Jim Peebles
Ahli Astrofisika dan Kosmologi Kanada-Amerika
Phillip James Edwin Peebles OM FRS (lahir 25 April 1935) adalah fisikawan dan kosmolog teori Kanada-Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Guru Besar Emeritus Sains Albert Einstein di Universitas Princeton.[1][2] Ia diakui sebagai salah satu kosmolog teori paling berpengaruh sejak 1970. Penelitian-penelitiannya memperkaya teori nukleosintesis primordial, materi gelap, radiasi latar gelombang mikro kosmik, dan formasi struktur. Ia bersama-sama dengan Michel Mayor dan Didier Queloz dianugerahi Penghargaan Nobel Fisika pada tahun 2019 atas temuan baru dalam teori kosmologi fisik.[3]
| Jim Peebles OM FRS | |
|---|---|
 Peebles tahun 2010 | |
| Lahir | Phillip James Edwin Peebles 25 April 1935 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Kanada |
| Kebangsaan | Kanada, Amerika Serikat |
| Pendidikan | Universitas Manitoba (BS) Universitas Princeton (MS, PhD) |
| Penghargaan | Eddington Medal (1981) Heineman Prize (1982) Bruce Medal (1995) Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1998) Gruber Prize (2000) Harvey Prize (2001) Shaw Prize (2004) Crafoord Prize (2005) Dirac Medal (2013) Penghargaan Nobel Fisika (2019) |
| Karier ilmiah | |
| Bidang | Fisika teori Kosmologi fisik |
| Institusi | Universitas Princeton Institute for Advanced Study |
| Disertasi | Observational tests and theoretical problems relating to the conjecture that the strength of the electromagnetic interaction may be variable (1962) |
| Pembimbing doktoral | Robert Dicke |
| Mahasiswa doktoral | |
Karya James Pebbles dalam teori kosmologi memberikan pemahaman tentang asal - usul dan evolusi alam semesta. Dalam teori Peebles di jelaskan bahwa hanya 5% dari alam semesta tersusun dari "materi" seperti planet dan bintang. Sedangkan 95 % lainnya terdiri dari materi dan energi gelap.[4]
Penghargaan
sunting- Eddington Medal (1981)
- Heineman Prize (1982)
- Fellow of the Royal Society (1982)[5]
- Henry Norris Russell Lectureship (1993)
- Bruce Medal (1995)
- Oskar Klein Medal (1997)
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1998)
- Gruber Prize in Cosmology (2000) bersama Allan Sandage
- Harvey Prize (2001)
- Shaw Prize (2004)
- Crafoord Prize bersama James E. Gunn dan Martin Rees (2005)
- Hitchcock Professorship (2006)
- Dirac Medal (2013)
- Order of Manitoba (2017)
- Penghargaan Nobel Fisika (2019)[6]
- Asteroid 18242 Peebles
Referensi
sunting- Davis, M.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1983). "A survey of galaxy redshifts. V – The two-point position and velocity correlations". Astrophys. J. 267: 465. Bibcode:1983ApJ...267..465D. doi:10.1086/160884.
- Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.; Roll, P. G.; Wilkinson, D. T. (1965). "Cosmic Black-Body Radiation". Astrophys. J. 142: 414. Bibcode:1965ApJ...142..414D. doi:10.1086/148306.
- Fukugita, M.; Hogan, C. J.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1998). "The cosmic baryon budget". Astrophys. J. 503 (2): 518. arXiv:astro-ph/9712020
. Bibcode:1998ApJ...503..518F. doi:10.1086/306025. - Groth, E. J.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1977). "Statistical Analysis Of Catalogs Of Extragalactic Objects. 7. Two And Three Point Correlation Functions For The High-Resolution Shane-Wirtanen Catalog Of Galaxies". Astrophys. J. 217: 385. Bibcode:1977ApJ...217..385G. doi:10.1086/155588.
- Ostriker, J. P.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1973). "A Numerical Study of the Stability of Flattened Galaxies: or, can Cold Galaxies Survive?". Astrophys. J. 186: 467. Bibcode:1973ApJ...186..467O. doi:10.1086/152513.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1966). "Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. I". Phys. Rev. Lett. 16 (10): 410. Bibcode:1966PhRvL..16..410P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.16.410.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1966). "Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. II". Astrophys. J. 146: 542. Bibcode:1966ApJ...146..542P. doi:10.1086/148918.
- Peebles, P. J. E.; Dicke, R. H. (1968). "Origin of the Globular Star Clusters". Astrophys. J. 154: 891. Bibcode:1968ApJ...154..891P. doi:10.1086/149811.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1969). "Origin of the Angular Momentum of Galaxies". Astrophys. J. 155: 393. Bibcode:1969ApJ...155..393P. doi:10.1086/149876.
- Peebles, P. J. E.; Yu, J. T. (1970). "Primeval adiabatic perturbation in an expanding universe". Astrophys. J. 162: 815. Bibcode:1970ApJ...162..815P. doi:10.1086/150713.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1971). Physical Cosmology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1980). The large-scale structure of the universe. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1982). "Large-scale background temperature and mass fluctuations due to scale-invariant primeval perturbations". Astrophys. J. 263: L1. Bibcode:1982ApJ...263L...1P. doi:10.1086/183911.
- Peebles, P. J. E. (1993). Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1988). "Cosmology with a time-variable cosmological 'constant'". Astrophys. J. 325: L17. Bibcode:1988ApJ...325L..17P. doi:10.1086/185100.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (1988). "Cosmological consequences of a rolling homogeneous scalar field". Phys. Rev. D. 37 (12): 3406. Bibcode:1988PhRvD..37.3406R. doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.3406.
- Ratra, B.; Peebles, P. J. E. (2003). "The cosmological constant and dark energy". Rev. Mod. Phys. 75 (2): 559–606. arXiv:astro-ph/0207347 . Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..559P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559.
Catatan kaki
sunting- ^ "Princeton University Physics Department". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal May 11, 2011.
- ^ "Princeton University News". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 13, 2016.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019". Nobel Media AB. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2019.
- ^ digital, pikiran rakyat. "Nobel Fisika 2019 Satukan Kosmologi dan Astronomi". Pikiran Rakyat. Diakses tanggal 2019-11-22.
- ^ "Phillip Peebles biography". Royal Society. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2017.
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019". Nobel Media AB. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2019.
Daftar pustaka
sunting- Hu, Wayne (1994-06-28). "The Nature versus Nurture of Anisotropies". arΧiv:astro-ph/9406071.