Klaus Fuchs

Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs (29 Desember 1911 – 28 Januari 1988) adalah seorang fisikawan teoretikal dan mata-mata atom Jerman yang didakwa pada 1950 karena memberikan informasi Proyek Manhattan Amerika, Inggris dan Kanada kepada Uni Soviet saat dan tak lama setelah Perang Dunia Kedua. Setelah ditahan selama sembilan tahun di Britania Raya, ia bermigrasi ke Jerman Timur dimana ia meneruskan kariernya sebagai fisikawan dan pemimpin saintifik.

Klaus Fuchs
Foto polisi Klaus Fuchs pada sekitar tahun 1940
Lahir	Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs (1911-12-29)29 Desember 1911 Rüsselsheim, Keharyapatihan Hesse, Kekaisaran Jerman
Meninggal	28 Januari 1988(1988-01-28) (umur 76) Berlin Timur, Republik Demokratik Jerman
Tempat tinggal	Jerman Britania Raya Amerika Serikat Jerman Timur
Kebangsaan	Jerman
Kewarganegaraan	Jerman, Britania Raya
Almamater	Universitas Leipzig Universitas Kiel Universitas Bristol Universitas Edinburgh
Suami/istri	Grete Keilson (1959–1988)
Karier ilmiah
Bidang	Fisika teoretikal
Institusi	Los Alamos National Laboratory Harwell Atomic Energy Research Establishment Institute for Nuclear Research in Rossendorf
Pembimbing doktoral	Nevill Mott

Referensi

• Baylis, John (1995). Ambiguity and Deterrence: British Nuclear Strategy 1945–1964. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-828012-2. OCLC 32700008. 
• Bernstein, Jeremy (March 2010). "John von Neumann and Klaus Fuchs: an Unlikely Collaboration". Physics in Perspective. 12 (1): 36–50. Bibcode:2010PhP....12...36B. doi:10.1007/s00016-009-0001-1. ISSN 1422-6944. 
• Brown, Anthony Cave; MacDonald, Charles B. (1981). On a Field of Red: the Communist International and the Coming of World War II. New York: Putnam. ISBN 978-0-399-12542-3. OCLC 6421801. 
• Goodman, Michael (July 2005). "Who Is Trying to Keep What Secret From Whom and Why? MI5-FBI Relations and the Klaus Fuchs Case". Journal of Cold War Studies. 7 (3): 124–146. doi:10.1162/1520397054377160. ISSN 1531-3298. 
• Greenspan, Nancy Thorndike (2005). The End of the Certain World: The Life and Science of Max Born. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-7382-0693-8. OCLC 56534998. 
• Goncharov, German A. (1996). "American and Soviet H-bomb development programmes: historical background" (PDF). Physics-Uspekhi. 39 (10): 1033–1044. Bibcode:1996PhyU...39.1033G. doi:10.1070/pu1996v039n10abeh000174. ISSN 1063-7869. Diakses tanggal 16 May 2013. 
• Hoffmann, Dieter (December 2009). "Fritz Lange, Klaus Fuchs, and the Remigration of Scientists to East Germany". Physics in Perspective. 11 (4): 405–425. Bibcode:2009PhP....11..405H. doi:10.1007/s00016-009-0427-5. 
• Holloway, David (1994). Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939–1956. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-06056-4. OCLC 29911222. 
• Laucht, Christoph (2012). Elemental Germans: Klaus Fuchs, Rudolf Peierls, and the making of British Nuclear Culture 1939–59. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-35487-6. OCLC 774489660. 
• Moss, Norman (1987). Klaus Fuchs: the Man who Stole the Atom Bomb. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-01349-3. OCLC 16277749. 
• Norris, Robert S.; Bernstein, Jeremy; Zimmerman, Peter D. (July 2009). "An Uncertain Train of Nuclear Events". The Nonproliferation Review. 16 (2): 293–301. doi:10.1080/10736700902969729. ISSN 1073-6700. 
• Reed, Thomas C. (September 2008). "The Chinese nuclear tests, 1964–1996". Physics Today. 61 (9): 47. Bibcode:2008PhT....61i..47R. doi:10.1063/1.2982122. ISSN 0031-9228. 
• Rhodes, Richard (1995). Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-80400-X. OCLC 32509950. 
• Rossiter, Mike (2014). The Spy who Changed the World. London: Headline Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-7553-6564-7. OCLC 881346616. 
• Szasz, Ferenc Morton (1992). British Scientists and the Manhattan Project: the Los Alamos Years. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-06167-8. OCLC 23901666. 
• Trenear-Harvey, Glenmore S. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Atomic Espionage. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7383-4. OCLC 695857029. 
• Weinstein, Allen; Vassiliev, Alexander (1999). The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America—the Stalin era. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-45724-4. OCLC 39051089. 
• Williams, Robert Chadwell (1987). Klaus Fuchs: Atom Spy. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-50507-7. OCLC 15520151. 

Bacaan tambahan

• Brinson, Charmian; Dove, Richard (2014). A Matter of Intelligence. MI5 and the Surveillance of Anti–Nazi Refugees 1933–50. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-9079-0.  (discusses the case of Fuchs, based on now available MI5 'Personal Files')
• Friedmann, Ronald (2006). Klaus Fuchs. Der Mann, der kein Spion war. Das Leben des Kommunisten und Wissenschaftlers Klaus Fuchs (dalam bahasa German). Rostock: Koch. ISBN 3-938686-44-8. OCLC 153884248. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
• Kojevnikov, Alexei (2004). Stalin's Great Science: The Times and Adventures of Soviet Physicists. London: Imperial College Press. ISBN 1-86094-420-5. OCLC 539098325.  (discusses use of Fuchs's passed on information by Soviets, based on now-declassified files)

Pranala luar

Media tentang Klaus Fuchs di Wikimedia Commons

• 1994 Audio Interview with Robert Lamphere by Richard Rhodes on interrogating Klaus Fuchs Voices of the Manhattan Project
• Visit the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) for the full text of Alexander Vassiliev's Notebooks containing more information on Fuchs's involvement in espionage
• FBI file on Klaus Fuchs
• Klaus Fuchs's 1950 confession Diarsipkan 2017-03-11 di Wayback Machine.
• PBS.org on Fuchs, with photo
• German Goncharov on: What the Soviets Learned From Klaus Fuchs Diarsipkan 2016-03-03 di Wayback Machine.
• Klaus Fuchs at Carey Sublette's NuclearWeaponArchive.org, which includes information about the specific information given by Fuchs to the Soviets from declassified KGB files
• Venona: Soviet Espionage and the American Response Diarsipkan 2007-11-14 di Wayback Machine. (CIA publication), contains letter from agents in 1949 about Klaus Fuchs. Diarsipkan index di Wayback Machine.
• Templat:Mactutor