Lydia Litvyak
Lydia Vladimirovna Litvyak (Лидия Владимировна Литвяк, (18 Agustus 1921 – 1 Agustus 1943), juga dikenal sebagai Lilya, adalah seorang pilot penyerang dalam Angkatan Udara Soviet pada Perang Dunia II.[1] Dengan lima kemenangan tunggal, propaganda Soviet mengklaim dua belas kemenangan tunggal dan dua dari empat pembunuhan bersama dalam 66 tugas penyerangan.[2][3][4][5][5][6] Dalam sekitar dua tahun operasi, ia menjadi pilot penyerang perempuan pertama yang menembak jatuh sebuah pesawat musuh, pertama dari dua pilot penyerang perempuan yang meraih gelar penerbang ulung dan pemenang rekor jumlah pembunuhan terbesar oleh seorang pilot penyerang perempuan. Ia ditembak jatuh di dekat Orel pada Pertempuran Kursk saat ia menyerang formasi pesawat Jerman.
| Lydia Litvyak | |
|---|---|
 Pahlawan Uni Soviet Lydia Litvyak | |
| Nama asli | Лидия Литвяк |
| Julukan | Lilya "Lili Putih dari Stalingrad" "Mawar Putih dari Stalingrad" |
| Lahir | 18 August 1921 Moskwa, Republik Sosialis Federasi Soviet Rusia |
| Meninggal | 1 Agustus 1943 (umur 21) Krasnyi Luch, Republik Sosialis Soviet Ukraina, Uni Soviet |
| Pengabdian |  Uni Soviet |
| Dinas/cabang |  Angkatan Udara Soviet |
| Lama dinas | 1941–1943 |
| Pangkat | Letnan Senior |
Referensi
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sunting- Bergström, Christer (2007). Barbarossa—The Air Battle: July–December 1941. Classic Publications. ISBN 1-85780-270-5.
- Bergström, Christer. Stalingrad—The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943. Hinckley England, Midland, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-276-4.
- Christer Bergström, Andrey Dikov & Vlad Antipov, Black Cross – Red Star. Air War over the Eastern Front. Volume 3. Everything for Stalingrad. Eagle Editions Ltd., 2006.
- Goodpaster-Strebe, Amy (2007). Flying for Her Country: the American and Soviet women military pilots of World War II. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-275-99434-1.
- Cottam, Kazimiera J. (1998). Women in War and Resistance: Selected Biographies of Soviet Women Soldiers. Focus Publishing/R.Pullins Co. ISBN 1-58510-160-5.
- Jackson, Robert. Air Aces of WWII. Ramsbury, MarlboRough, Vital Guide, Airlife Crowood Press, 2003. ISBN 1-84037-412-8.
- Milanetti, Gian Piero (2011). Le Streghe della Notte: La storia non detta delle eroiche ragazze-pilota dell'Unione Sovietica nella Grande Guerra Patriottica (dalam bahasa Italian). Istituto Bibliografico Napoleone, Roma, Italia. ISBN 88-7565-100-0.
- Milanetti, Gian Piero (2013). Soviet Airwomen of the Great Patriotic War - A pictorial history. IBN, Istituto Bibliografico Napoleone, Rome, Italy. ISBN 9788875651466.
- Myles, Bruce (1981). Night Witches: the untold story of Soviet women in combat. Mainstream. ISBN 0-906391-22-9.
- Noggle, Anne (1994). A Dance with Death: Soviet Airwomen in World War II. Texas A&M University. ISBN 0-89096-601-X.
- Pennington, Reina, ed. (2003). Amazons to Fighter Pilots: A Biographical Dictionary of Military Women. Westport, Connecticut/London: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32707-6.
- Prien, Jochen - Stemmer, Gerhard - Rodeike, Peter - Bock, Winfried: Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 - Teil 6 Tielband I Unternehmen "Barbarossa" Einsatz im Osten 22.6. bis 05.12.1941, Struve Druck, 2003.
- Prien, Jochen - Stemmer, Gerhard - Rodeike, Peter - Bock, Winfried: Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 - Teil 9 Tielband II Wom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad 1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943, Struve Druck, 2006.
- Pennington, Reina (1997). Wings, Women, and War: Soviet Airwomen in World War II Combat. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-1554-7.
- Polunina, Ekaterina K. (2004). Devčonki, podružki, letčicy. Izdat. Dom "Vestnik Vozduš. Flota".
- Morgan, Hugh. Gli assi Sovietici della Seconda guerra mondiale (in Italian). Edizioni del Prado/Osprey Aviation, 1999. ISBN 84-8372-203-8.
- Polak, Tomas with Christofer Shores. Stalin's Falcons—The aces of the red star. London, Grub Street, 1999. ISBN 1-902304-01-2.
- Sakaida, Henry (2003). Heroines of the Soviet Union: 1941-45. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-598-3.
- Seidl, Hans D. Stalin's Eagles—An illustrated Study of the Soviet Aces of World War II and Korea. Atglen, PA, Schiffer Military History, 1998. ISBN 0-7643-0476-3.
- Shores, Christopher. Air Aces. Greenwich CY, Bison Books, 1983. ISBN 0-86124-104-5.
- Spick, Mike.The Complete Fighter Ace: All the World's Fighter Aces, 1914–2000. London, Greenhill Books, 1999. ISBN 1-85367-374-9.
- Yenne, Bill. The White Rose of Stalingrad: The Real Life Adventure of Lidiya Vladimirovna Litvyak, the Highest Scoring Female Air Ace of All Time, Osprey, London. 2013. ISBN 978-1-84908-810-7
Pranala luar
sunting- The best Soviet WW2 pilots A photo gallery of female pilots
- Lydia Litvyak Memorial
- WWII Ace Stories. Dariusz Tyminski. Lilya Litvak—The "White Rose" of Stalingrad.
- BBC History: Who was the White Rose of Stalingrad? Diarsipkan 2013-04-19 di Archive.is