from the French by Donald M. Frame; with a foreword by Raymond C. La Charité . Diterjemahkan oleh Frame, Donald M. University of California Press. hlm. 425. ISBN 9780520064010.
Catatan
sunting- ^ The degree to which Rabelais can be said to be the sole author of the fifth book, parts of which were first published nine years after his death, remains an open question.
Bacaan lanjutan
sunting- The series in the original French is entitled La Vie de Gargantua et de Pantagruel.
- Auerbach, Erich. Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature. Fiftieth Anniversary Edition. Trans. Willard Trask. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003.
- Bakhtin, Mikhail (1984). Rabelais and his world . Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
- Bowen, Barbara C. (1998). Enter Rabelais, Laughing . Vanderbilt University Press. ISBN 978-0-8265-1306-9.
- Clark, Katerina; Holquist, Michael (1984). Mikhail Bakhtin (edisi ke-4). Cambridge: Harvard University Press. hlm. 398. ISBN 978-0-674-57417-5. Diakses tanggal 2012-01-15.
- Febvre, Lucien (1982). The Problem of Unbelief in the Sixteenth Century: The Religion of Rabelais. Translated by Beatrice Gottlieb. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Holquist, Michael. Dialogism: Bakhtin and His World, Second Edition. Routledge, 2002.
- Kinser, Samuel. Rabelais's Carnival: Text, Context, Metatext. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
- Renner, Bernd (2014). "From Satura to Satyre: François Rabelais and the Renaissance Appropriation of a Genre". Renaissance Quarterly. 67 (2): 377–424. doi:10.1086/677406.
- Shepherd, Richard Herne. The School of Pantagruel, 1862. Charles Collett. (Essay, transcription)
Pranala luar
sunting
- Gargantua and Pantagruel di Proyek Gutenberg, translated by Sir Thomas Urquhart and illustrated by Gustave Doré.
Buku audio domain publik Gargantua and Pantagruel di LibriVox- Gargantua and Pantagruel at Project Gutenberg
- Gargantua and Pantagruel (in French) at Association de Bibliophiles Universels
